Photo-induced halide redistribution in organic–inorganic perovskite films

deQuilettes, Dane W.; Zhang, Wei; Burlakov, Victor M.; Graham, Daniel J.; Leijtens, Tomas; Osherov, Anna; Bulovic, Vladimir; Snaith, Henry J.; Ginger, David S.; Stranks, Samuel D.

doi:10.1038/ncomms11683

Title: Photo-induced halide redistribution in organic–inorganic perovskite films

Journal Article · Tue May 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11683· OSTI ID:1282930

deQuilettes, Dane W. ^[1]; Zhang, Wei ^[2]; Burlakov, Victor M. ^[3]; Graham, Daniel J. ^[4]; Leijtens, Tomas ^[5]; Osherov, Anna ^[6]; Bulovic, Vladimir ^[6]; Snaith, Henry J. ^[5]; Ginger, David S. ^[1]; Stranks, Samuel D. ^[7]

Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
Univ. of Lincoln, Lincoln (United Kingdom). School of Chemistry
Univ. of Oxford, Oxford (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics; Mathematical Inst., OCCAM
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States). Dept. of Bioengineering
Univ. of Oxford, Oxford (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Research Laboratory of Electronics
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Research Laboratory of Electronics; Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge (United Kingdom)

Organic-inorganic perovskites such as CH₃NH₃PbI₃ are promising materials for a variety of optoelectronic applications, with certified power conversion efficiencies in solar cells already exceeding 21%. Nevertheless, state-of-the-art films still contain performance-limiting non-radiative recombination sites and exhibit a range of complex dynamic phenomena under illumination that remain poorly understood. Here we use a unique combination of confocal photoluminescence (PL) microscopy and chemical imaging to correlate the local changes in photophysics with composition in CH₃NH₃PbI₃ films under illumination. We demonstrate that the photo-induced 'brightening' of the perovskite PL can be attributed to an order-of-magnitude reduction in trap state density. By imaging the same regions with time-of-flight secondary-ion-mass spectrometry, we correlate this photobrightening with a net migration of iodine. In conclusion, our work provides visual evidence for photo-induced halide migration in triiodide perovskites and reveals the complex interplay between charge carrier populations, electronic traps and mobile halides that collectively impact optoelectronic performance.

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Research Organization:: Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States).

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0013957; SC0001088

OSTI ID:: 1282930

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Vol. 7; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 725 works

