Multiscale aperture synthesis imager

Wang, Ruihai; Zhao, Qianhao; Wang, Tianbo; Modarelli, Mitchell; Vouras, Peter; Ma, Zikun; Hong, Zhixuan; Hoshino, Kazunori; Brady, David; Zheng, Guoan

doi:10.1038/s41467-025-65661-8

Title: Multiscale aperture synthesis imager

Journal Article · Wed Nov 26 00:00:00 UTC 2025 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65661-8 · OSTI ID:2929972

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^[1]; Wang, Tianbo ^[1]; Modarelli, Mitchell ^[1];

^[2]; Ma, Zikun ^[1]; Hong, Zhixuan ^[1];

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^[3];

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Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (United States)
US Dept. of Defense, Washington, DC, (United States)
Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)

Synthetic aperture imaging has enabled breakthrough observations from radar to astronomy. However, optical implementation remains challenging due to stringent wavefield synchronization requirements among multiple receivers. Here we present the multiscale aperture synthesis imager (MASI), which utilizes parallelism to break complex optical challenges into tractable sub-problems. MASI employs a distributed array of coded sensors that operate independently yet coherently to surpass the diffraction limit of single receiver. It combines the propagated wavefields from individual sensors through a computational phase synchronization scheme, eliminating the need for overlapping measurement regions to establish phase coherence. Light diffraction in MASI naturally expands the imaging field, generating phase-contrast visualizations that are substantially larger than sensor dimensions. Without using lenses, MASI resolves sub-micron features at ultralong working distances and reconstructs 3D shapes over centimeter-scale fields. MASI transforms the intractable optical synchronization problem into a computational one, enabling practical deployment of scalable synthetic aperture systems at optical wavelengths.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science (BSS)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0025582

OSTI ID:: 2929972

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 16; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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