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Green Additive Limits Runaway Crystallinity in PM6:Y6 Organic Solar Cells but Causes Field-Independent Geminate Recombination
Abstract
Solvent additives are well-established for improving device performance of organic solar cells by enhancing nanodomain phase separation and crystallization. However, optimum additive concentrations are typically at trace amounts with slight fluctuations causing runaway crystallinity that short the device and limit scale-up potential. Furthermore, we show that a nonhalogenated solvent additive 1-phenylnaphthalene (PN) can be used to optimize high-performance PM6:Y6 devices, but without runaway crystallinity even at concentrations 10× above the optimum. Our holistic analysis of device losses shows that PN increases photoabsorption while decreasing bimolecular recombination. However, above the optimum, charge generation is reduced due to field-independent geminate recombination of charge transfer states that overcomes the other benefits. Rotated Y6 crystallite orientation is a likely culprit, where the device electric field is ineffective at separating the charges. Despite this, device performance remains higher than that of traditional additives, indicating a route to avoiding the high sensitivity of performance to processing conditions.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2]
- Washington State University, Pullman, WA (United States); Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj (Saudia Arabia)
- Washington State University, Pullman, WA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Materials Science and Engineering Division (MSE); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 2223015
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0017923; AC02-05CH11231; #2050886
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- ACS Energy Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 2380-8195
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 14 SOLAR ENERGY; Organic solar cells; Resonant soft x-ray scattering; Absorption; Additives; Crystallinity; Electrical properties; Recombination
Citation Formats
Alqahtani, Obaid, Alotaibi, Awwad, Burnes, Michael, and Collins, Brian A. Green Additive Limits Runaway Crystallinity in PM6:Y6 Organic Solar Cells but Causes Field-Independent Geminate Recombination. United States: N. p., 2023.
Web. doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01604.
Alqahtani, Obaid, Alotaibi, Awwad, Burnes, Michael, & Collins, Brian A. Green Additive Limits Runaway Crystallinity in PM6:Y6 Organic Solar Cells but Causes Field-Independent Geminate Recombination. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01604
Alqahtani, Obaid, Alotaibi, Awwad, Burnes, Michael, and Collins, Brian A. Fri .
"Green Additive Limits Runaway Crystallinity in PM6:Y6 Organic Solar Cells but Causes Field-Independent Geminate Recombination". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01604.
@article{osti_2223015,
title = {Green Additive Limits Runaway Crystallinity in PM6:Y6 Organic Solar Cells but Causes Field-Independent Geminate Recombination},
author = {Alqahtani, Obaid and Alotaibi, Awwad and Burnes, Michael and Collins, Brian A.},
abstractNote = {Solvent additives are well-established for improving device performance of organic solar cells by enhancing nanodomain phase separation and crystallization. However, optimum additive concentrations are typically at trace amounts with slight fluctuations causing runaway crystallinity that short the device and limit scale-up potential. Furthermore, we show that a nonhalogenated solvent additive 1-phenylnaphthalene (PN) can be used to optimize high-performance PM6:Y6 devices, but without runaway crystallinity even at concentrations 10× above the optimum. Our holistic analysis of device losses shows that PN increases photoabsorption while decreasing bimolecular recombination. However, above the optimum, charge generation is reduced due to field-independent geminate recombination of charge transfer states that overcomes the other benefits. Rotated Y6 crystallite orientation is a likely culprit, where the device electric field is ineffective at separating the charges. Despite this, device performance remains higher than that of traditional additives, indicating a route to avoiding the high sensitivity of performance to processing conditions.},
doi = {10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01604},
journal = {ACS Energy Letters},
number = 11,
volume = 8,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Oct 13 00:00:00 EDT 2023},
month = {Fri Oct 13 00:00:00 EDT 2023}
}
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