Autonomous online optimization of a closed-circuit reverse osmosis system
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- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States); Geosyntec Consultants, Lakewood, CO (United States)
- Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
- Baylor University, Waco, TX (United States)
- Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States
As freshwater becomes increasingly scarce, many industrial and municipal water utilities look at premise-scale water treatment and reuse to meet water demand. Closed-circuit reverse osmosis (CCRO) has been proposed as a promising process design to do so. This sequencing batch process enables operation at higher brine salinity levels by means of a recycle flow. Optimal operation requires that the maximum salinity level at the membrane surface represents an optimal trade-off between brine disposal costs and energy efficiency. This maximum salinity level may change over time as the feed water composition changes and electricity markets fluctuate. In this article, we present the results of the experimental evaluation of an automatic technique for continuous online optimization, known as extremum seeking control. This technique has a long history in the process control community but has received little traction so far in the water industry. We modify this technique to enable its use for online optimization of CCRO, specifically to account for its sequential batch operation. We challenge the optimization schemes through several experimental tests and illustrate the advantages and drawbacks of extremum-seeking control.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- OSTI ID:
- 2502187
- Journal Information:
- Water Research. X, Journal Name: Water Research. X Vol. 26; ISSN 2589-9147
- Publisher:
- ElsevierCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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