Persistence of DNA damage following exposure of human bladder cells to chronic monomethylarsonous acid

Journal Article · Tue Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2009 · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2009.08.016· OSTI ID:21344802

Wnek, S M; Medeiros, M K ^[1]; Eblin, K E ^[2]; Gandolfi, A J ^[1]

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1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel St., Tucson, AZ 85721 (United States)
2. SC Johnson and Son, Inc., 1525 Howe St., Racine, WI 53403-5011 (United States)

Malignant transformation was demonstrated in UROtsa cells following 52-weeks of exposure to 50 nM monomethylarsonous acid (MMA{sup III}); the result was the malignantly transformed cell line, URO-MSC. URO-MSC cells were used to study the induction of DNA damage and the alteration of DNA repair enzymes in both the presence of MMA{sup III} [URO-MSC(+)] and after subsequent removal of MMA{sup III} [URO-MSC(-)] following chronic, low-level exposure. In the presence of MMA{sup III}, URO-MSC(+) cells demonstrated a sustained increase in DNA damage following 12-weeks of exposure; in particular, a significant increase in DNA single-strand breaks at 12-weeks of exposure consistently elevated through 52 weeks. The persistence of DNA damage in URO-MSC cells was assessed after a 2-week removal of MMA{sup III}. URO-MSC(-) cells demonstrated a decrease in DNA damage compared to URO-MSC(+); however, DNA damage in URO-MSC(-) remained significantly elevated when compared to untreated UROtsa and increased in a time-dependent manner. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were demonstrated to be a critical component in the generation of DNA damage determined through the incubation of ROS scavengers with URO-MSC cells. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a key repair enzyme in DNA single-strand break repair. URO-MSC(+) resulted in a slight increase in PARP activity after 36-weeks of MMA{sup III} exposure, suggesting the presence of MMA{sup III} is inhibiting the increase in PARP activity. In support, PARP activity in URO-MSC(-) increased significantly, coinciding with a subsequent decrease in DNA damage demonstrated in URO-MSC(-) compared to URO-MSC(+). These data demonstrate that chronic, low-level exposure of UROtsa cells to 50 nM MMA{sup III} results in: the induction of DNA damage that remains elevated upon removal of MMA{sup III}; increased levels of ROS that play a role in MMA{sup III} induced-DNA damage; and decreased PARP activity in the presence of MMA{sup III}.

• OSTI ID: 21344802
• Journal Information: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 241, Issue 2; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.08.016; PII: S0041-008X(09)00352-4; Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; ISSN 0041-008X
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGANISMS AND BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
ARSENIC
BLADDER
DNA
DNA REPAIR
ENZYMES
NEOPLASMS
STRAND BREAKS
TOXICITY
BIOLOGICAL RECOVERY
BIOLOGICAL REPAIR
BODY
DISEASES
DNA DAMAGES
ELEMENTS
NUCLEIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PROTEINS
REPAIR
SEMIMETALS
URINARY TRACT