Millimeter-wave observations of Euclid Deep Field South using the South Pole Telescope: A data release of temperature maps and catalogs

Journal Article · Fri May 30 00:00:00 UTC 2025 · Astron.Astrophys.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202555798 · OSTI ID:2569189

Archipley, M. ^[1]; Hryciuk, A. ^[2]; Bleem, L. E. ^[3]; Kornoelje, K. ^[4]; Klein, M. ^[5]; Anderson, A. J. ^[6]; Ansarinejad, B. ^[7]; Aravena, M. ^[8]; Balkenhol, L. ^[9]; Barry, P. S.  ^[10]; Benabed, K. ^[9]; Bender, A. N. ^[3]; Benson, B. A. ^[6]; Bianchini, F. ^[11]; Bocquet, S. ^[5]; Bouchet, F. R. ^[9]; Camphuis, E. ^[9]; Campitiello, M. G.  ^[12]; Carlstrom, J. E.  ^[13]; Cathey, J. ^[14] ; Chang, C. L. ^[3]; Chapman, S. C. ^[15]; Chaubal, P. ^[7]; Chichura, P. M.  ^[2]; Chokshi, A. ^[16]; Chou, T.-L. ^[1]; Coerver, A. ^[17]; Crawford, T. M. ^[1]; Daley, C. ^[18]; de Haan, T. ^[19]; Deane, R. P. ^[20]; Dibert, K. R. ^[1]; Dobbs, M. A. ^[21]; Doohan, M. ^[7]; Doussot, A. ^[9]; Dutcher, D. ^[22]; Everett, W. ^[23]; Feng, C. ^[24]; Ferguson, K. R. ^[25]; Fichman, K. ^[2]; Floyd, B. ^[26]; Foster, A. ^[22]; Galli, S. ^[9]; Gambrel, A. E. ^[27]; Gardner, R. W. ^[16]; Ge, F. ^[28]; Goeckner-Wald, N. ^[29]; Gonzalez, A. ^[14]; Grandis, S. ^[30]; Greve, T. R. ^[31]; Gualtieri, R. ^[32]; Guidi, F. ^[9]; Guns, S. ^[17]; Halverson, N. W. ^[23]; Hill, R. ^[33]; Hivon, E. ^[9]; Holder, G. P. ^[24]; Holzapfel, W. L. ^[17]; Hood, J. C. ^[27]; Huang, N. ^[17]; Kéruzoré, F. ^[12]; Khalife, A. R. ^[9]; Knox, L. ^[34]; Korman, M. ^[35]; Kuo, C.-L. ^[11]; Levy, K. ^[7]; Lowitz, A. E. ^[27]; Lu, C. ^[24]; Lynch, G. P. ^[34]; Maniyar, A. ^[11]; Martsen, E. S. ^[1]; Menanteau, F. ^[36]; Millea, M. ^[17]; Montgomery, J. ^[37]; Nakato, Y. ^[38]; Natoli, T. ^[27]; Noble, G. I. ^[39]; Omori, Y. ^[1]; Ouellette, A. ^[24]; Pan, Z. ^[40]; Phadke, K. A. ^[41]; Pollak, A. W. ^[16]; Prabhu, K. ^[34]; Quan, W. ^[42]; Raghunathan, S. ^[43]; Rahimi, M. ^[7]; Rahlin, A. ^[1]; Reichardt, C. L. ^[7]; Reuter, C. ^[17]; Rouble, M. ^[37]; Ruhl, J. E. ^[35]; Schiappucci, E. ^[7]; Simpson, A. ^[1]; Sobrin, J. A. ^[44]; Stalder, B. ^[45]; Stark, A. A. ^[46]; Sulzenauer, N. ^[47]; Tandoi, C. ^[48]; Thorne, B. ^[34]; Trendafilova, C. ^[43]; Umilta, C. ^[24]; Vieira, J. D. ^[49]; Vitrier, A. ^[9]; Vizgan, D. ^[48]; Wan, Y. ^[36]; Weiß, A. ^[47]; Whitehorn, N. ^[50]; Wu, W. L.K. ^[51]; Young, M. R. ^[44]; Zebrowski, J. A. ^[52]; Zhou, D. ^[33]

