GENESIS: Gamma Energy Neutron Energy Spectrometer for Inelastic Scattering

Gordon, J. M.; Batchelder, J. C.; Bernstein, Lee A.; Bleuel, D. L.; Brand, C. A.; Brown, J. A.; Goldblum, B. L.; Frandsen, B. G.; Laplace, T. A.; Nagel, T.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2024.169120

This content will become publicly available on Mon Jan 20 00:00:00 EST 2025

Title: GENESIS: Gamma Energy Neutron Energy Spectrometer for Inelastic Scattering

Abstract

Improved neutron inelastic scattering cross section data are needed to inform integral benchmark studies and advance applications in a wide variety of areas including nuclear energy, stockpile stewardship, nonproliferation, and space exploration. Neutron inelastic scattering also serves as a non-selective probe of low-lying nuclear structure. To help meet these needs, the Gamma Energy Neutron Energy Spectrometer for Inelastic Scattering (GENESIS) was constructed at the 88-Inch Cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. This array couples high-resolution γ-ray detectors and fast neutron detectors to achieve single and coincident n/γ detection over a broad energy range. The current configuration of the array includes 26 organic liquid scintillators and four high-purity germanium detectors (two single-crystal and two four-crystal CLOVER detectors with two-fold segmentation). The array was constructed with minimal supporting material and designed to cover a wide range of secondary particle angles and energies with limited inter-element scattering. Data acquisition is accomplished using Mesytec MDPP-16 multi-channel high-resolution digital pulse processing modules. The array characteristics, including γ-ray and neutron energy resolution, timing resolution, and detection efficiency were measured and used to validate a Geant4 model of the array. Furthermore, the primary sources of neutron background and the uncertainties in the determination of incident and secondarymore »« less

Authors:

^[1]; Batchelder, J. C. ^[1];

^[2];

^[3];

^[4];

^[1];

^[2];

^[5];

^[1]; Nagel, T. ^[1]

University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH (United States)

Publication Date:: Sat Jan 20 00:00:00 EST 2024

Research Org.:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Programs (DP); USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE)

OSTI Identifier:: 2320397

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 2283123

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0004064; AC02-05CH11231; AC52-07NA27344; NA0003180; NA0003996

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 1061; Journal ID: ISSN 0168-9002

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; Nuclear data; Neutron inelastic cross sections; gamma-ray production; Neutron\ production

Citation Formats


                    Gordon, J. M., Batchelder, J. C., Bernstein, Lee A., Bleuel, D. L., Brand, C. A., Brown, J. A., Goldblum, B. L., Frandsen, B. G., Laplace, T. A., and Nagel, T. GENESIS: Gamma Energy Neutron Energy Spectrometer for Inelastic Scattering.  United States: N. p., 2024. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.nima.2024.169120.

Copy to clipboard


                    Gordon, J. M., Batchelder, J. C., Bernstein, Lee A., Bleuel, D. L., Brand, C. A., Brown, J. A., Goldblum, B. L., Frandsen, B. G., Laplace, T. A., & Nagel, T. GENESIS: Gamma Energy Neutron Energy Spectrometer for Inelastic Scattering.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2024.169120

Copy to clipboard


                    Gordon, J. M., Batchelder, J. C., Bernstein, Lee A., Bleuel, D. L., Brand, C. A., Brown, J. A., Goldblum, B. L., Frandsen, B. G., Laplace, T. A., and Nagel, T. Sat .  
"GENESIS: Gamma Energy Neutron Energy Spectrometer for Inelastic Scattering".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2024.169120.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_2320397,

  title        = {GENESIS: Gamma Energy Neutron Energy Spectrometer for Inelastic Scattering},

  author       = {Gordon, J. M. and Batchelder, J. C. and Bernstein, Lee A. and Bleuel, D. L. and Brand, C. A. and Brown, J. A. and Goldblum, B. L. and Frandsen, B. G. and Laplace, T. A. and Nagel, T.},

