The Challenges Ahead for Multimessenger Analyses of Gravitational Waves and Kilonova: A Case Study on GW190425
Abstract
In recent years, there have been significant advances in multimessenger astronomy due to the discovery of the first, and so far only confirmed, gravitational wave event with a simultaneous electromagnetic (EM) counterpart, as well as improvements in numerical simulations, gravitational wave (GW) detectors, and transient astronomy. This has led to the exciting possibility of performing joint analyses of the GW and EM data, providing additional constraints on fundamental properties of the binary progenitor and merger remnant. Here, in this work, we present a new Bayesian framework that allows inference of these properties, while taking into account the systematic modeling uncertainties that arise when mapping from GW binary progenitor properties to photometric light curves. We extend the relative binning method presented in Zackay et al. to include extrinsic GW parameters for fast analysis of the GW signal. The focus of our EM framework is on light curves arising from r-process nucleosynthesis in the ejected material during and after merger, the so-called kilonova, and particularly on black hole–neutron star systems. As a case study, we examine the recent detection of GW190425, where the primary object is consistent with being either a black hole or a neutron star. We show quantitatively how improvedmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2];
[4];
[5];
[6];
[9];
[11];
[12];
- Univ. of Amsterdam (Netherlands)
- Univ. of Amsterdam (Netherlands); Nikhef Theory Group, Amsterdam (Netherlands)
- Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States)
- California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
- Stockholm Univ. (Sweden)
- Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB (Canada)
- Univ. of Amsterdam (Netherlands); Utrecht University (Netherlands)
- Univ. of Tokyo (Japan)
- Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States); Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ (United States); Tata Inst. of Fundamental Research, Bangalore (India)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris (France); Univ. of Paris (France)
- Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)
- Univ. of Potsdam (Germany); Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics, Potsdam (Germany)
- Univ. of Amsterdam (Netherlands); Stockholm Univ. (Sweden)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1981230
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0020435; 80NSSC18K0565; PHY-1806278; 1545949; 2012086; PHY-2010970
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- The Astrophysical Journal
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 922; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 0004-637X
- Publisher:
- IOP Publishing
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; gravitational waves; gravitational wave astronomy; Bayesian statistics; neutron stars; black holes; compact binary stars; r-process
Citation Formats
Raaijmakers, Geert, Nissanke, Samaya, Foucart, Francois, Kasliwal, Mansi M., Bulla, Mattia, Fernández, Rodrigo, Henkel, Amelia, Hinderer, Tanja, Hotokezaka, Kenta, Lukošiūtė, Kamilė, Venumadhav, Tejaswi, Antier, Sarah, Coughlin, Michael W., Dietrich, Tim, and Edwards, Thomas D. P. The Challenges Ahead for Multimessenger Analyses of Gravitational Waves and Kilonova: A Case Study on GW190425. United States: N. p., 2021.
Web. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac222d.
Raaijmakers, Geert, Nissanke, Samaya, Foucart, Francois, Kasliwal, Mansi M., Bulla, Mattia, Fernández, Rodrigo, Henkel, Amelia, Hinderer, Tanja, Hotokezaka, Kenta, Lukošiūtė, Kamilė, Venumadhav, Tejaswi, Antier, Sarah, Coughlin, Michael W., Dietrich, Tim, & Edwards, Thomas D. P. The Challenges Ahead for Multimessenger Analyses of Gravitational Waves and Kilonova: A Case Study on GW190425. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac222d
Raaijmakers, Geert, Nissanke, Samaya, Foucart, Francois, Kasliwal, Mansi M., Bulla, Mattia, Fernández, Rodrigo, Henkel, Amelia, Hinderer, Tanja, Hotokezaka, Kenta, Lukošiūtė, Kamilė, Venumadhav, Tejaswi, Antier, Sarah, Coughlin, Michael W., Dietrich, Tim, and Edwards, Thomas D. P. Mon .
"The Challenges Ahead for Multimessenger Analyses of Gravitational Waves and Kilonova: A Case Study on GW190425". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac222d. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1981230.
@article{osti_1981230,
title = {The Challenges Ahead for Multimessenger Analyses of Gravitational Waves and Kilonova: A Case Study on GW190425},
author = {Raaijmakers, Geert and Nissanke, Samaya and Foucart, Francois and Kasliwal, Mansi M. and Bulla, Mattia and Fernández, Rodrigo and Henkel, Amelia and Hinderer, Tanja and Hotokezaka, Kenta and Lukošiūtė, Kamilė and Venumadhav, Tejaswi and Antier, Sarah and Coughlin, Michael W. and Dietrich, Tim and Edwards, Thomas D. P.},
abstractNote = {In recent years, there have been significant advances in multimessenger astronomy due to the discovery of the first, and so far only confirmed, gravitational wave event with a simultaneous electromagnetic (EM) counterpart, as well as improvements in numerical simulations, gravitational wave (GW) detectors, and transient astronomy. This has led to the exciting possibility of performing joint analyses of the GW and EM data, providing additional constraints on fundamental properties of the binary progenitor and merger remnant. Here, in this work, we present a new Bayesian framework that allows inference of these properties, while taking into account the systematic modeling uncertainties that arise when mapping from GW binary progenitor properties to photometric light curves. We extend the relative binning method presented in Zackay et al. to include extrinsic GW parameters for fast analysis of the GW signal. The focus of our EM framework is on light curves arising from r-process nucleosynthesis in the ejected material during and after merger, the so-called kilonova, and particularly on black hole–neutron star systems. As a case study, we examine the recent detection of GW190425, where the primary object is consistent with being either a black hole or a neutron star. We show quantitatively how improved mapping between binary progenitor and outflow properties, and/or an increase in EM data quantity and quality are required in order to break degeneracies in the fundamental source parameters.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ac222d},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal},
number = 2,
volume = 922,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Dec 06 00:00:00 EST 2021},
month = {Mon Dec 06 00:00:00 EST 2021}
}
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