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1. Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.; Chicago U., KICP
2. Chicago U., EFI; Chicago U., KICP
3. Argonne; Chicago U., KICP; Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.
4. Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.; Chicago U., KICP; Argonne
5. LMU Munich (main)
6. Fermilab; Chicago U., KICP; Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.
7. Melbourne U.
8. Diego Portales U.; Northrop-Grumman
9. Paris, Inst. Astrophys.
10. Cardiff U.
11. KIPAC, Menlo Park; Stanford U., HEPL; Stanford U.; SLAC
12. Argonne
13. Chicago U., KICP; Chicago U., EFI; Argonne; Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.
14. Florida U.
15. British Columbia U.; NRC-HIA, Victoria; Dalhousie U.
16. Chicago U., EFI
17. UC, Berkeley
18. AIM, Saclay; Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.
19. KEK, Tsukuba
20. Witwatersrand U.; Pretoria U.
21. McGill U.; Canadian Inst. Advanced Res.
22. Princeton U.
23. Colorado U.
24. Illinois U., Urbana
25. UCLA; Michigan State U.
26. Portsmouth U., ICG
27. Chicago U., KICP
28. KIPAC, Menlo Park; Stanford U., HEPL; Stanford U.; UC, Davis
29. Stanford U.; KIPAC, Menlo Park; Stanford U., HEPL
30. Innsbruck U.
31. Denmark, Tech. U.; University Coll. London
32. Argonne; Northwestern U.
33. British Columbia U.
34. UC, Davis
35. Case Western Reserve U.
36. Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.; Illinois U., Urbana (main)
37. McGill U.
38. Stanford U.
39. U. Toronto, Dunlap Inst. Astron. Astrophys.
40. Argonne; Chicago U., KICP; Chicago U., EFI
41. Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.; Illinois U., Urbana (main); SkAI, Chicago
42. Argonne; Chicago U., EFI; Chicago U., KICP
43. Illinois U., Urbana (main)
44. Fermilab; Chicago U., KICP
45. NRAO, Tucson
46. Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.
47. Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.
48. Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.
49. Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.; Illinois U., Urbana; Illinois U., Urbana (main)
50. Michigan State U.
51. KIPAC, Menlo Park; Stanford U., HEPL; SLAC
52. Chicago U., KICP; Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.; Fermilab

Context. The South Pole Telescope third-generation camera (SPT-3G) has observed over 10,000 square degrees of sky at 95, 150, and 220 GHz (3.3, 2.0, 1.4 mm, respectively) and will significantly overlap the ongoing 14,000 square-degree Euclid Wide Survey. The Euclid collaboration recently released Euclid Deep Field South (EDF-S) observations of 23 square degrees at wide field depths in the first quick data release (Q1). Aims. With the goal of releasing complementary millimeter-wave data and encouraging legacy science, we performed dedicated observations of a 57-square-degree field overlapping the EDF-S. Methods. The observing time totaled 20 days, and we reached noise depths of 4.3, 3.8, and 13.2 $$μ$$K-arcmin at 95, 150, and 220 GHz, respectively. Results. In this work we present the temperature maps and two catalogs constructed from these data. The emissive source catalog contains 601 objects (334 inside EDF-S) with 54% synchrotron-dominated sources and 46% thermal dust emission-dominated sources. The 5$$σ$$ detection thresholds are 1.7, 2.0, and 6.5 mJy in the three bands. The cluster catalog contains 217 cluster candidates (121 inside EDF-S) with median mass $$M_{500c}=2.12 \times 10^{14} M_{\odot}/h_{70}$$ and median redshift $$z$$ = 0.70, corresponding to an order-of-magnitude improvement in cluster density over previous tSZ-selected catalogs in this region (3.81 clusters per square degree). Conclusions. The overlap between SPT and Euclid data will enable a range of multiwavelength studies of the aforementioned source populations. This work serves as the first step toward joint projects between SPT and Euclid and provides a rich dataset containing information on galaxies, clusters, and their environments.

• Research Organization: AIM, Saclay; Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Bonn, Max Planck Inst., Radioastron.; British Columbia U.; Canadian Inst. Advanced Res.; Cardiff U.; Case Western Reserve U.; Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.; Chicago U., EFI; Chicago U., KICP; Colorado U.; Dalhousie U.; Denmark, Tech. U.; Diego Portales U.; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Florida U.; Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.; Illinois U., Urbana; Illinois U., Urbana (main); Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.; Innsbruck U.; KEK, Tsukuba; LMU Munich (main); McGill U.; Melbourne U.; Michigan State U.; NRAO, Tucson; NRC-HIA, Victoria; Northrop-Grumman; Northwestern U.; Paris, Inst. Astrophys.; Portsmouth U., ICG; Pretoria U.; Princeton U.; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); SkAI, Chicago; Stanford U.; Stanford U., HEPL; U. Toronto, Dunlap Inst. Astron. Astrophys.; UC, Berkeley; UC, Davis; UCLA; University Coll. London; Witwatersrand U.
• Sponsoring Organization: US Department of Energy
• Grant/Contract Number: 89243024CSC000002
• OSTI ID: 2569189
• Report Number(s): FERMILAB-PUB-25-0382-PPD; oai:inspirehep.net:2928393; arXiv:2506.00298
• Journal Information: Astron.Astrophys., Journal Name: Astron.Astrophys. Vol. 706
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English