Global gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulent transport in LHD stellarator with boron impurity

Singh, Tajinder; Nicolau, Javier H.; Nespoli, Federico; Motojima, Gen; Lin, Zhihong; Sen, Abhijit; Sharma, Sarveshwar; Kuley, Animesh

doi:10.1088/1741-4326/ad0aca

Title: Global gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulent transport in LHD stellarator with boron impurity

Abstract

Abstract Global gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulent transport for discharge # 166256 of the Large Helical Device stellarator in the presence of boron impurity show the co-existence of the ion temperature gradient (ITG) turbulence and trapped electron mode (TEM) turbulence before and during boron powder injection. ITG turbulence dominates in the core, whereas TEM dominates near the edge, consistent with the experimental observations. Linear TEM frequency increases from $\sim 80$ kHz to $\sim 100$ kHz during boron injection, and ITG frequency decreases from $\sim 20$ kHz to $\sim 13$ kHz, consistent with the experiments. The poloidal wave number spectrum is broad for both ITG (0–0.5 mm ⁻¹ ) and TEM (0–0.25 mm ⁻¹ ). The nonlinear simulations with boron impurity show a reduction in the heat conductivity compared to the case without boron. The comparison of the nonlinear transport before and during boron injection shows that the ion heat transport is substantially reduced in the region where the TEM is dominant. However, the average electron heat transport throughout the radial domain and the average ion heat transport in the region where the ITG is dominant are similar. The simulations with boron show the effective heat conductivity values qualitatively agree with the estimate obtained from the experiment.

Authors:

;

Publication Date:: Fri Nov 17 00:00:00 EST 2023

Research Org.:: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 2216981

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 2205133; OSTI ID: 2248054

Grant/Contract Number:: SciDAC ISEP: DE-SC0018270; EEQ/2022/000144; AC02-09CH11466; SC0022131; FG02-07ER54916

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Nuclear Fusion

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Nuclear Fusion Journal Volume: 64 Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0029-5515

Publisher:: IOP Publishing

Country of Publication:: IAEA

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; stellarator; simulations; gyrokinetic; microturbulence; impurity seeding

Citation Formats


                    Singh, Tajinder, Nicolau, Javier H., Nespoli, Federico, Motojima, Gen, Lin, Zhihong, Sen, Abhijit, Sharma, Sarveshwar, and Kuley, Animesh. Global gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulent transport in LHD stellarator with boron impurity.  IAEA: N. p., 2023. 
Web.  doi:10.1088/1741-4326/ad0aca.

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                    Singh, Tajinder, Nicolau, Javier H., Nespoli, Federico, Motojima, Gen, Lin, Zhihong, Sen, Abhijit, Sharma, Sarveshwar, & Kuley, Animesh. Global gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulent transport in LHD stellarator with boron impurity.  IAEA.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ad0aca

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                    Singh, Tajinder, Nicolau, Javier H., Nespoli, Federico, Motojima, Gen, Lin, Zhihong, Sen, Abhijit, Sharma, Sarveshwar, and Kuley, Animesh. Fri .  
"Global gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulent transport in LHD stellarator with boron impurity".  IAEA.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ad0aca.

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@article{osti_2216981,

  title        = {Global gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulent transport in LHD stellarator with boron impurity},

  author       = {Singh, Tajinder and Nicolau, Javier H. and Nespoli, Federico and Motojima, Gen and Lin, Zhihong and Sen, Abhijit and Sharma, Sarveshwar and Kuley, Animesh},

