Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots (g‐C3N4 QDs): From Chemistry to Applications

Majdoub, Mohammed; Sengottuvelu, Dineshkumar; Nouranian, Sasan; Al‐Ostaz, Ahmed

doi:10.1002/cssc.202301462

Title: Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots (g‐C₃N₄ QDs): From Chemistry to Applications (in EN)

Journal Article · Sun Mar 03 00:00:00 UTC 2024 · ChemSusChem

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202301462 · OSTI ID:2575880

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Univ. of Mississippi, Oxford, MS (United States)

Since their emergence in 2014, graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g-C₃N₄ QDs) have attracted much interest from the scientific community due to their distinctive physicochemical features, including structural, morphological, electrochemical, and optoelectronic properties. Owing to their desirable characteristics, such as non-zero band gap, ability to be chemically functionalized or doped, possessing tunable properties, outstanding dispersibility in different media, and biocompatibility, g-C₃N₄ QDs have shown promise for photocatalysis, energy devices, sensing, bioimaging, solar cells, optoelectronics, among other applications. As these fields are rapidly evolving, it is very strenuous to pinpoint the emerging challenges of the g-C₃N₄ QDs development and application during the last decade, mainly due to the lack of critical reviews of the innovations in the g-C₃N₄ QDs synthesis pathways and domains of application. Herein, an extensive survey is conducted on the g-C₃N₄ QDs synthesis, characterization, and applications. Scenarios for the future development of g-C₃N₄ QDs and their potential applications are highlighted and discussed in detail. In conclusion, the provided critical section suggests a myriad of opportunities for g-C₃N₄ QDs, especially for their synthesis and functionalization, where a combination of eco-friendly/single step synthesis and chemical modification may be used to prepare g-C₃N₄ QDs with, for example, enhanced photoluminescence and production yields.

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Research Organization:: Jackson State Univ., Jackson, MS (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0024072

OSTI ID:: 2575880

Journal Information:: ChemSusChem, Journal Name: ChemSusChem Journal Issue: 13 Vol. 17; ISSN 1864-5631; ISSN 1864-564X

Publisher:: ChemPubSoc EuropeCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: EN

