DESI 2024 III: baryon acoustic oscillations from galaxies and quasars

Journal Article · Mon Apr 07 00:00:00 UTC 2025 · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/04/012 · OSTI ID:3011042

Adame, A.G. ; Aguilar, J.; Ahlen, S. ; Alam, S. ; Alexander, D.M. ; Alvarez, M.; Alves, O.; Anand, A. ; Andrade, U. ; Armengaud, E. ; Avila, S. ; Aviles, A. ; Awan, H. ; Bailey, S. ; Baltay, C.; Bault, A. ; Behera, J. ; BenZvi, S. ; Beutler, F. ; Bianchi, D. ; Blake, C. ; Blum, R. ; Brieden, S. ; Brodzeller, A. ; Brooks, D.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Burtin, E.; Calderon, R. ; Canning, R.; Carnero Rosell, A. ; Cereskaite, R.; Cervantes-Cota, J.L. ; Chabanier, S. ; Chaussidon, E. ; Chaves-Montero, J. ; Chen, S. ; Chen, X. ; Claybaugh, T.; Cole, S. ; Cuceu, A. ; Davis, T.M. ; Dawson, K.; de la Macorra, A. ; de Mattia, A. ; Deiosso, N. ; Dey, A. ; Dey, B. ; Ding, Z. ; Doel, P.; Edelstein, J.; Eftekharzadeh, S.; Eisenstein, D.J.; Elliott, A. ; Fagrelius, P.; Fanning, K. ; Ferraro, S. ; Ereza, J. ; Findlay, N. ; Flaugher, B.; Font-Ribera, A. ; Forero-Sánchez, D. ; Forero-Romero, J.E. ; Garcia-Quintero, C. ; Gaztañaga, E.; Gil-Marín, H. ; Gontcho, S.Gontcho A. ; Gonzalez-Morales, A.X. ; Gonzalez-Perez, V. ; Gordon, C. ; Green, D. ; Gruen, D.; Gsponer, R. ; Gutierrez, G.; Guy, J. ; Hadzhiyska, B. ; Hahn, C. ; Hanif, M.M.S. ; Herrera-Alcantar, H.K. ; Honscheid, K.; Howlett, C. ; Huterer, D. ; Iršič, V. ; Ishak, M. ; Juneau, S.; Karaçaylı, N.G. ; Kehoe, R.; Kent, S. ; Kirkby, D. ; Kong, H.; Kremin, A. ; Krolewski, A.; Lai, Y.; Lan, T.-W. ; Landriau, M. ; Lang, D. ; Lasker, J. ; Le Goff, J.M.; Le Guillou, L. ; Leauthaud, A. ; Levi, M.E. ; Li, T.S. ; Linder, E. ; Lodha, K. ; Magneville, C.; Manera, M. ; Margala, D. ; Martini, P. ; Maus, M. ; McDonald, P. ; Medina-Varela, L.; Meisner, A. ; Mena-Fernández, J. ; Miquel, R.; Moon, J.; Moore, S.; Moustakas, J. ; Mueller, E.; Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A.; Myers, A.D.; Nadathur, S. ; Napolitano, L. ; Neveux, R.; Newman, J.A. ; Nguyen, N.M. ; Nie, J. ; Niz, G. ; Noriega, H.E. ; Padmanabhan, N. ; Paillas, E. ; Palanque-Delabrouille, N. ; Pan, J. ; Penmetsa, S.; Percival, W.J. ; Pieri, M.M.; Pinon, M. ; Poppett, C.; Porredon, A. ; Prada, F. ; Pérez-Fernández, A. ; Pérez-Ràfols, I. ; Rabinowitz, D.; Raichoor, A. ; Ramírez-Pérez, C.; Ramirez-Solano, S. ; Rashkovetskyi, M. ; Ravoux, C. ; Rezaie, M. ; Rich, J.; Rocher, A. ; Rockosi, C. ; Roe, N.A.; Rosado-Marin, A.; Ross, A.J. ; Rossi, G.; Ruggeri, R. ; Ruhlmann-Kleider, V. ; Samushia, L. ; Sanchez, E. ; Saulder, C. ; Schlafly, E.F. ; Schlegel, D.; Schubnell, M.; Seo, H. ; Sharples, R. ; Silber, J. ; Slosar, A.; Smith, A. ; Sprayberry, D.; Swanson, J.; Tan, T. ; Tarlé, G. ; Trusov, S.; Vaisakh, R. ; Valcin, D. ; Valdes, F. ; Vargas-Magaña, M. ; Verde, L. ; Walther, M. ; Wang, B. ; Wang, M.S. ; Weaver, B.A.; Weaverdyck, N. ; Wechsler, R.H. ; Weinberg, D.H. ; White, M. ; Wilson, M.J.; Yu, J. ; Yu, Y. ; Yuan, S. ; Yèche, C. ; Zaborowski, E.A. ; Zarrouk, P. ; Zhang, H. ; Zhao, C. ; Zhao, R. ; Zhou, R. ; Zou, H.