  abstractNote = {Abstract Global gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulent transport for discharge # 166256 of the Large Helical Device stellarator in the presence of boron impurity show the co-existence of the ion temperature gradient (ITG) turbulence and trapped electron mode (TEM) turbulence before and during boron powder injection. ITG turbulence dominates in the core, whereas TEM dominates near the edge, consistent with the experimental observations. Linear TEM frequency increases from ∼ 80  kHz to ∼ 100  kHz during boron injection, and ITG frequency decreases from ∼ 20  kHz to ∼ 13  kHz, consistent with the experiments. The poloidal wave number spectrum is broad for both ITG (0–0.5 mm −1 ) and TEM (0–0.25 mm −1 ). The nonlinear simulations with boron impurity show a reduction in the heat conductivity compared to the case without boron. The comparison of the nonlinear transport before and during boron injection shows that the ion heat transport is substantially reduced in the region where the TEM is dominant. However, the average electron heat transport throughout the radial domain and the average ion heat transport in the region where the ITG is dominant are similar. The simulations with boron show the effective heat conductivity values qualitatively agree with the estimate obtained from the experiment.},

  doi          = {10.1088/1741-4326/ad0aca},

  journal      = {Nuclear Fusion},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 64,

  place        = {IAEA},

  year         = {Fri Nov 17 00:00:00 EST 2023},

  month        = {Fri Nov 17 00:00:00 EST 2023}

}

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Title: Global gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulent transport in LHD stellarator with boron impurity

Abstract

Citation Formats

Isotope Effects on Trapped-Electron-Mode Driven Turbulence and Zonal Flows in Helical and Tokamak Plasmas journal, April 2017

Particle control in long-pulse discharge using divertor pumping in LHD journal, February 2022

Effect of collisions on non-adiabatic electron dynamics in ITG-driven microturbulence journal, September 2021

Fluctuation characteristics and transport properties of collisionless trapped electron mode turbulence journal, February 2010

Observation of a reduced-turbulence regime with boron powder injection in a stellarator journal, January 2022

Two-dimensional phase contrast imaging for local turbulence measurements in large helical device (invited) journal, October 2008

Subdominant Modes in Zonal-Flow-Regulated Turbulence journal, March 2014

Impurity effects on trapped electron mode in tokamak plasmas journal, July 2016

Global gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulent transport using kinetic electrons in LHD stellarator journal, October 2022

Global calculation of neoclassical impurity transport including the variation of electrostatic potential journal, June 2020

Gyrokinetic microinstability analysis of high- T i and high- T e isotope plasmas in Large Helical Device journal, November 2018

Turbulent transport and turbulence in radiative I mode plasmas in TEXTOR-94 journal, February 2000

Global gyrokinetic particle simulations of microturbulence in W7-X and LHD stellarators journal, August 2020

Neoclassical transport simulations for stellarators journal, February 2011

Comparison of particle trajectories and collision operators for collisional transport in nonaxisymmetric plasmas journal, April 2014

Nonlinear Saturation of Trapped Electron Modes via Perpendicular Particle Diffusion journal, January 2008

Fluctuation-induced heat transport results from a large global 3D toroidal particle simulation model journal, December 1996

Neoclassical electron transport calculation by using δf Monte Carlo method journal, March 2011

Characterization of injection and confinement improvement through impurity induced profile modifications on the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator journal, August 2021

Impurity-Induced Suppression of Core Turbulence and Transport in the DIII-D Tokamak journal, February 2000

Global gyrokinetic simulation of neoclassical ambipolar electric field and its effects on microturbulence in W7-X stellarator journal, June 2021

A fully nonlinear characteristic method for gyrokinetic simulation journal, January 1993

Roles of argon seeding in energy confinement and pedestal structure in JT-60U journal, February 2015

Impact of Magnetic Field Configuration on Heat Transport in Stellarators and Heliotrons journal, November 2021

Steepest-descent moment method for three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic equilibria journal, January 1983

Quasi-helical symmetry in stellarators journal, November 1995

Drift waves and transport journal, April 1999

Measurements of core electron temperature and density fluctuations in DIII-D and comparison to nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations journal, May 2008

Excitation of zonal flow by drift waves in toroidal plasmas journal, August 2000

Zonal flows in plasma—a review journal, April 2005

Gyrokinetic simulation of collisionless trapped-electron mode turbulence journal, July 2005

Erratum: “Collisionless damping of zonal flows in helical systems” [Phys. Plasmas 13, 012501 (2006)] journal, July 2007

