skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Combined convective and diffusive simulations: VERB-4D comparison with 17 March 2013 Van Allen Probes observations: VERB-4D

Journal Article · · Geophysical Research Letters
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065230· OSTI ID:1335610
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [3]; ORCiD logo [4];  [5]
  1. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). Dept. of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences; Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences
  2. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). Dept. of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences
  3. Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States). Inst. for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space
  4. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  5. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Lab. of Atmospheric and Space Physics
+ Show Author Affiliations

Our study focused on understanding the coupling between different electron populations in the inner magnetosphere and the various physical processes that determine evolution of electron fluxes at different energies. Observations during the 17 March 2013 storm and simulations with a newly developed Versatile Electron Radiation Belt-4D (VERB-4D) are presented. This analysis of the drift trajectories of the energetic and relativistic electrons shows that electron trajectories at transitional energies with a first invariant on the scale of ~100 MeV/G may resemble ring current or relativistic electron trajectories depending on the level of geomagnetic activity. Simulations with the VERB-4D code including convection, radial diffusion, and energy diffusion are presented. Sensitivity simulations including various physical processes show how different acceleration mechanisms contribute to the energization of energetic electrons at transitional energies. In particular, the range of energies where inward transport is strongly influenced by both convection and radial diffusion are studied. Our results of the 4-D simulations are compared to Van Allen Probes observations at a range of energies including source, seed, and core populations of the energetic and relativistic electrons in the inner magnetosphere.

Research Organization:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-06NA25396
OSTI ID:
1335610
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-15-28236
Journal Information:
Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 42, Issue 22; ISSN 0094-8276
Publisher:
American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 62 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (46)

Multidimensional quasi-linear diffusion of radiation belt electrons: MULTIDIMENSIONAL DIFFUSION journal July 2005
A Long-Lived Relativistic Electron Storage Ring Embedded in Earth's Outer Van Allen Belt journal February 2013
Gradual diffusion and punctuated phase space density enhancements of highly relativistic electrons: Van Allen Probes observations: Baker et al.: Van Allen Belt Electron Enhancements journal March 2014
Injection of electrons and protons with energies of tens of MeV into L < 3 on 24 March 1991 journal April 1992
Radial diffusion analysis of outer radiation belt electrons during the October 9, 1990, magnetic storm journal January 2000
Dynamic modeling of radiation belt electrons by radial diffusion simulation for a 2 month interval following the 24 March 1991 storm injection: BRIEF REPORT journal March 2010
Energetic, relativistic, and ultrarelativistic electrons: Comparison of long-term VERB code simulations with Van Allen Probes measurements: LONG-TERM VERB CODE SIMULATIONS journal May 2015
MHD/particle simulations of radiation belt dynamics journal March 2002
Resonant acceleration and diffusion of outer zone electrons in an asymmetric geomagnetic field journal January 2003
Effects of time-dependent electric fields on geomagnetically trapped radiation journal June 1965
The Comprehensive Inner Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Model: THE CIMI MODEL journal September 2014
Prompt energization of relativistic and highly relativistic electrons during a substorm interval: Van Allen Probes observations: RAPID RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON ENERGIZATION journal January 2014
On the extraterrestrial ring current during geomagnetic storms journal August 1967
Three-dimensional electron radiation belt simulations using the BAS Radiation Belt Model with new diffusion models for chorus, plasmaspheric hiss, and lightning-generated whistlers: GLAUERT ET AL. journal January 2014
Simulated magnetopause losses and Van Allen Probe flux dropouts journal February 2014
Modeling CME-shock-driven storms in 2012-2013: MHD test particle simulations: Modeling CME-shock driven storms journal February 2015
Van Allen Radiation of Solar Origin journal May 1959
Long-term relativistic radiation belt electron responses to GEM magnetic storms journal August 2013
Understanding the dynamic evolution of the relativistic electron slot region including radial and pitch angle diffusion: BRIEF REPORT journal October 2011
Relativistic radiation belt electron responses to GEM magnetic storms: Comparison of CRRES observations with 3-D VERB simulations: STORM TIME RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON journal August 2012
Rebuilding of the Earth's outer electron belt during 8-10 October 2012 journal February 2014
Radiation belt electron flux variability during three CIR-driven geomagnetic storms journal July 2009
Simulation of the prompt energization and transport of radiation belt particles during the March 24, 1991 SSC journal November 1993
Relative contribution of electrons to the stormtime total ring current energy content journal January 2005
Isolated cold plasma regions: Observations and their relation to possible production mechanisms journal March 1975
Acceleration of Particles to High Energies in Earth’s Radiation Belts journal October 2012
Review of radiation belt relativistic electron losses journal March 2007
Rebuilding process of the outer radiation belt during the 3 November 1993 magnetic storm: NOAA and Exos-D observations journal January 2003
Acceleration and loss of relativistic electrons during geomagnetic storms: ACCELERATION AND LOSS OF RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS journal May 2003
Dynamics of Geomagnetically Trapped Radiation book January 1970
Particle Diffusion in the Radiation Belts book January 1974
Time dependent radial diffusion modeling of relativistic electrons with realistic loss rates journal January 2004
Radial diffusion modeling with empirical lifetimes: comparison with CRRES observations journal January 2005
Controlling effect of the pitch angle scattering rates near the edge of the loss cone on electron lifetimes journal January 2006
Review of modeling of losses and sources of relativistic electrons in the outer radiation belt I: Radial transport journal November 2008
Review of modeling of losses and sources of relativistic electrons in the outer radiation belt II: Local acceleration and loss journal November 2008
Unusual stable trapping of the ultrarelativistic electrons in the Van Allen radiation belts journal September 2013
A new functional form to study the solar wind control of the magnetopause size and shape journal May 1997
Radiation belt electron dynamics driven by adiabatic transport, radial diffusion, and wave-particle interactions: INFLUENCE OF ADIABATIC TRANSPORT journal April 2011
Three-dimensional modeling of the radiation belts using the Versatile Electron Radiation Belt (VERB) code: MODELING OF THE RADIATION BELTS journal October 2009
Three-dimensional radiation belt simulations in terms of adiabatic invariants using a single numerical grid: TECHNIQUE journal May 2012
Long-term radiation belt simulation with the VERB 3-D code: Comparison with CRRES observations: RADIATION BELT SIMULATION WITH VERB 3-D CODE journal December 2011
Simulation of the acceleration of relativistic electrons in the inner magnetosphere using RCM-VERB coupled codes: TECHNIQUE journal August 2011
Three-dimensional VERB radiation belt simulations including mixed diffusion: BRIEF REPORT journal March 2010
Modeling radiation belt electron dynamics during GEM challenge intervals with the DREAM3D diffusion model: MODELING RADIATION BELT WITH DREAM3D journal October 2013
Three-dimensional simulations of outer radiation belt electron dynamics including cross-diffusion terms: 3D SIMULATIONS INCLUDING CROSS TERMS journal May 2010

