Electrochemical process for the preparation of nitrogen fertilizers

Jiang, Junhua; Aulich, Ted R; Ignatchenko, Alexey V

Title: Electrochemical process for the preparation of nitrogen fertilizers

Patent · Tue Apr 14 00:00:00 EDT 2015

OSTI ID:1178014

Jiang, Junhua; Aulich, Ted R; Ignatchenko, Alexey V

Methods and apparatus for the preparation of nitrogen fertilizers including ammonium nitrate, urea, urea-ammonium nitrate, and/or ammonia are disclosed. Embodiments include (1) ammonium nitrate produced via the reduction of a nitrogen source at the cathode and the oxidation of a nitrogen source at the anode; (2) urea or its isomers produced via the simultaneous cathodic reduction of a carbon source and a nitrogen source: (3) ammonia produced via the reduction of nitrogen source at the cathode and the oxidation of a hydrogen source or a hydrogen equivalent such as carbon monoxide or a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at the anode; and (4) urea-ammonium nitrate produced via the simultaneous cathodic reduction of a carbon source and a nitrogen source, and anodic oxidation of a nitrogen source.

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Research Organization:: Energy & Environmental Research Center Foundation, Grand Forks, ND (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

DOE Contract Number:: FC36-03GO13055

Assignee:: Energy & Environmental Research Center Foundation (Grand Forks, ND)

Patent Number(s):: 9,005,422

Application Number:: 12/905,600

OSTI ID:: 1178014

Resource Relation:: Patent File Date: 2010 Oct 15

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (13)

Process for the synthesis of ammonia using catalysts supported on graphite containing carbon Foster, Alan I.; James, Peter G.; McCarroll, John J. https://doi.org/https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsearch-public/print/downloadPdf/4163775 US Patent Document 4,163,775	patent	August 1979
Electrolytic oxidation/apparatus Bachot, Jean; Dumousseau, Jean-Yves https://doi.org/https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsearch-public/print/downloadPdf/4749462 US Patent Document 4,749,462	patent	June 1988
Direct electrochemical reduction of nitric acid to hydroxylamine nitrate Dotson, Ronald L.; Hernandez, Debra Y. https://doi.org/https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsearch-public/print/downloadPdf/4849073 US Patent Document 4,849,073	patent	July 1989
Electrolytic cell for producing a mixed oxidant gas Allen, Jeffrey D. https://doi.org/https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsearch-public/print/downloadPdf/5736016 US Patent Document 5,736,016	patent	April 1998
Method and apparatus for recovering condensables in vapor from a urea vacuum evaporator Singh, Vishnu D.; Strait, Richard; Czuppon, Thomas https://doi.org/https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsearch-public/print/downloadPdf/5744009 US Patent Document 5,744,009	patent	April 1998
Large-scale production of anhydrous nitric acid and nitric acid solutions of dinitrogen pentoxide Harrar, Jackson E.; Quong, Roland; Rigdon, Lester P. https://doi.org/https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsearch-public/print/downloadPdf/6200456 US Patent Document 6,200,456	patent	March 2001
Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia Murphy, Oliver J.; Denvir, Adrian J.; Teodorescu, Sorin Gabriel https://doi.org/https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsearch-public/print/downloadPdf/7314544 US Patent Document 7,314,544	patent	January 2008
Organic compound hydrogenation apparatus and method for hydrogenating organic compound Koyama, Saburo; Takagi, Fumiaki; Fuchigami, Toshio https://doi.org/https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsearch-public/print/downloadPdf/7846319 US Patent Document 7,846,319	patent	December 2010
Electrochemical process for the preparation of nitrogen fertilizers Aulich, Ted R.; Olson, Edwin S.; Jiang, Junhua https://doi.org/https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsearch-public/print/downloadPdf/8152988 US Patent Document 8,152,988	patent	April 2012
Process for the selective electrochemical oxidation of organic compounds Van Berkel, F. P. F.; Duda, Mark; Kuhnle, Adolf https://doi.org/https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsearch-public/print/downloadPdf/20020031694 US Patent Application 09/866638; 20020031694	patent-application	March 2002
Hydrogen production from coal, water and electrons Coughlin, Robert W.; Farooque, M. Nature, Vol. 279, Issue 5711 https://doi.org/10.1038/279301a0	journal	May 1979
Electrochemical Synthesis of Urea at Gas-Diffusion Electrodes Shibata, Masami Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 145, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1838309	journal	January 1998
Electrochemical membrane reactor for the reduction of carbondioxide to formate Subramanian, K.; Asokan, K.; Jeevarathinam, D. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, Vol. 37, Issue 2, p. 255-260 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-006-9252-6	journal	November 2006

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

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