Subnanometer Thick Native sp2 Carbon on Oxidized Diamond Surfaces

Vidrio, Ricardo; Saucedo, Cesar; Lordi, Vincenzo; Kolkowitz, Shimon; Ray, Keith G.; Hamers, Robert J.; Choy, Jennifer T.

doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c02616

Title: Subnanometer Thick Native sp² Carbon on Oxidized Diamond Surfaces

Journal Article · Wed Oct 01 00:00:00 UTC 2025 · Langmuir

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c02616 · OSTI ID:2999583

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University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI (United States)
University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI (United States); Physical Electronics, Chanhassen, MN (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)

Oxygen-terminated diamond has a wide breadth of applications, which include stabilizing near-surface color centers, semiconductor devices, and biological sensors. Despite the vast literature on characterizing functionalization groups on diamond, the chemical composition of the shallowest portion of the surface (<1 nm) is challenging to probe with conventional techniques like XPS and FTIR. In this work, we demonstrate the use of angleresolved XPS to probe the first ten nanometers of both oxygen and hydrogen terminated (100) single-crystalline diamond grown via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). With the use of consistent peakfitting methods, the peak identities and relative peak binding energies were identified for sp² carbon, ether, hydroxyl, carbonyl, and C−H groups for both of these diamond surface terminations. For the oxygen-terminated sample, we also quantified the thickness of the sp² carbon layer situated on top of the bulk sp³ diamond bonded carbon to be 0.3 ± 0.1 nm, based on the analysis of the Auger electron spectra and D-parameter calculations. These results indicate that the majority of the oxygen is bonded to the sp² carbon layer on the diamond, and not directly to the sp³ diamond bonded carbon.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States); University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; SC0020313

OSTI ID:: 2999583

Journal Information:: Langmuir, Journal Name: Langmuir Journal Issue: 40 Vol. 41; ISSN 1520-5827; ISSN 0743-7463

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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