Higgs mechanism with type-II Nambu-Goldstone bosons at finite chemical potential
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033 (Japan)
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)
When the spontaneous symmetry breaking occurs for systems without Lorentz covariance, there arises possible mismatch, N{sub NG}<N{sub BG}, between numbers of Nambu-Goldstone (NG) bosons (N{sub NG}) and the numbers of broken generators (N{sub BG}). In such a situation, so-called type-II NG bosons emerge. We study how the gauge bosons acquire masses through the Higgs mechanism under this mismatch by employing gauge theories with complex scalar field at finite chemical potential and by enforcing ''charge'' neutrality. To separate the physical spectra from unphysical ones, the R{sub {xi}} gauge is adopted. Not only massless NG bosons but also massive scalar bosons generated by the chemical potential are absorbed into spatial components of the gauge bosons. Although the chemical potential induces a nontrivial mixings among the scalar bosons and temporal components of the gauge bosons, it does not affect the structure of the physical spectra, so that the total number of physical modes is not modified even for N{sub NG}<N{sub BG}.
- OSTI ID:
- 21502738
- Journal Information:
- Physical Review. D, Particles Fields, Vol. 83, Issue 12; Other Information: DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.83.125009; (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics; ISSN 0556-2821
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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