Hempseed cell wall polysaccharides are dominated by linear xylans and cellulose: Comprehensive structural profiling of ten cultivars of industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa L.

Pandeya, Prakash Raj; Black, Ian M.; Karlen, Steven D.; Heiss, Christian; Tseng, Yen-Chang; Downie, A. Bruce; Azadi, Parastoo; Schendel, Rachel R.

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123635

Title: Hempseed cell wall polysaccharides are dominated by linear xylans and cellulose: Comprehensive structural profiling of ten cultivars of industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa L.

Journal Article · Tue Apr 22 00:00:00 UTC 2025 · Carbohydrate Polymers

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123635 · OSTI ID:2573969

Pandeya, Prakash Raj ^[1]; Black, Ian M. ^[2]; Karlen, Steven D. ^[3]; Heiss, Christian ^[2]; Tseng, Yen-Chang ^[1]; Downie, A. Bruce ^[1]; Azadi, Parastoo ^[2]; Schendel, Rachel R. ^[1]

University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States)
University of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)
University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI (United States)

Hempseed is a rich source of dietary fiber; however, there has been limited research on the variability of carbohydrate composition in hempseed cell walls. The primary aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive chemical and structural analysis of the cell wall polysaccharides in ten hempseed cultivars. Water-soluble polysaccharides (WSP) and water-insoluble residues (WIR) were isolated and subsequently analyzed for their monosaccharide composition using HPAEC-PAD, glycosyl linkage analysis using GC–MS, and structural characterization via NMR spectroscopy. All hempseed cultivars contained a high proportion of insoluble fibers and smaller amounts of soluble polysaccharides. Glucose and xylose were the most abundant components of the WIR fractions, while the WSP fractions contained abundant amounts of galactose, galacturonic acid, arabinose, rhamnose, and mannose. The results of linkage and spectroscopic analysis were consistent with the compositional analysis, identifying cellulose and acetylated linear xylans as primary components of WIR, and arabinogalactans, rhamnogalacturonans, heteromannans, xyloglucans, and arabinan as predominant in WSP. Altogether, the study revealed a comparable cell wall structure among the analyzed hemp seed varieties. The high fiber content of whole hempseed-based ingredients presents significant potential for food manufacturers seeking to develop products with enhanced dietary fiber content, offering both functional and nutritional benefits for consumers.

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Research Organization:: University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Institutes of Health (NIH); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division (CSGB); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0015662; SC0018409

OSTI ID:: 2573969

Journal Information:: Carbohydrate Polymers, Journal Name: Carbohydrate Polymers Vol. 361; ISSN 0144-8617

Publisher:: Applied Science DirectCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Hempseed cell wall polysaccharides are dominated by linear xylans and cellulose: Comprehensive structural profiling of ten cultivars of industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa L.

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