Influence of sheared poloidal rotation on edge turbulence journal, January 1990

Electromagnetic gyrokinetic turbulence in finite-beta helical plasmas journal, May 2014

Generation and damping of neoclassical plasma flows in stellarators journal, May 2005

Effects of radial electric fields on linear ITG instabilities in W7-X and LHD journal, May 2016

Gyrokinetic turbulent transport simulation of a high ion temperature plasma in large helical device experiment journal, April 2012

Boronization in textor journal, April 1989

Impact of hydrogen isotope species on microinstabilities in helical plasmas journal, June 2016

3D toroidal physics: Testing the boundaries of symmetry breakinga) journal, May 2015

Properties of ion temperature gradient drift instabilities in H ‐mode plasmas journal, June 1989

Nonlinear Electromagnetic Stabilization of Plasma Microturbulence journal, April 2018

Global gyrokinetic particle simulations with kinetic electrons journal, November 2007

Impurity transport in tokamak plasmas, theory, modelling and comparison with experiments journal, May 2021

First impurity powder injection experiments in LHD journal, December 2020

Real-time wall conditioning and recycling modification utilizing boron and boron nitride powder injections into the Large Helical Device journal, June 2022

Flux-surface variations of the electrostatic potential in stellarators: impact on the radial electric field and neoclassical impurity transport journal, June 2018

Flow shear induced fluctuation suppression in finite aspect ratio shaped tokamak plasma journal, May 1995

Neoclassical transport optimization of LHD journal, September 2002

Modelling of Density Limit Phenomena in Toroidal Helical Plasmas journal, November 2001

Transport characteristics of deuterium and hydrogen plasmas with ion internal transport barrier in the Large Helical Device journal, August 2019

Effects of tungsten radiation on the behaviour of PLT tokamak discharges journal, September 1978

Global electromagnetic turbulence simulations of W7-X-like plasmas with GENE-3D journal, November 2021

Quasi-helically symmetric toroidal stellarators journal, May 1988

Validation of the gyrokinetic model in ITG and TEM dominated L-mode plasmas journal, November 2013

Non-axisymmetric magnetic fields and toroidal plasma confinement journal, January 2015

The Stellarator Concept journal, January 1958

Reduced models of turbulent transport in helical plasmas including effects of zonal flows and trapped electrons journal, May 2020

Collisional Effects on Drift Wave Microturbulence in Tokamak Plasmas journal, October 2018

Experimental Study of Trapped-Electron-Mode Properties in Tokamaks: Threshold and Stabilization by Collisions journal, August 2005

Nonlinear saturation of collisionless trapped electron mode turbulence: Zonal flows and zonal density journal, May 2008

Three-dimensional computation of drift Alfvén turbulence journal, October 1997

Effects of light impurities on zonal flow activities and turbulent thermal transport journal, May 2022

Role of zonal flows in trapped electron mode turbulence through nonlinear gyrokinetic particle and continuum simulation journal, May 2009

Turbulent Transport of Trapped-Electron Modes in Collisionless Plasmas journal, August 2009

Linear Gyrokinetic Analyses of ITG Modes and Zonal Flows in LHD with High Ion Temperature journal, January 2011

Nonlinear gyrokinetic PIC simulations in stellarators with the code EUTERPE journal, September 2020

Gyrokinetic particle simulation model journal, September 1987

Turbulent Transport Reduction by Zonal Flows: Massively Parallel Simulations journal, September 1998

Global particle-in-cell simulations of microturbulence with kinetic electrons journal, July 2006

Global gyrokinetic simulations of ITG turbulence in the magnetic configuration space of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator journal, August 2020

Gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulence in ADITYA-U tokamak journal, March 2023

Validation of gyrokinetic modelling of light impurity transport including rotation in ASDEX Upgrade journal, May 2013

Nonlinear global gyrokinetic delta- f turbulence simulations in a quasi-axisymmetric stellarator journal, April 2020