  abstractNote = {Improved neutron inelastic scattering cross section data are needed to inform integral benchmark studies and advance applications in a wide variety of areas including nuclear energy, stockpile stewardship, nonproliferation, and space exploration. Neutron inelastic scattering also serves as a non-selective probe of low-lying nuclear structure. To help meet these needs, the Gamma Energy Neutron Energy Spectrometer for Inelastic Scattering (GENESIS) was constructed at the 88-Inch Cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. This array couples high-resolution γ-ray detectors and fast neutron detectors to achieve single and coincident n/γ detection over a broad energy range. The current configuration of the array includes 26 organic liquid scintillators and four high-purity germanium detectors (two single-crystal and two four-crystal CLOVER detectors with two-fold segmentation). The array was constructed with minimal supporting material and designed to cover a wide range of secondary particle angles and energies with limited inter-element scattering. Data acquisition is accomplished using Mesytec MDPP-16 multi-channel high-resolution digital pulse processing modules. The array characteristics, including γ-ray and neutron energy resolution, timing resolution, and detection efficiency were measured and used to validate a Geant4 model of the array. Furthermore, the primary sources of neutron background and the uncertainties in the determination of incident and secondary neutron energy were assessed. GENESIS provides a new capability to address nuclear data needs and facilitates the advancement of a wide range of nuclear applications.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.nima.2024.169120},

  journal      = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A, Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 1061,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sat Jan 20 00:00:00 EST 2024},

  month        = {Sat Jan 20 00:00:00 EST 2024}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

This content will become publicly available on January 20, 2025

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2024.169120

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Rattling nucleons: New developments in active interrogation of special nuclear material
journal, January 2012

Runkle, Robert C.; Chichester, David L.; Thompson, Scott J.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 663, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2011.09.052

Performance evaluation of an energy tuning assembly for neutron spectral shaping
journal, April 2019

Bevins, James E.; Sweger, Z.; Munshi, N.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 923
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2019.01.049

Characteristics of an intense neutron source based on the d+Be reaction
journal, August 1977

Saltmarsh, M. J.; Ludemann, C. A.; Fulmer, C. B.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods, Vol. 145, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(77)90559-6

Light output response of KamLAND liquid scintillator for protons and 12C nuclei
journal, October 2010

Yoshida, S.; Ebihara, T.; Yano, T.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 622, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2010.07.087

Recent developments in Geant4
journal, November 2016

Allison, J.; Amako, K.; Apostolakis, J.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 835
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2016.06.125

New Standard Evaluated Neutron Cross Section Libraries for the GEANT4 Code and First Verification
journal, August 2014

Mendoza, Emilio; Cano-Ott, Daniel; Koi, Tatsumi
IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Vol. 61, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2014.2335538

Quasi-differential neutron scattering from 238U from 0.5 to 20 MeV
journal, November 2014

Daskalakis, A. M.; Bahran, R. M.; Blain, E. J.
Annals of Nuclear Energy, Vol. 73
DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2014.07.023

The Clover: a new generation of composite Ge detectors
journal, August 1999

Duchêne, G.; Beck, F. A.; Twin, P. J.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 432, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00277-6

Comparative scintillation performance of EJ-309, EJ-276, and a novel organic glass
journal, November 2020

Laplace, T. A.; Goldblum, B. L.; Bevins, J. E.
Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 15, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/15/11/P11020

Modeling ionization quenching in organic scintillators
journal, January 2022

Laplace, Thibault A.; Goldblum, Bethany L.; Brown, Joshua A.
Materials Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 14
DOI: 10.1039/D2MA00388K

The Production of High Energy Neutrons by Stripping
journal, December 1947

Serber, R.
Physical Review, Vol. 72, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRev.72.1008

Thick target neutron yields and spectral distributions from the 7Li(pd, n) and 9Be(pd, n) reactions
journal, June 1977

Lone, M. A.; Bigham, C. B.; Fraser, J. S.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods, Vol. 143, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(77)90616-4

