A novel sub-pilot-scale direct-contact ultrasonic dehydration technology for sustainable production of distillers dried grains (DDG)

Malvandi, Amir; Nicole Coleman, Danielle; Loor, Juan J.; Feng, Hao

doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105982

Title: A novel sub-pilot-scale direct-contact ultrasonic dehydration technology for sustainable production of distillers dried grains (DDG)

Abstract

DDG is a major source of protein, calcium, phosphorus, and sulfur is arguably the most important byproduct of the bioethanol industry with increasing demand over the past few years. Reducing energy consumption in the DDG production process and energy recovery from DDG is vital for sustainable bioethanol productions. In this paper, a novel direct-contact multi-frequency, multimode, and modulated (MMM) ultrasonic dryer (US) was developed for the first time and has been applied in dehydration of wet distillers' grain (WDG). Ultrasonic drying (US) was combined with a convective airflow (HA) at different temperatures of 25 (room temperature), 50 and 70 °C to evaluate the impact of US, HA, and US + HA on drying kinetics, activation energy, chemical compositions, microstructure, and color of DDG. Semi-empirical kinetic models were developed and evaluating drying performances showed that the application of ultrasound significantly enhanced the drying rate and decreased the drying time (by 46%), especially at low drying temperatures. The activation energy for moisture removal in the presence of ultrasound was about 50% of that without ultrasound. The final dried distillers' grains product processed by ultrasonic drying had a brighter color, a higher available protein, a higher digestible protein (the lowest acid detergent insolublemore »« less

Authors:

Malvandi, Amir ^[1]; Nicole Coleman, Danielle ^[1]; Loor, Juan J. ^[1]; Feng, Hao ^[1]

Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu Mar 17 00:00:00 EDT 2022

Research Org.:: Worcester Polytechnic Institute, MA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); USDA; National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1904778

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0009125; 2018-67017-27913; NSF IIP 16-24812 I/UCRC IA

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 85; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 1350-4177

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; Acoustics; Chemistry; Non-thermal drying; Modulated ultrasound; Dried distillers grains (DDG); Acid detergent insoluble crude protein; Process enhancement

Citation Formats


                    Malvandi, Amir, Nicole Coleman, Danielle, Loor, Juan J., and Feng, Hao. A novel sub-pilot-scale direct-contact ultrasonic dehydration technology for sustainable production of distillers dried grains (DDG).  United States: N. p., 2022. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105982.

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                    Malvandi, Amir, Nicole Coleman, Danielle, Loor, Juan J., & Feng, Hao. A novel sub-pilot-scale direct-contact ultrasonic dehydration technology for sustainable production of distillers dried grains (DDG).  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105982

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                    Malvandi, Amir, Nicole Coleman, Danielle, Loor, Juan J., and Feng, Hao. Thu .  
"A novel sub-pilot-scale direct-contact ultrasonic dehydration technology for sustainable production of distillers dried grains (DDG)".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105982.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1904778.

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@article{osti_1904778,

  title        = {A novel sub-pilot-scale direct-contact ultrasonic dehydration technology for sustainable production of distillers dried grains (DDG)},

  author       = {Malvandi, Amir and Nicole Coleman, Danielle and Loor, Juan J. and Feng, Hao},

  abstractNote = {DDG is a major source of protein, calcium, phosphorus, and sulfur is arguably the most important byproduct of the bioethanol industry with increasing demand over the past few years. Reducing energy consumption in the DDG production process and energy recovery from DDG is vital for sustainable bioethanol productions. In this paper, a novel direct-contact multi-frequency, multimode, and modulated (MMM) ultrasonic dryer (US) was developed for the first time and has been applied in dehydration of wet distillers' grain (WDG). Ultrasonic drying (US) was combined with a convective airflow (HA) at different temperatures of 25 (room temperature), 50 and 70 °C to evaluate the impact of US, HA, and US + HA on drying kinetics, activation energy, chemical compositions, microstructure, and color of DDG. Semi-empirical kinetic models were developed and evaluating drying performances showed that the application of ultrasound significantly enhanced the drying rate and decreased the drying time (by 46%), especially at low drying temperatures. The activation energy for moisture removal in the presence of ultrasound was about 50% of that without ultrasound. The final dried distillers' grains product processed by ultrasonic drying had a brighter color, a higher available protein, a higher digestible protein (the lowest acid detergent insoluble crude protein), and a better surface profile with no compromise on minerals and fiber contents.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105982},

  journal      = {Ultrasonics Sonochemistry},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 85,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Mar 17 00:00:00 EDT 2022},

  month        = {Thu Mar 17 00:00:00 EDT 2022}

}

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Title: A novel sub-pilot-scale direct-contact ultrasonic dehydration technology for sustainable production of distillers dried grains (DDG)