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Elucidating the Long-range Charge Carrier Mobility in Metal Halide Perovskite Thin Films Lim, Jongchul; Wenger, Bernard; Snaith, Henry Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.hopv.2019.087	conference	February 2019
Giant Zero-Drift Electronic Behaviors in Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Diodes by Doping Iodine Ions Pang, Tiqiang; Jia, Renxu; Wang, Yucheng Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11091606	journal	September 2018
Spontaneous Enhancement of the Stable Power Conversion Efficiency in Perovskite Solar Cells Moghadamzadeh, Somayeh; Hossain, Ihteaz; Jakoby, Marius Karlsruhe https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000100545	text	January 2019
SnO ₂ ‐in‐Polymer Matrix for High‐Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells with Improved Reproducibility and Stability Wei, Jing; Guo, Fengwan; Wang, Xi Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 52 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201805153	journal	November 2018
Impact of White Light Illumination on the Electronic and Chemical Structures of Mixed Halide and Single Crystal Perovskites Zu, Feng-Shuo; Amsalem, Patrick; Salzmann, Ingo Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201700139	journal	March 2017
Recent Advances in Memory Devices with Hybrid Materials Hwang, Bohee; Lee, Jang-Sik Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201800519	journal	October 2018
Role of Microstructure in Oxygen Induced Photodegradation of Methylammonium Lead Triiodide Perovskite Films Sun, Qing; Fassl, Paul; Becker-Koch, David Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201700977	journal	July 2017
Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy Characterization of Organic and Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells Grévin, Benjamin Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75687-5_11	book	January 2018
Large tunable photoeffect on ion conduction in halide perovskites and implications for photodecomposition Kim, Gee Yeong; Senocrate, Alessandro; Yang, Tae-Youl Nature Materials, Vol. 17, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-018-0038-0	journal	March 2018
Detecting and identifying reversible changes in perovskite solar cells by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Klotz, Dino; Tumen-Ulzii, Ganbaatar; Qin, Chuanjiang RSC Advances, Vol. 9, Issue 57 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ra07048f	journal	January 2019
Gold and iodine diffusion in large area perovskite solar cells under illumination. Cacovich, Stefania; Ciná, L.; Matteocci, F. Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.43693	text	January 2017
Defect Engineering toward Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Li, Bowei; Ferguson, Victoria; Silva, S. Ravi P. Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 5, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201800326	journal	July 2018
Capturing the Sun: A Review of the Challenges and Perspectives of Perovskite Solar Cells Petrus, Michiel L.; Schlipf, Johannes; Li, Cheng Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201700264	journal	June 2017
Impact of Structural Dynamics on the Optical Properties of Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskites Panzer, Fabian; Li, Cheng; Meier, Tobias Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201700286	journal	June 2017
Hybrid perovskite light emitting diodes under intense electrical excitation Kim, Hoyeon; Zhao, Lianfeng; Price, Jared S. Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07383-8	journal	November 2018
High-performance and moisture-stable perovskite solar cells with a 2D modified layer via introducing a high dipole moment cation Xu, Huifen; Sun, Yuhai; Zheng, Haiying Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 7, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tc05227e	journal	January 2019
How Methylammonium Cations and Chlorine Dopants Heal Defects in Lead Iodide Perovskites Nan, G.; Zhang, X.; Abdi-Jalebi, M. Wiley https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.27214	journalarticle	January 2018
Elucidating the long-range charge carrier mobility in metal halide perovskite thin films Lim, Jongchul; Hoerantner, Maximilian T.; Sakai, Nobuya arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1812.06322	text	January 2018
Long-Term Stabilization of Two-Dimensional Perovskites by Encapsulation with Hexagonal Boron Nitride Seitz, Michael; Gant, Patricia; Castellanos-Gomez, Andres arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2009.10996	text	January 2020
High-Performance Planar Perovskite Solar Cells with Negligible Hysteresis Using 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol-Incorporated SnO2 Luan, Yigang; Yi, Xiaohui; Mao, Peng iScience, Vol. 16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2019.06.004	journal	June 2019
Reversible Removal of Intermixed Shallow States by Light Soaking in Multication Mixed Halide Perovskite Films Guo, Dengyang; Andaji Garmaroudi, Zahra; Abdi-Jalebi, Mojtaba ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.9b01726	journal	September 2019
Photoluminescence Blinking of Single-Crystal Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Nanorods Induced by Surface Traps Yuan, Haifeng; Debroye, Elke; Caliandro, Giorgio ACS Omega, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.6b00107	journal	July 2016
Statistics of the Auger Recombination of Electrons and Holes via Defect Levels in the Band Gap—Application to Lead-Halide Perovskites Staub, Florian; Rau, Uwe; Kirchartz, Thomas ACS Omega, Vol. 3, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b00962	journal	July 2018
Defect-induced local variation of crystal phase transition temperature in metal-halide perovskites Dobrovolsky, Alexander; Merdasa, Aboma; Unger, Eva L. Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00058-w	journal	June 2017
Unravelling the role of vacancies in lead halide perovskite through electrical switching of photoluminescence Li, Cheng; Guerrero, Antonio; Huettner, Sven Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07571-6	journal	November 2018
Microscopic insight into non-radiative decay in perovskite semiconductors from temperature-dependent luminescence blinking Gerhard, Marina; Louis, Boris; Camacho, Rafael Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09640-w	journal	April 2019
Fractional Deviations in Precursor Stoichiometry Dictate the Properties, Performance and Stability of Perovskite Photovoltaic Devices Fassl, Paul; Lami, Vincent; Bausch, Alexandra arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1904.11767	preprint	January 2019
Comparative studies of optoelectrical properties of prominent PV materials: Halide Perovskite, CdTe, and GaAs Zhang, Fan; Castaneda, Jose F.; Chen, Shangshang arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.03434	text	January 2019
Visualizing buried local carrier diffusion in halide perovskite crystals via two-photon microscopy Stavrakas, Camille; Delport, Géraud; Zhumekenov, Ayan A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1909.13110	preprint	January 2019
Nanoscale charge accumulation and its effect on carrier dynamics in tri-cation perovskite structures Toth, David; Hailegnaw, Bekele; Richheimer, Filipe arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2006.06229	preprint	January 2020

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