Holographic Nano‐Imaging of Terahertz Dirac Plasmon Polaritons in Topological Insulator Antenna Resonators
Abstract
Abstract Excitation of Dirac plasmon polaritons (DPPs) in bi‐dimensional materials have attracted considerable interest in recent years, both from perspectives of understanding their physics and exploring their transformative potential for nanophotonic devices, including ultra‐sensitive plasmonic sensors, ultrafast saturable absorbers, modulators, and switches. Topological insulators (TIs) represent an ideal technological platform in this respect because they can support plasmon polaritons formed by Dirac carriers in the topological surface states. Tracing propagation of DPPs is a very challenging task, particularly at terahertz (THz) frequencies, where the DPP wavelength becomes over one order of magnitude shorter than the free space photon wavelength. Furthermore, severe attenuation hinders the comprehensive analysis of their characteristics. Here, the properties of DPPs in real TI‐based devices are revealed. Bi 2 Se 3 rectangular antennas can efficiently confine the propagation of DPPs to a single dimension and, as a result, enhance the DPPs visibility despite the strong intrinsic attenuation. The plasmon dispersion and loss properties from plasmon profiles are experimentally determined, along the antennas, obtained using holographic near‐field nano‐imaging in a wide range of THz frequencies, from 2.05 to 4.3 THz. The detailed investigation of the unveiled DPP properties can guide the design of novel topological quantum devices exploiting theirmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
[1];
[2];
[3];
[4];
[1]
- NEST CNR‐Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore Piazza San Silvestro 12 Pisa 56127 Italy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
- University College London Electronic and Electrical Engineering London WC1E 7JE UK
- Publication Date:
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 2263501
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 2263502
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Small
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Small; Journal ID: ISSN 1613-6810
- Publisher:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Country of Publication:
- Germany
- Language:
- English
Citation Formats
Pistore, Valentino, Viti, Leonardo, Schiattarella, Chiara, Wang, Zhengtianye, Law, Stephanie, Mitrofanov, Oleg, and Vitiello, Miriam S. Holographic Nano‐Imaging of Terahertz Dirac Plasmon Polaritons in Topological Insulator Antenna Resonators. Germany: N. p., 2023.
Web. doi:10.1002/smll.202308116.
Pistore, Valentino, Viti, Leonardo, Schiattarella, Chiara, Wang, Zhengtianye, Law, Stephanie, Mitrofanov, Oleg, & Vitiello, Miriam S. Holographic Nano‐Imaging of Terahertz Dirac Plasmon Polaritons in Topological Insulator Antenna Resonators. Germany. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202308116
Pistore, Valentino, Viti, Leonardo, Schiattarella, Chiara, Wang, Zhengtianye, Law, Stephanie, Mitrofanov, Oleg, and Vitiello, Miriam S. Thu .
"Holographic Nano‐Imaging of Terahertz Dirac Plasmon Polaritons in Topological Insulator Antenna Resonators". Germany. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202308116.
@article{osti_2263501,
title = {Holographic Nano‐Imaging of Terahertz Dirac Plasmon Polaritons in Topological Insulator Antenna Resonators},
author = {Pistore, Valentino and Viti, Leonardo and Schiattarella, Chiara and Wang, Zhengtianye and Law, Stephanie and Mitrofanov, Oleg and Vitiello, Miriam S.},
abstractNote = {Abstract Excitation of Dirac plasmon polaritons (DPPs) in bi‐dimensional materials have attracted considerable interest in recent years, both from perspectives of understanding their physics and exploring their transformative potential for nanophotonic devices, including ultra‐sensitive plasmonic sensors, ultrafast saturable absorbers, modulators, and switches. Topological insulators (TIs) represent an ideal technological platform in this respect because they can support plasmon polaritons formed by Dirac carriers in the topological surface states. Tracing propagation of DPPs is a very challenging task, particularly at terahertz (THz) frequencies, where the DPP wavelength becomes over one order of magnitude shorter than the free space photon wavelength. Furthermore, severe attenuation hinders the comprehensive analysis of their characteristics. Here, the properties of DPPs in real TI‐based devices are revealed. Bi 2 Se 3 rectangular antennas can efficiently confine the propagation of DPPs to a single dimension and, as a result, enhance the DPPs visibility despite the strong intrinsic attenuation. The plasmon dispersion and loss properties from plasmon profiles are experimentally determined, along the antennas, obtained using holographic near‐field nano‐imaging in a wide range of THz frequencies, from 2.05 to 4.3 THz. The detailed investigation of the unveiled DPP properties can guide the design of novel topological quantum devices exploiting their directional propagation.},
doi = {10.1002/smll.202308116},
journal = {Small},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {Germany},
year = {Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 EST 2023},
month = {Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 EST 2023}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202308116
https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202308116
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Probing the Topological Surface State in Bi2Se3Thin Films Using Temperature-Dependent Terahertz Spectroscopy
journal, October 2017
- Kamboj, Varun S.; Singh, Angadjit; Ferrus, Thierry
- ACS Photonics, Vol. 4, Issue 11
Femtosecond photo-switching of interface polaritons in black phosphorus heterostructures
journal, December 2016
- Huber, Markus A.; Mooshammer, Fabian; Plankl, Markus
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 12, Issue 3
Self‐Induced Phase Locking of Terahertz Frequency Combs in a Phase‐Sensitive Hyperspectral Near‐Field Nanoscope (Adv. Sci. 28/2022)
journal, October 2022
- Pistore, Valentino; Pogna, Eva Arianna Aurelia; Viti, Leonardo
- Advanced Science, Vol. 9, Issue 28
Control over Electron–Phonon Interaction by Dirac Plasmon Engineering in the Bi 2 Se 3 Topological Insulator
journal, January 2018
- In, Chihun; Sim, Sangwan; Kim, Beom
- Nano Letters, Vol. 18, Issue 2
Imaging and Analysis of THz Surface Plasmon Polariton Waves with the Integrated Sub-wavelength Aperture Probe
journal, August 2011
- Mueckstein, Raimund; Graham, Chris; Renaud, Cyril C.
- Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, Vol. 32, Issue 8-9
Observation of Dirac plasmons in a topological insulator
journal, July 2013
- Di Pietro, P.; Ortolani, M.; Limaj, O.
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 8, Issue 8
Near-field spectroscopy of Dirac plasmons in Bi2Se3 ribbon arrays
journal, May 2023
- Hale, Lucy L.; Wang, Zhengtianye; Harris, C. Thomas
- APL Photonics, Vol. 8, Issue 5
Self-mixing interferometry and near-field nanoscopy in quantum cascade random lasers at terahertz frequencies
journal, March 2021
- Reichel, Kimberly S.; Pogna, Eva Arianna Aurelia; Biasco, Simone
- Nanophotonics, Vol. 10, Issue 5
Model Hamiltonian for topological insulators
journal, July 2010
- Liu, Chao-Xing; Qi, Xiao-Liang; Zhang, HaiJun
- Physical Review B, Vol. 82, Issue 4
Topological insulator: Spintronics and quantum computations
journal, May 2019
- He, Mengyun; Sun, Huimin; He, Qing Lin
- Frontiers of Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 4
Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers as Enabling Quantum Technology
journal, November 2021
- Vitiello, Miriam Serena; De Natale, Paolo
- Advanced Quantum Technologies, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Terahertz Nanoimaging and Nanospectroscopy of Chalcogenide Phase-Change Materials
journal, November 2020
- Chen, Chao; Chen, Shu; Lobo, Ricardo P. S. M.
- ACS Photonics, Vol. 7, Issue 12
Topological Order and the Quantum Spin Hall Effect
journal, September 2005
- Kane, C. L.; Mele, E. J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 95, Issue 14, Article No. 146802
Surface plasmons and topological insulators
journal, June 2011
- Karch, Andreas
- Physical Review B, Vol. 83, Issue 24
Strong nonlinear terahertz response induced by Dirac surface states in Bi2Se3 topological insulator
journal, April 2016
- Giorgianni, Flavio; Chiadroni, Enrica; Rovere, Andrea
- Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Colloquium: Topological insulators
journal, November 2010
- Hasan, M. Z.; Kane, C. L.
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 82, Issue 4, p. 3045-3067
Two-dimensional Dirac plasmon-polaritons in graphene, 3D topological insulator and hybrid systems
journal, October 2022
- In, Chihun; Kim, Un Jeong; Choi, Hyunyong
- Light: Science & Applications, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Coherent terahertz microscopy of modal field distributions in micro-resonators
journal, June 2021
- Sulollari, Nikollao; Keeley, James; Park, SaeJune
- APL Photonics, Vol. 6, Issue 6
Surface versus bulk state in topological insulator Bi 2 Se 3 under environmental disorder
journal, July 2011
- Brahlek, Matthew; Kim, Yong Seung; Bansal, Namrata
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 1
Observation of a large-gap topological-insulator class with a single Dirac cone on the surface
journal, May 2009
- Xia, Y.; Qian, D.; Hsieh, D.