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Three-dimensional TiO₂ nanotube arrays combined with g-C₃N₄ quantum dots for visible light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production Zhang, Qi; Wang, Hua; Chen, Shuo RSC Advances, Vol. 7, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA00039A	journal	January 2017
Fabrication of graphitic-C₃N₄ quantum dots coated silicon nanowire array as a photoelectrode for vigorous degradation of 4-chlorophenol Su, Yan; Sun, Bo; Chen, Shuo RSC Advances, Vol. 7, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA00671C	journal	January 2017
Manganese(ii) enhanced fluorescent nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots: a facile and efficient synthesis and their applications for bioimaging and detection of Hg²⁺ ions Yang, Li; Qin, Aimiao; Chen, Shuoping RSC Advances, Vol. 8, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA12133D	journal	January 2018
Transition metal-coordinated graphitic carbon nitride dots as a sensitive and facile fluorescent probe for β-amyloid peptide detection Zhang, Yin; Meng, Si; Ding, Jinhua The Analyst, Vol. 144, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/C8AN01620H	journal	January 2019
Ultrathin g-C₃N₄ nanosheets coupled with amorphous Cu-doped FeOOH nanoclusters as 2D/0D heterogeneous catalysts for water remediation Zhang, Shouwei; Gao, Huihui; Huang, Yongshun Environmental Science: Nano, Vol. 5, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1039/C8EN00124C	journal	January 2018
Fabrication of PEGylated graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots as traceable, pH-sensitive drug delivery systems Dong, Jian; Zhao, Yanli; Chen, Hongyu New Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 42, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1039/C8NJ02542H	journal	January 2018
Study of the mechanoluminescence and ‘aggregation-induced emission enhancement’ properties of a new conjugated oligomer containing tetraphenylethylene in the backbone: application in the selective and sensitive detection of explosive Dineshkumar, Sengottuvelu; Laskar, Inamur Rahaman Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 9, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1039/C8PY01153B	journal	January 2018
Ag₃PO₄ nanocrystals and g-C₃N₄ quantum dots decorated Ag₂WO₄ nanorods: ternary nanoheterostructures for photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants in water Liu, Chang; Wang, Jingbo; Yang, Shuang RSC Advances, Vol. 9, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA09815H	journal	January 2019
Fluorescence–phosphorescence dual emissive carbon nitride quantum dots show 25% white emission efficiency enabling single-component WLEDs Yuan, Ting; Yuan, Fanglong; Li, Xiaohong Chemical Science, Vol. 10, Issue 42 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9SC03492G	journal	January 2019
Recent progress in g-C ₃ N ₄ quantum dots: synthesis, properties and applications in photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants Wang, Teng; Nie, Chunyang; Ao, Zhimin Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9TA11368A	journal	January 2020
Synthesis and biomedical applications of graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots Liu, Hongji; Wang, Xingyu; Wang, Hui Journal of Materials Chemistry B, Vol. 7, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9TB01410A	journal	January 2019
Microwave growth and tunable photoluminescence of nitrogen-doped graphene and carbon nitride quantum dots Gu, Siyong; Hsieh, Chien-Te; Ashraf Gandomi, Yasser Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 7, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9TC00233B	journal	January 2019
Magic-sized CdSe nanoclusters: a review on synthesis, properties and white light potential Singh, Vaibhav; More, Priyesh Vilas Materials Advances, Vol. 2, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/D0MA00921K	journal	January 2021
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Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution on dye-sensitized mesoporous carbon nitride photocatalyst with magnesium phthalocyanine Takanabe, Kazuhiro; Kamata, Kumiko; Wang, Xinchen Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1039/c0cp00611d	journal	January 2010
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Efficient synthesis of polymeric g-C3N4 layered materials as novel efficient visible light driven photocatalysts Dong, Fan; Wu, Liwen; Sun, Yanjuan Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 21, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1039/c1jm12844b	journal	January 2011
Acid-driven, microwave-assisted production of photoluminescent carbon nitride dots from N,N-dimethylformamide Liu, Sen; Wang, Lei; Tian, Jingqi RSC Advances, Vol. 1, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1039/c1ra00249j	journal	January 2011
Facile bulk production of highly blue fluorescent graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots and their application as highly selective and sensitive sensors for the detection of mercuric and iodide ions in aqueous media Barman, Sudip; Sadhukhan, Mriganka Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 22, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2jm35501a	journal	January 2012
Porous graphitic carbon nitride synthesized via direct polymerization of urea for efficient sunlight-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production Zhang, Yuewei; Liu, Jinghai; Wu, Guan Nanoscale, Vol. 4, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2nr30948c	journal	January 2012
A low-temperature solid-phase method to synthesize highly fluorescent carbon nitride dots with tunable emission Zhou, Juan; Yang, Yong; Zhang, Chun-yang Chemical Communications, Vol. 49, Issue 77 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cc42266f	journal	January 2013
Chemical exfoliation of graphitic carbon nitride for efficient heterogeneous photocatalysis Xu, Jing; Zhang, Liwu; Shi, Rui Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 1, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ta13188b	journal	January 2013
The adsorption of small size Pd clusters on a g-C₃N₄ quantum dot: DFT and TD-DFT study Hosseini, Sayyed Mahdi; Ghiaci, Mehran; Farrokhpour, Hossein Materials Research Express, Vol. 6, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab3cbd	journal	August 2019
Graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g-C₃N₄) to improve photovoltaic performance of polymer solar cell by combining Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and morphological effects Pareek, Saurabh; Waheed, Sobia; Rana, Aniket Nano Express, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959X/ab9b2f	journal	June 2020
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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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Title: Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots (g‐C3N4 QDs): From Chemistry to Applications (in EN)

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Title: Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots (g‐C₃N₄ QDs): From Chemistry to Applications (in EN)