We present the DESI 2024 galaxy and quasar baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) measurements using over 5.7 million unique galaxy and quasar redshifts in the range 0.1 < z < 2.1. Divided by tracer type, we utilize 300,017 galaxies from the magnitude-limited Bright Galaxy Survey with 0.1 < z < 0.4, 2,138,600 Luminous Red Galaxies with 0.4 < z < 1.1, 2,432,022 Emission Line Galaxies with 0.8 < z < 1.6, and 856,652 quasars with 0.8 < z < 2.1, over a ∼ 7,500 square degree footprint. The analysis was blinded at the catalog-level to avoid confirmation bias. All fiducial choices of the BAO fitting and reconstruction methodology, as well as the size of the systematic errors, were determined on the basis of the tests with mock catalogs and the blinded data catalogs. We present several improvements to the BAO analysis pipeline, including enhancing the BAO fitting and reconstruction methods in a more physically-motivated direction, and also present results using combinations of tracers. We employ a unified BAO analysis method across all tracers. We present a re-analysis of SDSS BOSS and eBOSS results applying the improved DESI methodology and find scatter consistent with the level of the quoted SDSS theoretical systematic uncertainties. With the total effective survey volume of ∼ 18 Gpc3, the combined precision of the BAO measurements across the six different redshift bins is ∼0.52%, marking a 1.2-fold improvement over the previous state-of-the-art results using only first-year data. We detect the BAO in all of these six redshift bins. The highest significance of BAO detection is 9.1σ at the effective redshift of 0.93, with a constraint of 0.86% placed on the BAO scale. We find that our observed BAO scales are systematically larger than the prediction of the Planck 2018-ΛCDM at z < 0.8. We translate the results into transverse comoving distance and radial Hubble distance measurements, which are used to constrain cosmological models in our companion paper.

• Research Organization: Andes U., Bogota; BCCP, Berkeley; Baltimore, Space Telescope Sci.; Barcelona, Autonoma U.; Barcelona, IEEC; Barcelona, IFAE; Barcelona, Polytechnic U.; Beihang U.; Beijing Observ.; Boston U.; Brookhaven National Lab; Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); CINVESTAV, IPN; Cambridge U., Inst. of Astron.; Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.; Chicago U., KICP; Conacyt, Mexico; Durham U.; Durham U., ICC; Ecole Polytechnique, Lausanne; Edinburgh U., Inst. Astron.; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Garching, Max Planck Inst., MPE; Granada U., Theor. Phys. Astrophys.; Guanajuato U.; Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (United States); Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.; IAC, La Laguna; ICC, Barcelona U.; ICREA, Barcelona; IRFU, Saclay; Ilia State U.; KAIST, Taejon; KASI, DaeJeon; Kansas State U.; LBNL, Berkeley; LPNHE, Paris; LPSC, Grenoble; Laguna U., Tenerife; Lick Observ.; Madrid, CIEMAT; Madrid, IFT; Marseille, Lab. Astrophys.; Mexico U., ICN; Michigan U., MCTP; Milan U.; Munich U.; Munich, Tech. U., Universe; NASA, Goddard; Natl. Solar Observ., Tucson; Ohio State U.; Ohio State U., Dept. Astron.; Ohio U., Athens; Ohio University, Athens, OH (United States); Perimeter Inst. Theor. Phys.; Pittsburgh U.; Portsmouth U., ICG; Princeton U.; Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study; Queensland U.; Rochester U.; Ruhr U., Bochum; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Sejong U.; Shanghai Jiaotong U.; Siena Coll., Loudonville; Southern Methodist U.; Stanford U., Phys. Dept.; Sussex U.; Swinburne U., Ctr. Astrophys. Supercomput.; TIFR, Mumbai, DHEP; Taiwan, Natl. Taiwan U.; Toronto U., Astron. Dept.; Tsinghua U., Beijing; U. Barcelona (main); U. Michigan, Ann Arbor; U. Texas, Dallas; UC, Berkeley; UC, Berkeley (main); UC, Irvine; UC, Santa Cruz; UC, Santa Cruz, Inst. Part. Phys.; UNAM, CCF; UNAM, Mexico; Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States); Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States); Universities Space Research Assoc.; University Coll. London; Utah U.; Waterloo U.; Wyoming U.; Yale U.
• Sponsoring Organization: Brookhaven National Lab; U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), Division of Astronomical Sciences; US Department of Energy; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
• Contributing Organization: The DESI Collaboration; The DESI collaboration
• Grant/Contract Number: 89243024CSC000002; AC02-05CH11231; SC0007881; SC0008475; SC0009959; SC0012704; SC0019193; SC0023241
• OSTI ID: 3011042
• Report Number(s): BNL-229139-2025-JAAM; FERMILAB-PUB-24-0159-PPD
• Journal Information: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Journal Issue: 04 Vol. 2025; ISSN 1475-7516
• Publisher: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English