Comparing simulation of plasma turbulence with experiment. II. Gyrokinetic simulations journal, December 2002

Gyrokinetic δf particle simulation of trapped electron mode driven turbulence journal, August 2007

Effect of resonant magnetic perturbations on microturbulence in DIII-D pedestal journal, October 2016

Isotope Effects on Trapped-Electron-Mode Driven Turbulence and Zonal Flows in Helical and Tokamak Plasmas
journal, April 2017

Particle control in long-pulse discharge using divertor pumping in LHD
journal, February 2022

Effect of collisions on non-adiabatic electron dynamics in ITG-driven microturbulence
journal, September 2021

Fluctuation characteristics and transport properties of collisionless trapped electron mode turbulence
journal, February 2010

Observation of a reduced-turbulence regime with boron powder injection in a stellarator
journal, January 2022

Two-dimensional phase contrast imaging for local turbulence measurements in large helical device (invited)
journal, October 2008

Subdominant Modes in Zonal-Flow-Regulated Turbulence
journal, March 2014

Impurity effects on trapped electron mode in tokamak plasmas
journal, July 2016

Global gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulent transport using kinetic electrons in LHD stellarator
journal, October 2022

Global calculation of neoclassical impurity transport including the variation of electrostatic potential
journal, June 2020

Gyrokinetic microinstability analysis of high- T _i and high- T _e isotope plasmas in Large Helical Device
journal, November 2018

Turbulent transport and turbulence in radiative I mode plasmas in TEXTOR-94
journal, February 2000

Global gyrokinetic particle simulations of microturbulence in W7-X and LHD stellarators
journal, August 2020

Neoclassical transport simulations for stellarators
journal, February 2011

Comparison of particle trajectories and collision operators for collisional transport in nonaxisymmetric plasmas
journal, April 2014

Nonlinear Saturation of Trapped Electron Modes via Perpendicular Particle Diffusion
journal, January 2008

Fluctuation-induced heat transport results from a large global 3D toroidal particle simulation model
journal, December 1996

Neoclassical electron transport calculation by using δf Monte Carlo method
journal, March 2011

Characterization of injection and confinement improvement through impurity induced profile modifications on the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator
journal, August 2021

Impurity-Induced Suppression of Core Turbulence and Transport in the DIII-D Tokamak
journal, February 2000

Global gyrokinetic simulation of neoclassical ambipolar electric field and its effects on microturbulence in W7-X stellarator
journal, June 2021

A fully nonlinear characteristic method for gyrokinetic simulation
journal, January 1993

Roles of argon seeding in energy confinement and pedestal structure in JT-60U
journal, February 2015

Impact of Magnetic Field Configuration on Heat Transport in Stellarators and Heliotrons
journal, November 2021

Steepest-descent moment method for three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic equilibria
journal, January 1983

Quasi-helical symmetry in stellarators
journal, November 1995

Drift waves and transport
journal, April 1999

Measurements of core electron temperature and density fluctuations in DIII-D and comparison to nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations
journal, May 2008

Excitation of zonal flow by drift waves in toroidal plasmas
journal, August 2000

Zonal flows in plasma—a review
journal, April 2005

Gyrokinetic simulation of collisionless trapped-electron mode turbulence
journal, July 2005

Erratum: “Collisionless damping of zonal flows in helical systems” [Phys. Plasmas 13, 012501 (2006)]
journal, July 2007

Influence of sheared poloidal rotation on edge turbulence
journal, January 1990

Electromagnetic gyrokinetic turbulence in finite-beta helical plasmas
journal, May 2014

Generation and damping of neoclassical plasma flows in stellarators
journal, May 2005

Effects of radial electric fields on linear ITG instabilities in W7-X and LHD
journal, May 2016

Gyrokinetic turbulent transport simulation of a high ion temperature plasma in large helical device experiment
journal, April 2012

Boronization in textor
journal, April 1989

Impact of hydrogen isotope species on microinstabilities in helical plasmas
journal, June 2016