Neutron Spectroscopy for pulsed beams with frame overlap using a double time-of-flight technique
journal, January 2018

Harrig, K. P.; Goldblum, B. L.; Brown, J. A.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 877
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2017.09.051

Our Future Nuclear Data Needs
journal, October 2019

Bernstein, Lee A.; Brown, David A.; Koning, Arjan J.
Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 69, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nucl-101918-023708

Characterization of a tunable quasi-monoenergetic neutron beam from deuteron breakup
journal, August 2007

Bleuel, D. L.; McMahan, M. A.; Ahle, L.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 261, Issue 1-2
DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.125

Neutron Spectra from Deuteron Bombardment of D, Li, Be, and C
journal, September 1973

Weaver, K. A.; Anderson, J. D.; Barschall, H. H.
Nuclear Science and Engineering, Vol. 52, Issue 1
DOI: 10.13182/NSE73-A23287

Geant4—a simulation toolkit
journal, July 2003

Agostinelli, S.; Allison, J.; Amako, K.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 506, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01368-8

The 88-Inch Cyclotron: A one-stop facility for electronics radiation and detector testing
journal, October 2018

Kireeff Covo, M.; Albright, R. A.; Ninemire, B. F.
Measurement, Vol. 127
DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2017.10.018

Numerical integration of detector response functions via Monte Carlo simulations
journal, September 2017

Kelly, K. J.; O’Donnell, J. M.; Gomez, J. A.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 866
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2017.05.048

Fast neutron production with 54 MeV deuterons
journal, August 1967

Schweimer, G. W.
Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 100, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/0375-9474(67)90122-4

Cross section and neutron angular distribution measurements of neutron scattering on natural iron
journal, February 2019

Pirovano, E.; Beyer, R.; Dietz, M.
Physical Review C, Vol. 99, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.99.024601

Proton light yield in organic scintillators using a double time-of-flight technique
journal, July 2018

Brown, J. A.; Goldblum, B. L.; Laplace, T. A.
Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 124, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1063/1.5039632

The effect of correlations in the efficiency calibration of germanium detectors
journal, October 1984

Debertin, K.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 226, Issue 2-3
DOI: 10.1016/0168-9002(84)90084-6

Fast neutron yields and spectra from targets of varying atomic number bombarded with deuterons from 16 to 50 MeV (for radiobiology and radiotherapy)
journal, March 1975

Meulders, J. P.; Leleux, P.; Macq, P. C.
Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 20, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/20/2/005

Gamma-calibration of NE 213 scintillation counters
journal, March 1982

Dietze, G.; Klein, H.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Vol. 193, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(82)90249-X

Precision measurement of relative $γ$ -ray intensities from the decay of 61Cu
journal, April 2021

Bleuel, D. L.; Bernstein, L. A.; Marsh, R. A.
Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Vol. 170
DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109625

Reanalysis of 239Pu Prompt Fission Neutron Spectra
journal, January 2015

Granier, Thierry
Physics Procedia, Vol. 64
DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2015.04.025

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Conceptual design of a hybrid neutron-gamma detector for study of β-delayed neutrons at the RIB facility of RIKEN

Journal Article Tarifeño-Saldivia, A. ; Tain, J. L. ; Domingo-Pardo, C. ; ... - Journal of Instrumentation

Here, the conceptual design of the BRIKEN neutron detector at the radioactive ion beam factory (RIBF) of the RIKEN Nishina Center is reported. The BRIKEN setup is a complex system aimed at detecting heavy-ion implants, β particles, γ rays and β-delayed neutrons. The whole setup includes the Advanced Implantation Detection Array (AIDA), two HPGe Clover detectors and up to 166 ³He-filled counters embedded in a high-density polyethylene moderator. The design is quite complex due to the large number and different types of ³He-tubes involved and the additional constraints introduced by the ancillary detectors for charged particles and γ rays. Thismore »« less
Cited by 24
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/12/04/P04006

