Magnetic Field Enhancement of Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Electron Donor–Acceptor Exciplex
Abstract
Reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) from triplet to singlet states has been recently introduced to photophysics of organic chromophores. One type of RISC occurs in donor (D)–acceptor (A) composites that form an exciplex manifold in which the energy difference, Δ E ST between the lowest singlet (S 1 ) and triplet (T 1 ) levels of the exciplex is small (<100 meV) thus allowing RISC at room temperature. This adds a delayed component to the photoluminescence emission that is widely known as thermally activated delayed fluorescence. Here, it is found that the electroluminescence in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLED) based on electron D–A exciplex is significantly enhanced (up to ≈40%) by applying magnetic field, due to the existence of an additional spin‐mixing channel between singlet and triplet states in the exciplex. The large magneto‐electroluminescence (MEL) in N , N , N ′, N ′‐tetrakis(4‐methoxyphenyl)benzidine: tris‐[3‐(3‐pyridyl)mesityl]borane [D–A] based OLEDs is demonstrated. These results are supported by magneto‐photoluminescence (MPL) measurements, and density functional theory calculations. Importantly, it is found that both MEL and MPL are thermally activated indicating the dominant role of the RISC process. The MEL( B ) response using the Δ g mechanism is analyzed, where the electron and hole g ‐valuesmore »
- Authors:
-
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Samsung Electronics, Co., Ltd. 130 Samsung‐ro, Yeongtong‐gu Suwon‐si Gyeonggi‐do 443‐803 Korea
- Publication Date:
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 2279220
- Resource Type:
- Publisher's Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Advanced Electronic Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Advanced Electronic Materials Journal Volume: 2 Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2199-160X
- Publisher:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Citation Formats
Basel, Tek, Sun, Dali, Baniya, Sangita, McLaughlin, Ryan, Choi, Hyeonho, Kwon, Ohyun, and Vardeny, Z. Valy. Magnetic Field Enhancement of Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Electron Donor–Acceptor Exciplex. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1002/aelm.201500248.
Basel, Tek, Sun, Dali, Baniya, Sangita, McLaughlin, Ryan, Choi, Hyeonho, Kwon, Ohyun, & Vardeny, Z. Valy. Magnetic Field Enhancement of Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Electron Donor–Acceptor Exciplex. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201500248
Basel, Tek, Sun, Dali, Baniya, Sangita, McLaughlin, Ryan, Choi, Hyeonho, Kwon, Ohyun, and Vardeny, Z. Valy. Tue .
"Magnetic Field Enhancement of Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Electron Donor–Acceptor Exciplex". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201500248.
@article{osti_2279220,
title = {Magnetic Field Enhancement of Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Electron Donor–Acceptor Exciplex},
author = {Basel, Tek and Sun, Dali and Baniya, Sangita and McLaughlin, Ryan and Choi, Hyeonho and Kwon, Ohyun and Vardeny, Z. Valy},
abstractNote = {Reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) from triplet to singlet states has been recently introduced to photophysics of organic chromophores. One type of RISC occurs in donor (D)–acceptor (A) composites that form an exciplex manifold in which the energy difference, Δ E ST between the lowest singlet (S 1 ) and triplet (T 1 ) levels of the exciplex is small (<100 meV) thus allowing RISC at room temperature. This adds a delayed component to the photoluminescence emission that is widely known as thermally activated delayed fluorescence. Here, it is found that the electroluminescence in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLED) based on electron D–A exciplex is significantly enhanced (up to ≈40%) by applying magnetic field, due to the existence of an additional spin‐mixing channel between singlet and triplet states in the exciplex. The large magneto‐electroluminescence (MEL) in N , N , N ′, N ′‐tetrakis(4‐methoxyphenyl)benzidine: tris‐[3‐(3‐pyridyl)mesityl]borane [D–A] based OLEDs is demonstrated. These results are supported by magneto‐photoluminescence (MPL) measurements, and density functional theory calculations. Importantly, it is found that both MEL and MPL are thermally activated indicating the dominant role of the RISC process. The MEL( B ) response using the Δ g mechanism is analyzed, where the electron and hole g ‐values are different from each other because they reside in different molecules.},
doi = {10.1002/aelm.201500248},
journal = {Advanced Electronic Materials},
number = 2,
