Contradictory nature of Co doping in ferroelectric BaTiO3

Ponath, Patrick; O’Hara, Andrew; Cao, Hai-Xia; Posadas, Agham B.; Vasudevan, Rama; Okatan, M. Baris; Jesse, S.; Berg, Morgann; Li, Zongyao; Zhang, Desai; Kellock, Andrew J.; de Lozanne, Alex; Zhou, Jianshi; Kalinin, Sergei; Smith, David J.; Demkov, Alexander A.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.94.205121

Title: Contradictory nature of Co doping in ferroelectric $BaTi O_{3}$

Journal Article · Fri Nov 11 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Physical Review B

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.205121· OSTI ID:1343533

Ponath, Patrick ^[1]; O’Hara, Andrew ^[1]; Cao, Hai-Xia ^[2]; Posadas, Agham B. ^[1]; Vasudevan, Rama ^[3]; Okatan, M. Baris ^[3]; Jesse, S. ^[3]; Berg, Morgann ^[1]; Li, Zongyao ^[4]; Zhang, Desai ^[5]; Kellock, Andrew J. ^[6]; de Lozanne, Alex ^[1]; Zhou, Jianshi ^[4]; Kalinin, Sergei ^[3]; Smith, David J. ^[5]; Demkov, Alexander A. ^[1]

Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States). Dept. of Physics
Soochow Univ., Suzhou (China). Dept. of Physics. Jiangsu Key Lab. of Thin Films
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences
Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States). Materials Science and Engineering Program/Mechanical Engineering
Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States). Dept. of Physics
IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA (United States)

The growth of Co-substituted BaTiO₃ (BTO) films on Ge(001) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy is demonstrated in this paper. Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy images confirm the uniform Co distribution. However, no evidence of magnetic ordering is observed in samples grown for Co concentrations between 2% and 40%. Piezoresponse force microscopy measurements show that a 5% Co-substituted BTO sample exhibits ferroelectric behavior. First-principles calculations indicate that while Co atoms couple ferromagnetically in the absence of oxygen vacancies, the occurrence of oxygen vacancies leads to locally antiferromagnetically coupled complexes with relatively strong spin coupling. Finally, the presence of a significant amount of oxygen vacancies is suggested by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)

Contributing Organization:: IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA (United States); Soochow Univ., Suzhou (China); Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; FA9550-12-10494; 11104194

OSTI ID:: 1343533

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1331837

Journal Information:: Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 20; ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 9 works

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Title: Contradictory nature of Co doping in ferroelectric $BaTi O_{3}$