Cited By (7)

Contemporaneous EMIC and whistler mode waves: Observations and consequences for MeV electron loss: SIMULTANEOUS EMIC AND WHISTLER OBSERVATIONS journal August 2017
Impact of space weather on the satellite industry: Space Weather Impact on Satellites journal June 2017
Earth's Van Allen Radiation Belts: From Discovery to the Van Allen Probes Era journal November 2019
Observations and Fokker‐Planck Simulations of the L ‐Shell, Energy, and Pitch Angle Structure of Earth's Electron Radiation Belts During Quiet Times journal February 2019
Multiyear Measurements of Radiation Belt Electrons: Acceleration, Transport, and Loss journal April 2019
Time-Window Approaches to Space-Weather Forecast Metrics: A Solar Wind Case Study journal November 2018
Reanalysis of Ring Current Electron Phase Space Densities Using Van Allen Probe Observations, Convection Model, and Log‐Normal Kalman Filter journal April 2019

Similar Records

Relativistic electron response to the combined magnetospheric impact of a coronal mass ejection overlapping with a high-speed stream: Van Allen Probes observations
Journal Article · Tue Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics · OSTI ID:1335610
+13 more
Van Allen Probes Measurements of Energetic Particle Deep Penetration Into the Low L Region (L < 4) During the Storm on 8 April 2016
Journal Article · Mon Nov 06 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics · OSTI ID:1335610
+10 more
Observations and Simulations of Dropout Events and Flux Decays in October 2013: Comparing MEO Equatorial With LEO Polar Orbit
Journal Article · Wed May 26 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics · OSTI ID:1335610
+5 more

Related Subjects

58 GEOSCIENCES
Heliospheric and Magnetospheric Physics