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Title: Remotely Sensed High‐Resolution Soil Moisture and Evapotranspiration: Bridging the Gap Between Science and Society

Journal Article · · Water Resources Research
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [4];  [1]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [8]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [9]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [10];  [11]; ORCiD logo [12]; ORCiD logo [9]; ORCiD logo [13]; ORCiD logo [14]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [15] more »; ORCiD logo [9]; ORCiD logo [14]; ORCiD logo [14];  [16]; ORCiD logo [17] « less
  1. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
  2. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (United States)
  3. Univ. of Texas at El Paso, TX (United States)
  4. National Research Council (CNR), Perugia (Italy)
  5. Claremont McKenna College, Claremont, CA (United States)
  6. Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (United States)
  7. Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT (United States)
  8. Murray State University, KY (United States)
  9. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  10. International Water Management Institute (IWMI‐CGIAR), Colombo (Sri Lanka)
  11. Morehead State Univ., KY (United States)
  12. Utrecht University (Netherlands)
  13. Univ. of Hong Kong, Pokfulam (Hong Kong)
  14. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  15. Department of Earth System Science University of California Irvine CA USA
  16. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
  17. Chapman Univ., Orange, CA (United States); Hydrosat USA, Washington, DC (United States)

This paper reviews the current state of high‐resolution remotely sensed soil moisture (SM) and evapotranspiration (ET) products and modeling, and the coupling relationship between SM and ET. SM downscaling approaches for satellite passive microwave products leverage advances in artificial intelligence and high‐resolution remote sensing using visible, near‐infrared, thermal‐infrared, and synthetic aperture radar sensors. Remotely sensed ET continues to advance in spatiotemporal resolutions from MODIS to ECOSTRESS to Hydrosat and beyond. These advances enable a new understanding of bio‐geo‐physical controls and coupled feedback mechanisms between SM and ET reflecting the land cover and land use at field scale (3–30 m, daily). Still, the state‐of‐the‐science products have their challenges and limitations, which we detail across data, retrieval algorithms, and applications. We describe the roles of these data in advancing 10 application areas: drought assessment, food security, precision agriculture, soil salinization, wildfire modeling, dust monitoring, flood forecasting, urban water, energy, and ecosystem management, ecohydrology, and biodiversity conservation. We discuss that future scientific advancement should focus on developing open‐access, high‐resolution (3–30 m), sub‐daily SM and ET products, enabling the evaluation of hydrological processes at finer scales and revolutionizing the societal applications in data‐limited regions of the world, especially the Global South for socio‐economic development.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
European Space Agency (ESA); European Union (EU); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); National Science Foundation (NSF); US Army Research Office (ARO); USDA; USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Earth & Environmental Systems Science (EESS); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Earth & Environmental Systems Science (EESS)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725; AC05-76RL01830; SC0022228
OSTI ID:
2567142
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA--198309
Journal Information:
Water Resources Research, Journal Name: Water Resources Research Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 61; ISSN 1944-7973; ISSN 0043-1397
Publisher:
American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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A Review of Remote Sensing Challenges for Food Security with Respect to Salinity and Drought Threats journal December 2020
Resolution Enhancement of Remotely Sensed Land Surface Temperature: Current Status and Perspectives journal March 2021
Evapotranspiration Acquired with Remote Sensing Thermal-Based Algorithms: A State-of-the-Art Review journal July 2022
Local Scale (3-m) Soil Moisture Mapping Using SMAP and Planet SuperDove journal August 2022
Retrieval of Live Fuel Moisture Content Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data and Ensemble Deep Learning Model journal September 2022
Spatial Downscaling of Satellite-Based Soil Moisture Products Using Machine Learning Techniques: A Review journal June 2024
Downscaling of MODIS One Kilometer Evapotranspiration Using Landsat-8 Data and Machine Learning Approaches journal March 2016
Demonstrating the Potential of a Low-Cost Soil Moisture Sensor Network journal January 2022
Evaluation of Several Satellite-Based Soil Moisture Products in the Continental US journal December 2022
Earth Observation-Based Operational Estimation of Soil Moisture and Evapotranspiration for Agricultural Crops in Support of Sustainable Water Management journal January 2018
Predicting Rainfall and Runoff Through Satellite Soil Moisture Data and SWAT Modelling for a Poorly Gauged Basin in Iran journal March 2019
Microwave Radar and Radiometric Remote Sensing book January 2014
SMAP/CYGNSS EASE-Grid Soil Moisture, Version 1 dataset January 2024
The WACMOS-ET project – Part 2: Evaluation of global terrestrial evaporation data sets journal January 2016
Combining UAV-based hyperspectral imagery and machine learning algorithms for soil moisture content monitoring journal May 2019

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