Ligand-Functionalized Polymer Membranes for Selective Ion Separations

Ganesan, Venkat; Zofchak, Everett

doi:10.1021/acsmacrolett.5c00572

Title: Ligand-Functionalized Polymer Membranes for Selective Ion Separations

Journal Article · Mon Oct 20 00:00:00 UTC 2025 · ACS Macro Letters

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.5c00572 · OSTI ID:3007567

^[1]; Zofchak, Everett ^[1]

Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)

Selective ion separations are central to technologies spanning water purification, resource recovery, and clean energy. Conventional polymer membranes, which rely on steric hindrance or Donnan exclusion, struggle to discriminate between chemically similar ions in high-ionic-strength environments. Ligand-functionalized membranes offer a transformative strategy by embedding molecular recognition directly into polymer matrices, enabling selective complexation and transport. Here, this Viewpoint highlights the structure–function relationships underlying ligand-mediated ion separation, emphasizing the interplay of dehydration penalties, ligand coordination, and nanoscale confinement. We discuss design principles, denticity, donor identity, rigidity, and spatial organization, alongside the permeability–selectivity trade-off, multicomponent effects, and stability challenges. Finally, we outline emerging strategies, from bioinspired ligands to computationally guided design, that chart a path toward next-generation membranes for precise and energy-efficient ion separations.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0019272; SC0024394

OSTI ID:: 3007567

Journal Information:: ACS Macro Letters, Journal Name: ACS Macro Letters Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 14; ISSN 2161-1653

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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