First Constraints on Heavy QCD Axions with a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber Using the ArgoNeuT Experiment

Acciarri, R.; Adams, C.; Baller, B.; Basque, V.; Cavanna, F.; Co, R. T.; Fitzpatrick, R. S.; Fleming, B.; Green, P.; Harnik, R.; Kelly, K. J.; Kumar, S.; Lang, K.; Lepetic, I.; Liu, Z.; Luo, X.; Lyu, K. F.; Palamara, O.; Scanavini, G.; Soderberg, M.; Spitz, J.; Szelc, A. M.; Wu, W.; Yang, T.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.221802

Title: First Constraints on Heavy QCD Axions with a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber Using the ArgoNeuT Experiment

Abstract

We present the results of a search for heavy QCD axions performed by the ArgoNeuT experiment at Fermilab. We search for heavy axions produced in the NuMI neutrino beam target and absorber decaying into dimuon pairs, which can be identified using the unique capabilities of ArgoNeuT and the MINOS near detector. This decay channel is motivated by a broad class of heavy QCD axion models that address the strong CP and axion quality problems with axion masses above the dimuon threshold. We obtain new constraints at a 95% confidence level for heavy axions in the previously unexplored mass range of 0.2–0.9 GeV, for axion decay constants around tens of TeV.

Publication Date:: Wed May 31 00:00:00 EDT 2023

Research Org.:: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Contributing Org.:: ArgoNeuT Collaboration

OSTI Identifier:: 1975868

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1885999; OSTI ID: 2331447

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB-22-527-ND-T; UMN-TH-4128/22; FTPI-MINN-22/19; arXiv:2207.08448
Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007; PRLTAO; 221802

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359; SC0011842; AC02-05CH11231; SC0022345

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Physical Review Letters

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Physical Review Letters Journal Volume: 130 Journal Issue: 22; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; hypothetical particle physics models; axions; muons; neutrino detectors

Citation Formats


                    Acciarri, R., Adams, C., Baller, B., Basque, V., Cavanna, F., Co, R. T., Fitzpatrick, R. S., Fleming, B., Green, P., Harnik, R., Kelly, K. J., Kumar, S., Lang, K., Lepetic, I., Liu, Z., Luo, X., Lyu, K. F., Palamara, O., Scanavini, G., Soderberg, M., Spitz, J., Szelc, A. M., Wu, W., Yang, T., and The ArgoNeuT Collaboration. First Constraints on Heavy QCD Axions with a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber Using the ArgoNeuT Experiment.  United States: N. p., 2023. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.221802.

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                    Acciarri, R., Adams, C., Baller, B., Basque, V., Cavanna, F., Co, R. T., Fitzpatrick, R. S., Fleming, B., Green, P., Harnik, R., Kelly, K. J., Kumar, S., Lang, K., Lepetic, I., Liu, Z., Luo, X., Lyu, K. F., Palamara, O., Scanavini, G., Soderberg, M., Spitz, J., Szelc, A. M., Wu, W., Yang, T., & The ArgoNeuT Collaboration. First Constraints on Heavy QCD Axions with a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber Using the ArgoNeuT Experiment.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.221802

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                    Acciarri, R., Adams, C., Baller, B., Basque, V., Cavanna, F., Co, R. T., Fitzpatrick, R. S., Fleming, B., Green, P., Harnik, R., Kelly, K. J., Kumar, S., Lang, K., Lepetic, I., Liu, Z., Luo, X., Lyu, K. F., Palamara, O., Scanavini, G., Soderberg, M., Spitz, J., Szelc, A. M., Wu, W., Yang, T., and The ArgoNeuT Collaboration. Wed .  
"First Constraints on Heavy QCD Axions with a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber Using the ArgoNeuT Experiment".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.221802.

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@article{osti_1975868,

  title        = {First Constraints on Heavy QCD Axions with a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber Using the ArgoNeuT Experiment},

  author       = {Acciarri, R. and Adams, C. and Baller, B. and Basque, V. and Cavanna, F. and Co, R. T. and Fitzpatrick, R. S. and Fleming, B. and Green, P. and Harnik, R. and Kelly, K. J. and Kumar, S. and Lang, K. and Lepetic, I. and Liu, Z. and Luo, X. and Lyu, K. F. and Palamara, O. and Scanavini, G. and Soderberg, M. and Spitz, J. and Szelc, A. M. and Wu, W. and Yang, T. and The ArgoNeuT Collaboration},

