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Title: Methylotrophy in the Mire: direct and indirect routes for methane production in thawing permafrost

Journal Article · · mSystems
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [1];  [2]; ORCiD logo [3];  [4];  [5]; ORCiD logo [6];  [7];  [4]; ORCiD logo [8]; ORCiD logo [9]; ORCiD logo [4];  [9];  [2]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States)
  2. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
  3. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL)
  4. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
  5. Rochester Inst. of Technology, Rochester, NY (United States)
  6. Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States)
  7. Stockholm Univ. (Sweden)
  8. Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)
  9. Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Woolloongabba, QLD (Australia)

While wetlands are major sources of biogenic methane (CH4), our understanding of resident microbial metabolism is incomplete, which compromises the prediction of CH4 emissions under ongoing climate change. Here, we employed genome-resolved multi-omics to expand our understanding of methanogenesis in the thawing permafrost peatland of Stordalen Mire in Arctic Sweden. In quadrupling the genomic representation of the site’s methanogens and examining their encoded metabolism, we revealed that nearly 20% of the metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) encoded the potential for methylotrophic methanogenesis. Further, 27% of the transcriptionally active methanogens expressed methylotrophic genes; for Methanosarcinales and Methanobacteriales MAGs, these data indicated the use of methylated oxygen compounds (e.g., methanol), while for Methanomassiliicoccales, they primarily implicated methyl sulfides and methylamines. In addition to methanogenic methylotrophy, >1,700 bacterial MAGs across 19 phyla encoded anaerobic methylotrophic potential, with expression across 12 phyla. Metabolomic analyses revealed the presence of diverse methylated compounds in the Mire, including some known methylotrophic substrates. Active methylotrophy was observed across all stages of a permafrost thaw gradient in Stordalen, with the most frozen non-methanogenic palsa found to host bacterial methylotrophy and the partially thawed bog and fully thawed fen seen to house both methanogenic and bacterial methylotrophic activities. Methanogenesis across increasing permafrost thaw is thus revised from the sole dominance of hydrogenotrophic production and the appearance of acetoclastic at full thaw to consider the co-occurrence of methylotrophy throughout. Collectively, these findings indicate that methanogenic and bacterial methylotrophy may be an important and previously underappreciated component of carbon cycling and emissions in these rapidly changing wetland habitats.

Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL); USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Science Foundation (NSF)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-76RL01830; AC02-05CH11231; SC0023084; SC0023456
OSTI ID:
2377155
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA--189609
Journal Information:
mSystems, Journal Name: mSystems Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 9; ISSN 2379-5077
Publisher:
American Society for MicrobiologyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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