Abstract

Citation Formats

Drying kinetics of nickeliferous limonitic laterite ores journal, December 2003

Ultrasound-assisted fractionation of dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) at mild temperature for co-production of xylan and protein feed journal, December 2018

Particle heterogeneity of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) journal, March 2012

An assessment of the mechanisms for diffusion in the drying of bananas journal, March 2008

How can we improve the energy balance of ethanol production from wheat? journal, August 2008

Activation energies and the arrhenius equation journal, January 1985

Impact of applied ultrasonic power on the low temperature drying of apple journal, January 2016

Application of NIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis for Non-destructive evaluation of apple moisture content during ultrasonic drying journal, March 2022

Thin-layer drying of spent grains in superheated steam journal, April 2005

Thin-layer modelling of black tea drying process journal, May 2002

Comparison of Two Methods of Estimation of the Effective Moisture Diffusivity from Drying Data journal, January 1990

Distillers grains as an energy source and effect of drying on protein availability journal, August 1996

Composition of corn and distillers dried grains with solubles from dry grind ethanol processing journal, September 2004

Review: Fundamentals, applications and potentials of ultrasound-assisted drying journal, February 2020

Progress in Developing the Thin Layer Drying Equation journal, January 1974

Choosing an appropriate drying model for intermittent and continuous drying of bananas journal, March 2007

Convective drying characteristics of sludge from treatment plants in tomato processing industries journal, April 2012

Drying characteristics and quality attributes of apple slices dried by a non-thermal ultrasonic contact drying method journal, May 2021

Effect of Drying Conditions and Level of Condensed Distillers Solubles on Protein Quality of Wheat Distillers Dried Grain with Solubles journal, May 2013

A new Model for Single-Layer Drying journal, July 2002

Moisture and thermal diffusivity of seedless grape under infrared drying journal, December 2009

Control of the Maillard reaction in food systems journal, July 1990

Performance analysis and mathematical modelling of banana slices in a heat pump drying system journal, May 2020

Drying Characteristics of Distillers Wet Grains Under Varying Condensed Distillers Solubles and Drying Temperature Levels journal, January 2011

Effect of aerosol particles generated by ultrasonic humidifiers on the lung in mouse journal, January 2013

Amino acid and energy digestibility in ten samples of distillers dried grain with solubles fed to growing pigs1,2 journal, April 2006

Effect of Moisture Content and Soluble Level on the Physical, Chemical, and Flow Properties of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) journal, July 2008

Biobutanol production from fiber-enhanced DDGS pretreated with electrolyzed water journal, April 2013

Drying Characteristics and Lysine Content of Wheat Distiller's Grain with Solubles under Three Drying Methods journal, June 2011

Mathematical modelling of solar drying of apricots in thin layers journal, December 2002

Stress relaxation behavior of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in relation to caking journal, February 2013

The effect of process variables during drying on the physical and chemical characteristics of corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) – Plant scale experiments journal, January 2010

The use of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in poultry nutrition journal, June 2008

Supercooled and glassy water journal, October 2003

Physical, chemical, and nutritional characteristics of distillers dried grains with solubles for chicks and pigs journal, March 1993

Superheated Steam Drying of Distillers' Spent Grains on a Single Inert Particle journal, November 2009

Effective Moisture Diffusivity of Onion Slices undergoing Infrared Convective Drying journal, March 2006

Particle Segregation Within a Pile of Bulk Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) and Variability of Nutrient Content journal, May 2009

Comparison of Oven-drying Methods for Determination of Moisture Content in Feed Ingredients journal, October 2014

Sources of variation in composition of DDGS journal, August 2010

Effects of CDS and Drying Temperature Levels on the Flowability Behavior of DDGS journal, April 2012

Experiment study on porous fiber drying enhancement with application of power ultrasound journal, December 2017