3D toroidal physics: Testing the boundaries of symmetry breakinga)
journal, May 2015

Properties of ion temperature gradient drift instabilities in H ‐mode plasmas
journal, June 1989

Nonlinear Electromagnetic Stabilization of Plasma Microturbulence
journal, April 2018

Global gyrokinetic particle simulations with kinetic electrons
journal, November 2007

Impurity transport in tokamak plasmas, theory, modelling and comparison with experiments
journal, May 2021

First impurity powder injection experiments in LHD
journal, December 2020

Real-time wall conditioning and recycling modification utilizing boron and boron nitride powder injections into the Large Helical Device
journal, June 2022

Flux-surface variations of the electrostatic potential in stellarators: impact on the radial electric field and neoclassical impurity transport
journal, June 2018

Flow shear induced fluctuation suppression in finite aspect ratio shaped tokamak plasma
journal, May 1995

Neoclassical transport optimization of LHD
journal, September 2002

Modelling of Density Limit Phenomena in Toroidal Helical Plasmas
journal, November 2001

Transport characteristics of deuterium and hydrogen plasmas with ion internal transport barrier in the Large Helical Device
journal, August 2019

Effects of tungsten radiation on the behaviour of PLT tokamak discharges
journal, September 1978

Global electromagnetic turbulence simulations of W7-X-like plasmas with GENE-3D
journal, November 2021

Quasi-helically symmetric toroidal stellarators
journal, May 1988

Validation of the gyrokinetic model in ITG and TEM dominated L-mode plasmas
journal, November 2013

Non-axisymmetric magnetic fields and toroidal plasma confinement
journal, January 2015

The Stellarator Concept
journal, January 1958

Reduced models of turbulent transport in helical plasmas including effects of zonal flows and trapped electrons
journal, May 2020

Collisional Effects on Drift Wave Microturbulence in Tokamak Plasmas
journal, October 2018

Experimental Study of Trapped-Electron-Mode Properties in Tokamaks: Threshold and Stabilization by Collisions
journal, August 2005

Nonlinear saturation of collisionless trapped electron mode turbulence: Zonal flows and zonal density
journal, May 2008

Three-dimensional computation of drift Alfvén turbulence
journal, October 1997

Effects of light impurities on zonal flow activities and turbulent thermal transport
journal, May 2022

Role of zonal flows in trapped electron mode turbulence through nonlinear gyrokinetic particle and continuum simulation
journal, May 2009

Turbulent Transport of Trapped-Electron Modes in Collisionless Plasmas
journal, August 2009

Linear Gyrokinetic Analyses of ITG Modes and Zonal Flows in LHD with High Ion Temperature
journal, January 2011

Nonlinear gyrokinetic PIC simulations in stellarators with the code EUTERPE
journal, September 2020

Gyrokinetic particle simulation model
journal, September 1987

Turbulent Transport Reduction by Zonal Flows: Massively Parallel Simulations
journal, September 1998

Global particle-in-cell simulations of microturbulence with kinetic electrons
journal, July 2006

Global gyrokinetic simulations of ITG turbulence in the magnetic configuration space of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator
journal, August 2020

Gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulence in ADITYA-U tokamak
journal, March 2023

Validation of gyrokinetic modelling of light impurity transport including rotation in ASDEX Upgrade
journal, May 2013

Nonlinear global gyrokinetic delta- f turbulence simulations in a quasi-axisymmetric stellarator
journal, April 2020

Comparing simulation of plasma turbulence with experiment. II. Gyrokinetic simulations
journal, December 2002

Gyrokinetic δf particle simulation of trapped electron mode driven turbulence
journal, August 2007

Effect of resonant magnetic perturbations on microturbulence in DIII-D pedestal
journal, October 2016

Demonstration of reduced neoclassical energy transport in Wendelstein 7-X
journal, August 2021

Collisionless dynamics of zonal flows in stellarator geometry
journal, July 2008

Stabilization of Trapped-Particle Modes by Reversed-Gradient Profiles
journal, September 1975