  abstractNote = {We present the results of a search for heavy QCD axions performed by the ArgoNeuT experiment at Fermilab. We search for heavy axions produced in the NuMI neutrino beam target and absorber decaying into dimuon pairs, which can be identified using the unique capabilities of ArgoNeuT and the MINOS near detector. This decay channel is motivated by a broad class of heavy QCD axion models that address the strong CP and axion quality problems with axion masses above the dimuon threshold. We obtain new constraints at a 95% confidence level for heavy axions in the previously unexplored mass range of 0.2–0.9 GeV, for axion decay constants around tens of TeV.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.221802},

  journal      = {Physical Review Letters},

  number       = 22,

  volume       = 130,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed May 31 00:00:00 EDT 2023},

  month        = {Wed May 31 00:00:00 EDT 2023}

}

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Title: First Constraints on Heavy QCD Axions with a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber Using the ArgoNeuT Experiment

Abstract

Citation Formats

Symmetry Breaking through Bell-Jackiw Anomalies journal, July 1976

Erratum: Reduced Limit on the Permanent Electric Dipole Moment of Hg 199 [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 , 161601 (2016)] journal, September 2017

First measurement of the cross section for ν μ and ν ¯ μ induced single charged pion production on argon using ArgoNeuT journal, September 2018

New Constraints on Tau-Coupled Heavy Neutral Leptons with Masses m N = 280 – 970 MeV journal, September 2021

Design, calibration, and performance of the MINERvA detector journal, April 2014

Large field excursions and approximate discrete symmetries from a clockwork axion journal, April 2016

Wormhole-induced proton decay journal, December 1989

Baryon axial vector currents journal, February 1999

Analysis of a large sample of neutrino-induced muons with the ArgoNeuT detector journal, October 2012

Dark matter through the axion portal journal, April 2009

Strong CP problem and mirror world: the Weinberg–Wilczek axion revisited journal, February 2001

Search for Hidden-Sector Bosons in B 0 → K * 0 μ + μ − Decays journal, October 2015

Coupling QCD-Scale Axionlike Particles to Gluons journal, July 2019

Heavy axion opportunities at the DUNE near detector journal, May 2021

New physics searches at kaon and hyperon factories journal, January 2023

Measurement of the very rare K+ → $$ {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ decay journal, June 2021

A simple solution to the strong CP problem with a harmless axion journal, August 1981

Challenges for heavy QCD axion inflation journal, October 2021

Reduced Limit on the Permanent Electric Dipole Moment of Hg 199 journal, April 2016

The ArgoNeuT detector in the NuMI low-energy beam line at Fermilab journal, October 2012

Factoring the strong CP problem journal, December 2018

A visible QCD axion from an enlarged color group journal, June 2016

Measurements of inclusive muon neutrino and antineutrino charged current differential cross sections on argon in the NuMI antineutrino beam journal, June 2014

Revised experimental upper limit on the electric dipole moment of the neutron journal, November 2015

Model of visible QCD axion journal, July 2015

Neutrino flux predictions for the NuMI beam journal, November 2016

The magnetized steel and scintillator calorimeters of the MINOS experiment journal, November 2008

On the interplay between astrophysical and laboratory probes of MeV-scale axion-like particles journal, July 2020

Challenges for an axion explanation of the muon g − 2 measurement journal, September 2021

Measurement of the Permanent Electric Dipole Moment of the Neutron journal, February 2020

Constraints imposed by CP conservation in the presence of pseudoparticles journal, September 1977

Completing natural inflation journal, January 2005

Why there is nothing rather than something: A theory of the cosmological constant journal, December 1988

CP Conservation in the Presence of Pseudoparticles journal, June 1977

Collider probes of axion-like particles journal, December 2017

LArSoft: toolkit for simulation, reconstruction and analysis of liquid argon TPC neutrino detectors journal, October 2017

Neutrino and antineutrino inclusive charged-current cross section measurements with the MINOS near detector journal, April 2010

Searches for lepton number violation and resonances in K ± → πμμ decays journal, June 2017

First Measurements of Inclusive Muon Neutrino Charged Current Differential Cross Sections on Argon journal, April 2012

Improved Experimental Limit on the Electric Dipole Moment of the Neutron journal, September 2006

Grand unification and heavy axion journal, April 1997

The QCD running coupling journal, September 2016

Searches for heavy QCD axions via dimuon final states journal, February 2023

Review of Particle Physics journal, August 2022

The NuMI neutrino beam journal, January 2016

The GENIE neutrino Monte Carlo generator journal, February 2010

Loss of incoherence and determination of coupling constants in quantum gravity journal, October 1988

An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2 journal, June 2015

Measurement of charged pion production yields off the NuMI target journal, August 2014

