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Title: Stabilizing high-Ni cathodes with gradient surface Ti-enrichment

Journal Article · · Chemical Engineering Journal
 [1];  [1];  [2]; ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [4]; ORCiD logo [4]; ORCiD logo [5];  [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [6];  [3]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Soochow University, Suzhou (China)
  2. Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou (China). Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO)
  3. Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
  4. National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu (Taiwan)
  5. Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II)
  6. Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou (China). Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO); Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ. (China)

High-Ni cathodes are being intensely pursued worldwide for electric vehicles and other energy-dense applications due to their high capacity and low cost. However, structural instabilities during electrochemical cycling and when subjected to thermal treatment have been the major issues hindering their practical deployment. We here report a rational design of coating-integrated-into-synthesis protocol for fabricating surface Ti-enriched LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811#Ti) material. The coating to intermediates is crucial to obtain high structural ordering, both in the bulk and surface of high-Ni cathodes, and the Ti substitute has a unique tri-valence (Ti3+) in a gradient surface distribution. Further, the simulations of projected density of states in the atomistic understanding further certify significantly enhanced stability of lattice oxygen for the NMC811 through such a Ti3+-based structure reinforcement. Consequently, the NMC811#Ti cathode delivers a high capacity up to 200mAhg-1 at 0.1 C, along with superior stabilities during air-storage and thermal treatment (up to 297°C at the fully charged state under differential scanning calorimetric measurements). The corresponding NMC811#Ti||graphite full cell exhibits a desired 83.6% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 0.5 C in a voltage range of 2.8–4.3V. This work demonstrates a delicate surface reinforcement to stabilize high-Ni cathodes for long-life and safe lithium-ion batteries.

Research Organization:
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0012704
OSTI ID:
2440593
Report Number(s):
BNL--226046-2024-JAAM
Journal Information:
Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Name: Chemical Engineering Journal Vol. 489; ISSN 1385-8947
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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