Direct formation of new, phase-stable, and photoactive anatase-type Ti{sub 1-2X}Nb{sub X}Sc{sub X}O{sub 2} solid solution nanoparticles by hydrothermal method

Journal Article · Mon Aug 04 00:00:00 EDT 2008 · Materials Research Bulletin

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2007.08.027· OSTI ID:21144083

Hirano, Masanori ^[1]; Ito, Takaharu ^[1]

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1. Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, Yakusa, Toyota 470-0392 (Japan)

A new anatase phase of photoactive Ti{sub 1-2X}Nb{sub X}Sc{sub X}O{sub 2} (X = 0-0.2) solid solutions was directly formed as nanoparticles from precursor solutions of TiOSO{sub 4}, NbCl{sub 5}, and Sc(NO{sub 3}){sub 3} under mild hydrothermal conditions at 180 deg. C for 5 h using the hydrolysis of urea. With the increase of the content of niobium and scandium from X = 0 to 0.2, the lattice parameters a{sub 0} and c{sub 0}, the crystallite size, and the optical band gap of anatase gradually increased. Their photocatalytic activity and adsorptivity were evaluated separately by the measurement of the concentration of methylene blue (MB) remained in the solution in the dark or under UV-light irradiation. The anatase-type Ti{sub 1-2X}Nb{sub X}Sc{sub X}O{sub 2} (X = 0.05) showed approximately two times and three times as high photocatalytic activity as those of the hydrothermal anatase-type pure TiO{sub 2} and commercially available reference pure TiO{sub 2} (ST-01), respectively. The anatase phase of Ti{sub 1-2X}Nb{sub X}Sc{sub X}O{sub 2} (X = 0-0.2) existed stably up to 900 deg. C during heat treatment in air. New rutile-type Ti{sub 1-2X}Nb{sub X}Sc{sub X}O{sub 2} solid solutions are formed through the phase transformation. The starting temperature of anatase-to-rutile phase transformation for Ti{sub 1-2X}Nb{sub X}Sc{sub X}O{sub 2} (X = 0-0.2) solid solutions was delayed but its completing temperature was accelerated.

• OSTI ID: 21144083
• Journal Information: Materials Research Bulletin, Vol. 43, Issue 8-9; Other Information: DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2007.08.027; PII: S0025-5408(07)00385-6; Copyright (c) 2007 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0025-5408
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
HEAT TREATMENTS
HYDROLYSIS
HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS
IRRADIATION
LATTICE PARAMETERS
METHYLENE BLUE
NANOSTRUCTURES
NIOBIUM COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
PHOTOCATALYSIS
RUTILE
SCANDIUM COMPOUNDS
SCANDIUM NITRATES
SOLID SOLUTIONS
TEMPERATURE RANGE 0400-1000 K
TEMPERATURE RANGE 1000-4000 K
TITANIUM OXIDES
UREA
X-RAY DIFFRACTION