Modeling the Charge and Exciton Distributions in Phosphorescent White Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Qu, Boning; Zhao, Haonan; Forrest, Stephen R

doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00271

Title: Modeling the Charge and Exciton Distributions in Phosphorescent White Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Abstract

A comprehensive numerical model is developed to quantitatively analyze the charge and exciton distributions in phosphorescent white organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs). The model encompasses bipolar charge drift-diffusion transport with doping-dependent charge mobilities, field-dependent charge hopping across multiple interfaces, exciton generation, diffusion, energy transfer, radiative decay, and non-radiative exciton annihilation. The model is validated by direct measurement of the exciton distribution in monochromatic phosphorescent OLEDs. It is then applied to complex, multilayer WOLEDs where it is used to accurately predict their intensity and current-dependent spectral shifts. The magnitudes of different exciton loss channels in WOLEDs are calculated and quantitatively compared. This model provides an alternative for the many experimental iterations commonly used to optimize the color balance of complex OLEDs. In this context, the model inspired the addition of a hole blocking layer in the WOLED to balance the charge conduction and reduce spectral shifts – a design that is verified by experiment.

Authors:

Qu, Boning; Zhao, Haonan;

Publication Date:: Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2023

Research Org.:: Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1993006

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0008723

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: ACS Photonics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: ACS Photonics; Journal ID: ISSN 2330--4022

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Formats


                    Qu, Boning, Zhao, Haonan, and Forrest, Stephen R. Modeling the Charge and Exciton Distributions in Phosphorescent White Organic Light Emitting Diodes.  United States: N. p., 2023. 
Web.  doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00271.

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                    Qu, Boning, Zhao, Haonan, & Forrest, Stephen R. Modeling the Charge and Exciton Distributions in Phosphorescent White Organic Light Emitting Diodes.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00271

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                    Qu, Boning, Zhao, Haonan, and Forrest, Stephen R. Sun .  
"Modeling the Charge and Exciton Distributions in Phosphorescent White Organic Light Emitting Diodes".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00271.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1993006.

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@article{osti_1993006,

  title        = {Modeling the Charge and Exciton Distributions in Phosphorescent White Organic Light Emitting Diodes},

  author       = {Qu, Boning and Zhao, Haonan and Forrest, Stephen R},

  abstractNote = {A comprehensive numerical model is developed to quantitatively analyze the charge and exciton distributions in phosphorescent white organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs). The model encompasses bipolar charge drift-diffusion transport with doping-dependent charge mobilities, field-dependent charge hopping across multiple interfaces, exciton generation, diffusion, energy transfer, radiative decay, and non-radiative exciton annihilation. The model is validated by direct measurement of the exciton distribution in monochromatic phosphorescent OLEDs. It is then applied to complex, multilayer WOLEDs where it is used to accurately predict their intensity and current-dependent spectral shifts. The magnitudes of different exciton loss channels in WOLEDs are calculated and quantitatively compared. This model provides an alternative for the many experimental iterations commonly used to optimize the color balance of complex OLEDs. In this context, the model inspired the addition of a hole blocking layer in the WOLED to balance the charge conduction and reduce spectral shifts – a design that is verified by experiment.},

  doi          = {10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00271},

  journal      = {ACS Photonics},

  number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2023},

  month        = {Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2023}

}

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Title: Modeling the Charge and Exciton Distributions in Phosphorescent White Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Abstract

Citation Formats

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Transient and steady-state behavior of space charges in multilayer organic light-emitting diodes
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Investigation of charge-transporting layers for high-efficiency organic light-emitting diode
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High-performance hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes with simple emitting structures and low efficiency roll-off based on blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters with bipolar transport characteristics
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