Application of ultrasound technology in the drying of food products journal, May 2020

Physics of direct-contact ultrasonic cloth drying process journal, April 2017

A comprehensive review of thin-layer drying models used in agricultural products journal, March 2015

Drying kinetics of nickeliferous limonitic laterite ores
journal, December 2003

Ultrasound-assisted fractionation of dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) at mild temperature for co-production of xylan and protein feed
journal, December 2018

Particle heterogeneity of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS)
journal, March 2012

An assessment of the mechanisms for diffusion in the drying of bananas
journal, March 2008

How can we improve the energy balance of ethanol production from wheat?
journal, August 2008

Activation energies and the arrhenius equation
journal, January 1985

Impact of applied ultrasonic power on the low temperature drying of apple
journal, January 2016

Application of NIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis for Non-destructive evaluation of apple moisture content during ultrasonic drying
journal, March 2022

Thin-layer drying of spent grains in superheated steam
journal, April 2005

Thin-layer modelling of black tea drying process
journal, May 2002

Comparison of Two Methods of Estimation of the Effective Moisture Diffusivity from Drying Data
journal, January 1990

Distillers grains as an energy source and effect of drying on protein availability
journal, August 1996

Composition of corn and distillers dried grains with solubles from dry grind ethanol processing
journal, September 2004

Review: Fundamentals, applications and potentials of ultrasound-assisted drying
journal, February 2020

Progress in Developing the Thin Layer Drying Equation
journal, January 1974

Choosing an appropriate drying model for intermittent and continuous drying of bananas
journal, March 2007

Convective drying characteristics of sludge from treatment plants in tomato processing industries
journal, April 2012

Drying characteristics and quality attributes of apple slices dried by a non-thermal ultrasonic contact drying method
journal, May 2021

Effect of Drying Conditions and Level of Condensed Distillers Solubles on Protein Quality of Wheat Distillers Dried Grain with Solubles
journal, May 2013

A new Model for Single-Layer Drying
journal, July 2002

Moisture and thermal diffusivity of seedless grape under infrared drying
journal, December 2009

Control of the Maillard reaction in food systems
journal, July 1990

Performance analysis and mathematical modelling of banana slices in a heat pump drying system
journal, May 2020

Drying Characteristics of Distillers Wet Grains Under Varying Condensed Distillers Solubles and Drying Temperature Levels
journal, January 2011

Effect of aerosol particles generated by ultrasonic humidifiers on the lung in mouse
journal, January 2013

Amino acid and energy digestibility in ten samples of distillers dried grain with solubles fed to growing pigs1,2
journal, April 2006

Effect of Moisture Content and Soluble Level on the Physical, Chemical, and Flow Properties of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS)
journal, July 2008

Biobutanol production from fiber-enhanced DDGS pretreated with electrolyzed water
journal, April 2013

Drying Characteristics and Lysine Content of Wheat Distiller's Grain with Solubles under Three Drying Methods
journal, June 2011

Mathematical modelling of solar drying of apricots in thin layers
journal, December 2002

Stress relaxation behavior of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in relation to caking
journal, February 2013

The effect of process variables during drying on the physical and chemical characteristics of corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) – Plant scale experiments
journal, January 2010

The use of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in poultry nutrition
journal, June 2008

Supercooled and glassy water
journal, October 2003

Physical, chemical, and nutritional characteristics of distillers dried grains with solubles for chicks and pigs
journal, March 1993

Superheated Steam Drying of Distillers' Spent Grains on a Single Inert Particle
journal, November 2009

Effective Moisture Diffusivity of Onion Slices undergoing Infrared Convective Drying
journal, March 2006

Particle Segregation Within a Pile of Bulk Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) and Variability of Nutrient Content
journal, May 2009

Comparison of Oven-drying Methods for Determination of Moisture Content in Feed Ingredients
journal, October 2014

Sources of variation in composition of DDGS
journal, August 2010

Effects of CDS and Drying Temperature Levels on the Flowability Behavior of DDGS
journal, April 2012

Experiment study on porous fiber drying enhancement with application of power ultrasound
journal, December 2017

Application of ultrasound technology in the drying of food products
journal, May 2020

Physics of direct-contact ultrasonic cloth drying process
journal, April 2017

A comprehensive review of thin-layer drying models used in agricultural products
journal, March 2015