volume = 2,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Nov 17 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Tue Nov 17 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201500248
https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201500248
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Traps and trions as origin of magnetoresistance in organic semiconductors
journal, July 2013
- Cox, M.; Janssen, P.; Zhu, F.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 3
Spin-Spin Interactions in Organic Magnetoresistance Probed by Angle-Dependent Measurements
journal, May 2011
- Wagemans, W.; Schellekens, A. J.; Kemper, M.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 19
Highly efficient organic light-emitting diodes from delayed fluorescence
journal, December 2012
- Uoyama, Hiroki; Goushi, Kenichi; Shizu, Katsuyuki
- Nature, Vol. 492, Issue 7428
Excitonic singlet-triplet ratio in a semiconducting organic thin film
journal, November 1999
- Baldo, M. A.; O’Brien, D. F.; Thompson, M. E.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 60, Issue 20
Molecular silverware. I. General solutions to excluded volume constrained problems
journal, March 1991
- Blanco, Mario
- Journal of Computational Chemistry, Vol. 12, Issue 2
Effects of Magnetic Field on Conductance and Electroluminescence in Organic Devices
journal, June 2012
- Ehrenfreund, Eitan; Vardeny, Zeev Valy
- Israel Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 52, Issue 6
High-Efficiency Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Devices Using Sensitizing Hosts with a Small Singlet-Triplet Exchange Energy
journal, June 2014
- Zhang, Dongdong; Duan, Lian; Li, Chen
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 29
Evidence of the Reverse Intersystem Crossing in Intra‐Molecular Charge‐Transfer Fluorescence‐Based Organic Light‐Emitting Devices Through Magneto‐Electroluminescence Measurements
journal, April 2013
- Peng, Qiming; Li, Weijun; Zhang, Shitong
- Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 5
Application of molecular simulation to derive phase diagrams of binary mixtures
journal, July 1992
- Fan, Cun Feng; Olafson, Barry D.; Blanco, Mario
- Macromolecules, Vol. 25, Issue 14
Magnetic field effects in chemical kinetics and related phenomena
journal, January 1989
- Steiner, Ulrich E.; Ulrich, Thomas
- Chemical Reviews, Vol. 89, Issue 1
High-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes with fluorescent emitters
journal, May 2014
- Nakanotani, Hajime; Higuchi, Takahiro; Furukawa, Taro
- Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Spectrally resolved hyperfine interactions between polaron and nuclear spins in organic light emitting diodes: Magneto-electroluminescence studies
journal, October 2014
- Crooker, S. A.; Liu, F.; Kelley, M. R.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 15
Energy splitting between triplet and singlet exciplex states determined with E-type delayed fluorescence
journal, July 2008
- Frederichs, Bernd; Staerk, Hubert
- Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 460, Issue 1-3
Magnetic field effects in hybrid perovskite devices
journal, March 2015
- Zhang, C.; Sun, D.; Sheng, C-X.
- Nature Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 5
Highly efficient white organic light-emitting diode
journal, March 2006
- Krummacher, Benjamin C.; Choong, Vi-En; Mathai, Mathew K.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 88, Issue 11
Triplet Harvesting with 100% Efficiency by Way of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence in Charge Transfer OLED Emitters
journal, May 2013
- Dias, Fernando B.; Bourdakos, Konstantinos N.; Jankus, Vygintas
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 27
Magnetic-Field Dependence of the Electroluminescence of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes: A Competition between Exciton Formation and Spin Mixing
journal, May 2011
- Kersten, S. P.; Schellekens, A. J.; Koopmans, B.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 19
Hyperfine interaction and magnetoresistance in organic semiconductors
journal, July 2006
- Sheng, Y.; Nguyen, T. D.; Veeraraghavan, G.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 74, Issue 4
Isotope effect in spin response of π-conjugated polymer films and devices
journal, February 2010
- Nguyen, Tho D.; Hukic-Markosian, Golda; Wang, Fujian
- Nature Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 4
Magnetoresistance and efficiency measurements of -based OLEDs
journal, March 2007
- Desai, Pratik; Shakya, P.; Kreouzis, T.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 75, Issue 9
Anisotropic magnetoconductance in polymer thin films
journal, May 2014
- Cox, M.; Zhu, F.; Veerhoek, J. M.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 89, Issue 19
Anomalous room temperature magnetoresistance in organic semiconductors
journal, May 2006
- Prigodin, V. N.; Bergeson, J. D.; Lincoln, D. M.