Full Text Available
Correlated $$\ n-γ$$ angular distributions from the $$\ Q$$ = 4.4398 MeV ¹²C ($$\ n, n' γ$$) reaction for incident neutron energies from 6.5 MeV to 16.5 MeV

Journal Article Kelly, K. J. ; Devlin, M. ; O'Donnell, J. M. ; ... - Physical Review. C

Neutron scattering cross sections and angular distributions represent one of the most glaring sources of uncertainty in calculations of nuclear systems. Even simple nuclei like ¹²C show indications of errors in nuclear databases for scattering reactions. Measurements of inelastic neutron scattering have historically measured either the scattered neutrons or the nuclear deexcitationmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.104.064614

Full Text Available
C$$^{7}$$LYC: A New Scintillator for Fast Neutron Spectroscopy

Journal Article Chowdhury, P. - Acta Physica Polonica. Series B

The scintillator Cs₂LiYCl₆ (CLYC) has emerged as a versatile detector for both gammas and neutrons, with excellent pulse shape discrimination. Originally developed as a thermal neutron counter, the discovery of its unexpected and unprecedented ~10% pulse height resolution for fast neutrons in the few MeV range has prompted studies to benchmark its use in low-energy nuclear science and applications. Since the typical long time-of-flight arms are not needed for achieving good energy resolution, geometrical efficiency can be enhanced by positioning the detectors much closer to the target. We have constructed a 16-element array of 1” × 1”7Li-enriched C⁷LYC, to eliminatemore »« less
https://doi.org/10.5506/aphyspolb.50.339

Full Text Available
Detection of gamma-neutron radiation by solid-state scintillation detectors. Detection of gamma-neutron radiation by novel solid-state scintillation detectors

Conference Ryzhikov, V. ; Grinyov, B. ; Piven, L. ; ...

It is known that solid-state scintillators can be used for detection of both gamma radiation and neutron flux. In the past, neutron detection efficiencies of such solid-state scintillators did not exceed 5-7%. At the same time it is known that the detection efficiency of the gamma-neutron radiation characteristic of nuclear fissionable materials is by an order of magnitude higher than the efficiency of detection of neutron fluxes alone. Thus, an important objective is the creation of detection systems that are both highly efficient in gamma-neutron detection and also capable of exhibiting high gamma suppression for use in the role ofmore »« less
Second Report of the Nuclear Data Subcommittee of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee

Technical Report Bernstein, Lee A. ; Bostelmann, Friederike ; Carpenter, Mike ; ...

The central importance of the nuclear data curated by the US Nuclear Data Program (USNDP) for clean energy generation, national security, nonproliferation, medical applications, and space exploration as well as basic science was described in a prior report issued by the DOE/NSF Nuclear Science Advisory Committee subcommittee on Nuclear Data (NSAC-ND) in September 2022. In this report, we present a set of fourteen (14) recommendations that will enhance and advance DOE-NP's stewardship of nuclear data. The first three recommendations focus on the existing core USNDP capabilities, namely: 1) Support the nuclear structure evaluation workforce to improve the currency, consistency, andmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/1959550

Full Text Available

Similar Records

This content will become publicly available on Mon Jan 20 00:00:00 EST 2025

Title: GENESIS: Gamma Energy Neutron Energy Spectrometer for Inelastic Scattering

Abstract

Citation Formats

Rattling nucleons: New developments in active interrogation of special nuclear material journal, January 2012

Performance evaluation of an energy tuning assembly for neutron spectral shaping journal, April 2019

Characteristics of an intense neutron source based on the d+Be reaction journal, August 1977

Light output response of KamLAND liquid scintillator for protons and 12C nuclei journal, October 2010

Recent developments in Geant4 journal, November 2016

New Standard Evaluated Neutron Cross Section Libraries for the GEANT4 Code and First Verification journal, August 2014

Quasi-differential neutron scattering from 238U from 0.5 to 20 MeV journal, November 2014

The Clover: a new generation of composite Ge detectors journal, August 1999

Comparative scintillation performance of EJ-309, EJ-276, and a novel organic glass journal, November 2020