- Nature Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 6, p. 398-402
Terahertz Tuning of Dirac Plasmons in Topological Insulator
journal, June 2020
- Di Pietro, P.; Adhlakha, N.; Piccirilli, F.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 124, Issue 22
Coexistence of the topological state and a two-dimensional electron gas on the surface of Bi2Se3
journal, November 2010
- Bianchi, Marco; Guan, Dandan; Bao, Shining
- Nature Communications, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Continuous-Wave Reflection Imaging Using Optical Feedback Interferometry in Terahertz and Mid-Infrared Quantum Cascade Lasers
journal, September 2014
- Mezzapesa, F. P.; Petruzzella, M.; Dabbicco, M.
- IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, Vol. 4, Issue 5
Topological spintronics and magnetoelectronics
journal, December 2021
- He, Qing Lin; Hughes, Taylor L.; Armitage, N. Peter
- Nature Materials, Vol. 21, Issue 1
Deeply subwavelength phonon-polaritonic crystal made of a van der Waals material
journal, January 2019
- Alfaro-Mozaz, F. J.; Rodrigo, S. G.; Alonso-González, P.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Optimization of the Growth of the Van der Waals Materials Bi2Se3 and (Bi0.5In0.5)2Se3 by Molecular Beam Epitaxy
journal, October 2021
- Wang, Zhengtianye; Law, Stephanie
- Crystal Growth & Design, Vol. 21, Issue 12
Surface plasmon polaritons in topological insulator nano-films and superlattices
journal, January 2016
- Deshko, Yury; Krusin-Elbaum, Lia; Menon, Vinod
- Optics Express, Vol. 24, Issue 7
Unveiling the detection dynamics of semiconductor nanowire photodetectors by terahertz near-field nanoscopy
journal, November 2020
- Pogna, Eva A. A.; Asgari, Mahdi; Zannier, Valentina
- Light: Science & Applications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Mapping propagation of collective modes in Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te2.2Se0.8 topological insulators by near-field terahertz nanoscopy
journal, November 2021
- Pogna, Eva Arianna Aurelia; Viti, Leonardo; Politano, Antonio
- Nature Communications, Vol. 12, Issue 1
Imaging of free carriers in semiconductors via optical feedback in terahertz quantum cascade lasers
journal, January 2014
- Mezzapesa, F. P.; Columbo, L. L.; Brambilla, M.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 4
Quantum Cascade Laser
journal, April 1994
- Faist, J.; Capasso, F.; Sivco, D. L.
- Science, Vol. 264, Issue 5158, p. 553-556
Terahertz imaging through self-mixing in a quantum cascade laser
journal, January 2011
- Dean, Paul; Leng Lim, Yah; Valavanis, Alex
- Optics Letters, Vol. 36, Issue 13
Signatures of charge inhomogeneities in the infrared spectra of topological insulators Bi 2 Se 3 , Bi 2 Te 3 and Sb 2 Te 3
journal, January 2013
- Dordevic, S. V.; Wolf, M. S.; Stojilovic, N.
- Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 25, Issue 7
Hybrid Surface-Phonon-Plasmon Polariton Modes in Graphene/Monolayer h-BN Heterostructures
journal, June 2014
- Brar, Victor W.; Jang, Min Seok; Sherrott, Michelle
- Nano Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 7
Terahertz plasmonic excitations in Bi 2 Se 3 topological insulator
journal, March 2017
- Autore, M.; Di Pietro, P.; Di Gaspare, A.
- Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 29, Issue 18
Terahertz semiconductor-heterostructure laser
journal, May 2002
- Köhler, Rüdeger; Tredicucci, Alessandro; Beltram, Fabio
- Nature, Vol. 417, Issue 6885
Topological invariants of time-reversal-invariant band structures
journal, March 2007
- Moore, J. E.; Balents, L.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 75, Issue 12, Article No. 121306(R)
Phase-resolved terahertz self-detection near-field microscopy
journal, January 2018
- Giordano, Maria C.; Mastel, Stefan; Liewald, Clemens
- Optics Express, Vol. 26, Issue 14
Real-space nanoimaging of THz polaritons in the topological insulator Bi2Se3
journal, March 2022
- Chen, Shu; Bylinkin, Andrei; Wang, Zhengtianye
- Nature Communications, Vol. 13, Issue 1
Near-field microscopy by elastic light scattering from a tip
journal, April 2004
- Keilmann, Fritz; Hillenbrand, Rainer
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 362, Issue 1817
Synthetic optical holography for rapid nanoimaging
journal, March 2014
- Schnell, M.; Carney, P. S.; Hillenbrand, R.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1
A practical topological insulator saturable absorber for mode-locked fiber laser
journal, March 2015
- Yan, Peiguang; Lin, Rongyong; Ruan, Shuangchen
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Terahertz near-field nanoscopy based on detectorless laser feedback interferometry under different feedback regimes
journal, June 2021
- Pogna, Eva A. A.; Silvestri, Carlo; Columbo, Lorenzo L.
- APL Photonics, Vol. 6, Issue 6