- Synthetic Metals, Vol. 156, Issue 9-10
Organic light-emitting diodes employing efficient reverse intersystem crossing for triplet-to-singlet state conversion
journal, March 2012
- Goushi, Kenichi; Yoshida, Kou; Sato, Keigo
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 6, Issue 4
Highly Efficient TADF OLEDs: How the Emitter-Host Interaction Controls Both the Excited State Species and Electrical Properties of the Devices to Achieve Near 100% Triplet Harvesting and High Efficiency
journal, August 2014
- Jankus, Vygintas; Data, Przemyslaw; Graves, David
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 24, Issue 39
Thermally activated singlet exciton fission observed in rubrene doped organic films
journal, February 2014
- Zhang, Yong; Lei, Yanlian; Zhang, Qiaoming
- Organic Electronics, Vol. 15, Issue 2
Stable inverted small molecular organic solar cells using a p-doped optical spacer
journal, January 2015
- Lee, Sang-Hoon; Seo, Ji-Won; Lee, Jung-Yong
- Nanoscale, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Spin in organics: a new route to spintronics
journal, September 2011
- Koopmans, Bert; Wagemans, Wiebe; Bloom, Francisco L.
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 369, Issue 1951
Short-lived charge-transfer excitons in organic photovoltaic cells studied by high-field magneto-photocurrent
journal, July 2014
- Devir-Wolfman, Ayeleth H.; Khachatryan, Bagrat; Gautam, Bhoj R.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Triplet Energies of -Conjugated Polymers
journal, February 2001
- Monkman, A. P.; Burrows, H. D.; Hartwell, L. J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 86, Issue 7
Magnetic-Field Effects in Organic Semiconducting Materials and Devices
journal, April 2009
- Hu, Bin; Yan, Liang; Shao, Ming
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 21, Issue 14-15
Large magnetoresistance in nonmagnetic -conjugated semiconductor thin film devices
journal, November 2005
- Mermer, Ö.; Veeraraghavan, G.; Francis, T. L.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 72, Issue 20
The contribution of triplet–triplet annihilation to the lifetime and efficiency of fluorescent polymer organic light emitting diodes
journal, April 2011
- King, S. M.; Cass, M.; Pintani, M.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 109, Issue 7
Efficient up-conversion of triplet excitons into a singlet state and its application for organic light emitting diodes
journal, February 2011
- Endo, Ayataka; Sato, Keigo; Yoshimura, Kazuaki
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 8
Magnetic field effect on excited-state spectroscopies of -conjugated polymer films
journal, May 2012
- Gautam, Bhoj R.; Nguyen, Tho D.; Ehrenfreund, Eitan
- Physical Review B, Vol. 85, Issue 20
Spin-Polarized Light-Emitting Diode Based on an Organic Bipolar Spin Valve
journal, July 2012
- Nguyen, T. D.; Ehrenfreund, E.; Vardeny, Z. V.
- Science, Vol. 337, Issue 6091
Triplet annihilation exceeding spin statistical limit in highly efficient fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes
journal, December 2009
- Kondakov, D. Y.; Pawlik, T. D.; Hatwar, T. K.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 106, Issue 12
Control of exciton spin statistics through spin polarization in organic optoelectronic devices
journal, January 2012
- Wang, Jianpu; Chepelianskii, Alexei; Gao, Feng
- Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Inversion of Magnetoresistance in Organic Semiconductors
journal, February 2008
- Bergeson, J. D.; Prigodin, V. N.; Lincoln, D. M.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 6