Modeling ionization quenching in organic scintillators journal, January 2022

The Production of High Energy Neutrons by Stripping journal, December 1947

Thick target neutron yields and spectral distributions from the 7Li(pd, n) and 9Be(pd, n) reactions journal, June 1977

Neutron Spectroscopy for pulsed beams with frame overlap using a double time-of-flight technique journal, January 2018

Our Future Nuclear Data Needs journal, October 2019

Characterization of a tunable quasi-monoenergetic neutron beam from deuteron breakup journal, August 2007

Neutron Spectra from Deuteron Bombardment of D, Li, Be, and C journal, September 1973

Geant4—a simulation toolkit journal, July 2003

The 88-Inch Cyclotron: A one-stop facility for electronics radiation and detector testing journal, October 2018

Numerical integration of detector response functions via Monte Carlo simulations journal, September 2017

Fast neutron production with 54 MeV deuterons journal, August 1967

Cross section and neutron angular distribution measurements of neutron scattering on natural iron journal, February 2019

Proton light yield in organic scintillators using a double time-of-flight technique journal, July 2018

The effect of correlations in the efficiency calibration of germanium detectors journal, October 1984

Fast neutron yields and spectra from targets of varying atomic number bombarded with deuterons from 16 to 50 MeV (for radiobiology and radiotherapy) journal, March 1975

Gamma-calibration of NE 213 scintillation counters journal, March 1982

Precision measurement of relative γ -ray intensities from the decay of 61Cu journal, April 2021

Reanalysis of 239Pu Prompt Fission Neutron Spectra journal, January 2015

Rattling nucleons: New developments in active interrogation of special nuclear material
journal, January 2012

Performance evaluation of an energy tuning assembly for neutron spectral shaping
journal, April 2019

Characteristics of an intense neutron source based on the d+Be reaction
journal, August 1977

Light output response of KamLAND liquid scintillator for protons and 12C nuclei
journal, October 2010

Recent developments in Geant4
journal, November 2016

New Standard Evaluated Neutron Cross Section Libraries for the GEANT4 Code and First Verification
journal, August 2014

Quasi-differential neutron scattering from 238U from 0.5 to 20 MeV
journal, November 2014

The Clover: a new generation of composite Ge detectors
journal, August 1999

Comparative scintillation performance of EJ-309, EJ-276, and a novel organic glass
journal, November 2020

Modeling ionization quenching in organic scintillators
journal, January 2022

The Production of High Energy Neutrons by Stripping
journal, December 1947

Thick target neutron yields and spectral distributions from the 7Li(pd, n) and 9Be(pd, n) reactions
journal, June 1977

Neutron Spectroscopy for pulsed beams with frame overlap using a double time-of-flight technique
journal, January 2018

Our Future Nuclear Data Needs
journal, October 2019

Characterization of a tunable quasi-monoenergetic neutron beam from deuteron breakup
journal, August 2007

Neutron Spectra from Deuteron Bombardment of D, Li, Be, and C
journal, September 1973

Geant4—a simulation toolkit
journal, July 2003

The 88-Inch Cyclotron: A one-stop facility for electronics radiation and detector testing
journal, October 2018

Numerical integration of detector response functions via Monte Carlo simulations
journal, September 2017

Fast neutron production with 54 MeV deuterons
journal, August 1967

Cross section and neutron angular distribution measurements of neutron scattering on natural iron
journal, February 2019

Proton light yield in organic scintillators using a double time-of-flight technique
journal, July 2018

The effect of correlations in the efficiency calibration of germanium detectors
journal, October 1984

Fast neutron yields and spectra from targets of varying atomic number bombarded with deuterons from 16 to 50 MeV (for radiobiology and radiotherapy)
journal, March 1975

Gamma-calibration of NE 213 scintillation counters
journal, March 1982

Precision measurement of relative $γ$ -ray intensities from the decay of 61Cu
journal, April 2021

Reanalysis of 239Pu Prompt Fission Neutron Spectra
journal, January 2015