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Title: Globally optimal interferometry with lossy twin Fock probes

Abstract

Parity or quadratic spin (e.g., J z 2 ) readouts of a Mach–Zehnder (MZ) interferometer probed with a twin Fock (TF) input state allow saturating the optimal sensitivity attainable among all mode-separable states with a fixed total number of particles but only when the interferometer phase θ is near zero. When more general Dicke state probes are used, the parity readout saturates the quantum Fisher information (QFI) at θ = 0, whereas better-than-standard quantum limit performance of the J z 2 readout is restricted to an o ( N ) occupation imbalance. We show that a method of moments readout of two quadratic spin observables J z 2 and J + 2 + J − 2 is globally optimal for Dicke state probes; i.e., the error saturates the QFI for all θ . In the lossy setting, we derive the time-inhomogeneous Markov process describing the effect of particle loss on TF states, showing that the method of moments readout of four at-most-quadratic spin observables is sufficient for globally optimal estimation of θ when two or more particles are lost. The analysis culminates in a numerical calculation of the QFI matrix for distributed MZ interferometry on the four-mode state | N 4 , N 4 , N 4 , N 4 〉 and its lossy counterparts, showing that an advantage for the estimation of any linear function of the local MZ phases θ 1 and θ 2 (compared to independent probing of the MZ phases by two copies of | N 4 , N 4 〉 ) appears when more than one particle is lost.

Authors:
;
Publication Date:
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
2326107
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Frontiers in Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Frontiers in Physics Journal Volume: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 2296-424X
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Country of Publication:
Switzerland
Language:
English

Citation Formats

Volkoff, T. J., and Ryu, Changhyun. Globally optimal interferometry with lossy twin Fock probes. Switzerland: N. p., 2024. Web. doi:10.3389/fphy.2024.1369786.
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Volkoff, T. J., & Ryu, Changhyun. Globally optimal interferometry with lossy twin Fock probes. Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2024.1369786
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Volkoff, T. J., and Ryu, Changhyun. Wed . "Globally optimal interferometry with lossy twin Fock probes". Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2024.1369786.
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@article{osti_2326107,
title = {Globally optimal interferometry with lossy twin Fock probes},
author = {Volkoff, T. J. and Ryu, Changhyun},
abstractNote = {Parity or quadratic spin (e.g., J z 2 ) readouts of a Mach–Zehnder (MZ) interferometer probed with a twin Fock (TF) input state allow saturating the optimal sensitivity attainable among all mode-separable states with a fixed total number of particles but only when the interferometer phase θ is near zero. When more general Dicke state probes are used, the parity readout saturates the quantum Fisher information (QFI) at θ = 0, whereas better-than-standard quantum limit performance of the J z 2 readout is restricted to an o ( N ) occupation imbalance. We show that a method of moments readout of two quadratic spin observables J z 2 and J + 2 + J − 2 is globally optimal for Dicke state probes; i.e., the error saturates the QFI for all θ . In the lossy setting, we derive the time-inhomogeneous Markov process describing the effect of particle loss on TF states, showing that the method of moments readout of four at-most-quadratic spin observables is sufficient for globally optimal estimation of θ when two or more particles are lost. The analysis culminates in a numerical calculation of the QFI matrix for distributed MZ interferometry on the four-mode state | N 4 , N 4 , N 4 , N 4 〉 and its lossy counterparts, showing that an advantage for the estimation of any linear function of the local MZ phases θ 1 and θ 2 (compared to independent probing of the MZ phases by two copies of | N 4 , N 4 〉 ) appears when more than one particle is lost.},
doi = {10.3389/fphy.2024.1369786},
journal = {Frontiers in Physics},
number = ,
volume = 12,
place = {Switzerland},
year = {Wed Mar 20 00:00:00 EDT 2024},
month = {Wed Mar 20 00:00:00 EDT 2024}
}
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https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2024.1369786
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