Geant4—a simulation toolkit journal, July 2003

Anomalous Solutions to the Strong C P Problem journal, April 2015

Study of B Meson Decays with Excited η and η ′ Mesons journal, August 2008

Axiogenesis with a heavy QCD axion journal, October 2022

High Quality QCD Axion and the LHC journal, June 2020

Symmetry Breaking through Bell-Jackiw Anomalies
journal, July 1976

Erratum: Reduced Limit on the Permanent Electric Dipole Moment of ${}^{199}{Hg}$ [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 , 161601 (2016)]
journal, September 2017

First measurement of the cross section for $ν_{μ}$ and ${\bar{ν}}_{μ}$ induced single charged pion production on argon using ArgoNeuT
journal, September 2018

New Constraints on Tau-Coupled Heavy Neutral Leptons with Masses $m_{N} = 280 - 970 MeV$
journal, September 2021

Design, calibration, and performance of the MINERvA detector
journal, April 2014

Large field excursions and approximate discrete symmetries from a clockwork axion
journal, April 2016

Wormhole-induced proton decay
journal, December 1989

Baryon axial vector currents
journal, February 1999

Analysis of a large sample of neutrino-induced muons with the ArgoNeuT detector
journal, October 2012

Dark matter through the axion portal
journal, April 2009

Strong CP problem and mirror world: the Weinberg–Wilczek axion revisited
journal, February 2001

Search for Hidden-Sector Bosons in $B^{0} \to K^{* 0} μ^{+} μ^{-}$ Decays
journal, October 2015

Coupling QCD-Scale Axionlike Particles to Gluons
journal, July 2019

Heavy axion opportunities at the DUNE near detector
journal, May 2021

New physics searches at kaon and hyperon factories
journal, January 2023

Measurement of the very rare K+ → $$ {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ decay
journal, June 2021

A simple solution to the strong CP problem with a harmless axion
journal, August 1981

Challenges for heavy QCD axion inflation
journal, October 2021

Reduced Limit on the Permanent Electric Dipole Moment of ${}^{199}{Hg}$
journal, April 2016

The ArgoNeuT detector in the NuMI low-energy beam line at Fermilab
journal, October 2012

Factoring the strong CP problem
journal, December 2018

A visible QCD axion from an enlarged color group
journal, June 2016

Measurements of inclusive muon neutrino and antineutrino charged current differential cross sections on argon in the NuMI antineutrino beam
journal, June 2014

Revised experimental upper limit on the electric dipole moment of the neutron
journal, November 2015

Model of visible QCD axion
journal, July 2015

Neutrino flux predictions for the NuMI beam
journal, November 2016

The magnetized steel and scintillator calorimeters of the MINOS experiment
journal, November 2008

On the interplay between astrophysical and laboratory probes of MeV-scale axion-like particles
journal, July 2020

Challenges for an axion explanation of the muon g − 2 measurement
journal, September 2021

Measurement of the Permanent Electric Dipole Moment of the Neutron
journal, February 2020

Constraints imposed by $CP$ conservation in the presence of pseudoparticles
journal, September 1977

Completing natural inflation
journal, January 2005

Why there is nothing rather than something: A theory of the cosmological constant
journal, December 1988

$CP$ Conservation in the Presence of Pseudoparticles
journal, June 1977

Collider probes of axion-like particles
journal, December 2017

LArSoft: toolkit for simulation, reconstruction and analysis of liquid argon TPC neutrino detectors
journal, October 2017

Neutrino and antineutrino inclusive charged-current cross section measurements with the MINOS near detector
journal, April 2010

Searches for lepton number violation and resonances in K ± → πμμ decays
journal, June 2017

First Measurements of Inclusive Muon Neutrino Charged Current Differential Cross Sections on Argon
journal, April 2012

Improved Experimental Limit on the Electric Dipole Moment of the Neutron
journal, September 2006

Grand unification and heavy axion
journal, April 1997

The QCD running coupling
journal, September 2016

Searches for heavy QCD axions via dimuon final states
journal, February 2023

Review of Particle Physics
journal, August 2022

The NuMI neutrino beam
journal, January 2016

The GENIE neutrino Monte Carlo generator
journal, February 2010

Loss of incoherence and determination of coupling constants in quantum gravity
journal, October 1988

An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2
journal, June 2015

Measurement of charged pion production yields off the NuMI target
journal, August 2014

Geant4—a simulation toolkit
journal, July 2003

Anomalous Solutions to the Strong $C P$ Problem
journal, April 2015

Study of $B$ Meson Decays with Excited $η$ and $η'$ Mesons
journal, August 2008

Axiogenesis with a heavy QCD axion
journal, October 2022

High Quality QCD Axion and the LHC
journal, June 2020