p16 Mutations in hereditary melanomas
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (United States); and others
The p16 gene (CDK4 inhibitor) is located in chromosome 9p21, a region that shows linkage to hereditary melanoma and is deleted in many different tumors. p16 was analyzed in 19 families with hereditary melanoma by amplifying the entire coding region in 5 short segments and screening by SSCP under several conditions that should resolve >95% of polymorphisms. A total of 10 variants were detected in 15 families. The mutations detected included 7 missense, 1 silent, 1 nonsense, and one that destroyed a consensus splice donor site. One of the missense mutations was present in 5/21 spouses in these families, giving an estimated allele frequency of 0.12. Therefore the {triangle}436 [G{yields}A] variant is a common polymorphism and is not involved in the development of melanoma. However, there was strong evidence for the involvement of the other p16 mutations in five 9p21 linked families. In these families, a total of 17/19 individuals with melanoma inherited the mutant allele, while only 2/26 unaffected family members (1 with dysplastic nevi) and 0/13 spouses had the mutant alleles. In two additional 9p21 linked families, one segregated a silent mutation in 3/4 of the affected individuals, and the second only contained the common {triangle}436 [G{yields}A] mutation. In the two families with strong evidence of linkage to chromosome 1p36 and exclusion of linkage to 9p21, no SSCP variants were detected at p16 among 11 melanoma cases, except for a single affected individual who inherited the variant from an unaffected parent. These data confirm the existence of genetic heterogeneity in families with hereditary melanoma. Most (5/7) of the families with strong linkage to 9p21 had p16 missense mutations that segregated with the disease, while 2 families with strong linkage to chromosome 1p36 did not have any detectable p16 mutations that segregated with the disease. Further functional analyses of these mutations will clarify which are causally related to hereditary melanoma.
- OSTI ID:
- 133403
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-941009-; ISSN 0002-9297; TRN: 95:005313-0131
- Journal Information:
- American Journal of Human Genetics, Vol. 55, Issue Suppl.3; Conference: 44. annual meeting of the American Society of Human Genetics, Montreal (Canada), 18-22 Oct 1994; Other Information: PBD: Sep 1994
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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