Illuminating structural proteins in viral "dark matter" with metaproteomics

Brum, Jennifer R.; Ignacio-Espinoza, J. Cesar; Kim, Eun -Hae; Trubl, Gareth; Jones, Robert M.; Roux, Simon; Verberkmoes, Nathan C.; Rich, Virginia I.; Sullivan, Matthew B.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1525139113

Title: Illuminating structural proteins in viral "dark matter" with metaproteomics

Journal Article · Tue Feb 16 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1525139113· OSTI ID:1287026

Brum, Jennifer R. ^[1]; Ignacio-Espinoza, J. Cesar ^[2]; Kim, Eun -Hae ^[3]; Trubl, Gareth ^[1]; Jones, Robert M. ^[4]; Roux, Simon ^[1]; Verberkmoes, Nathan C. ^[5]; Rich, Virginia I. ^[1]; Sullivan, Matthew B. ^[1]

Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States); The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States); Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States); Roche Tissue Diagnostics, Oro Valley, AZ (United States)
Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States); Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab., Hanover, NH (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Texas, El Paso, TX (United States)

Viruses are ecologically important, yet environmental virology is limited by dominance of unannotated genomic sequences representing taxonomic and functional "viral dark matter." Although recent analytical advances are rapidly improving taxonomic annotations, identifying functional darkmatter remains problematic. Here, we apply paired metaproteomics and dsDNA-targeted metagenomics to identify 1,875 virion-associated proteins from the ocean. Over one-half of these proteins were newly functionally annotated and represent abundant and widespread viral metagenome-derived protein clusters (PCs). One primarily unannotated PC dominated the dataset, but structural modeling and genomic context identified this PC as a previously unidentified capsid protein from multiple uncultivated tailed virus families. Furthermore, four of the five most abundant PCs in the metaproteome represent capsid proteins containing the HK97-like protein fold previously found in many viruses that infect all three domains of life. The dominance of these proteins within our dataset, as well as their global distribution throughout the world's oceans and seas, supports prior hypotheses that this HK97-like protein fold is the most abundant biological structure on Earth. Altogether, these culture-independent analyses improve virion-associated protein annotations, facilitate the investigation of proteins within natural viral communities, and offer a high-throughput means of illuminating functional viral dark matter.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; Work for Others (WFO)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1287026

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 113, Issue 9; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (United States)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 47 works

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