Projected sensitivity of DMRadio-m 3 : A search for the QCD axion below 1     μ eV

Brouwer, L.; Chaudhuri, S.; Cho, H. -M.; Corbin, J.; Craddock, W.; Dawson, C. S.; Droster, A.; Foster, J. W.; Fry, J. T.; Graham, P. W.; Henning, R.; Irwin, K. D.; Kadribasic, F.; Kahn, Y.; Keller, A.; Kolevatov, R.; Kuenstner, S.; Leder, A. F.; Li, D.; Ouellet, J. L.; Pappas, K. M. W.; Phipps, A.; Rapidis, N. M.; Safdi, B. R.; Salemi, C. P.; Simanovskaia, M.; Singh, J.; van Assendelft, E. C.; van Bibber, K.; Wells, K.; Winslow, L.; Wisniewski, W. J.; Young, B. A.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.106.103008

Title: Projected sensitivity of ${DMRadio-m}^{3}$ : A search for the QCD axion below $1 μ eV$

Abstract

The QCD axion is one of the most compelling candidates to explain the dark matter abundance of the Universe. With its extremely small mass ($$\ll$$1 eV=c²), axion dark matter interacts as a classical field rather than a particle. Its coupling to photons leads to a modification of Maxwell’s equations that can be measured with extremely sensitive readout circuits. DMRadio-m³ is a next-generation search for axion dark matter below 1 μeV using a > 4 T static magnetic field, a coaxial inductive pickup, a tunable LC resonator, and a DC-SQUID readout. It is designed to search for QCD axion dark matter over the range 20 neV ≲ m_ac² ≲ 800 neV (5 MHz < ν < 200 MHz). The primary science goal aims to achieve Dine-Fischler-Srednicki- Zhitnitsky sensitivity above m_ac² ≈ 120 neV (30 MHz), with a secondary science goal of probing Kim- Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov axions down to m_ac² ≈ 40 neV (10 MHz).

Authors:

Brouwer, L.; Chaudhuri, S.; Cho, H. -M.; Corbin, J.; Craddock, W.; Dawson, C. S.; Droster, A.; Foster, J. W.; Fry, J. T.; Graham, P. W.; Henning, R.; Irwin, K. D.; Kadribasic, F.; Kahn, Y.; Keller, A.; Kolevatov, R.; Kuenstner, S.; Leder, A. F.; Li, D.;

Publication Date:: Tue Nov 08 00:00:00 EST 2022

Research Org.:: Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States). Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF); Simons Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation

Contributing Org.:: DMRadio Collaboration

OSTI Identifier:: 1897549

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1907684

Grant/Contract Number:: 100559; SC0015655; DESC0019225; FG02-97ER41033; SC0019225; 2110720; 2014215; 1122374; 824870; 7946

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Physical Review D

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Physical Review D Journal Volume: 106 Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS

Citation Formats


                    Brouwer, L., Chaudhuri, S., Cho, H. -M., Corbin, J., Craddock, W., Dawson, C. S., Droster, A., Foster, J. W., Fry, J. T., Graham, P. W., Henning, R., Irwin, K. D., Kadribasic, F., Kahn, Y., Keller, A., Kolevatov, R., Kuenstner, S., Leder, A. F., Li, D., Ouellet, J. L., Pappas, K. M. W., Phipps, A., Rapidis, N. M., Safdi, B. R., Salemi, C. P., Simanovskaia, M., Singh, J., van Assendelft, E. C., van Bibber, K., Wells, K., Winslow, L., Wisniewski, W. J., Young, B. A., and DMRadio Collaboration. Projected sensitivity of DMRadio-m 3 : A search for the QCD axion below 1     μ eV.  United States: N. p., 2022. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.106.103008.

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                    Brouwer, L., Chaudhuri, S., Cho, H. -M., Corbin, J., Craddock, W., Dawson, C. S., Droster, A., Foster, J. W., Fry, J. T., Graham, P. W., Henning, R., Irwin, K. D., Kadribasic, F., Kahn, Y., Keller, A., Kolevatov, R., Kuenstner, S., Leder, A. F., Li, D., Ouellet, J. L., Pappas, K. M. W., Phipps, A., Rapidis, N. M., Safdi, B. R., Salemi, C. P., Simanovskaia, M., Singh, J., van Assendelft, E. C., van Bibber, K., Wells, K., Winslow, L., Wisniewski, W. J., Young, B. A., & DMRadio Collaboration. Projected sensitivity of DMRadio-m 3 : A search for the QCD axion below 1     μ eV.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.106.103008

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                    Brouwer, L., Chaudhuri, S., Cho, H. -M., Corbin, J., Craddock, W., Dawson, C. S., Droster, A., Foster, J. W., Fry, J. T., Graham, P. W., Henning, R., Irwin, K. D., Kadribasic, F., Kahn, Y., Keller, A., Kolevatov, R., Kuenstner, S., Leder, A. F., Li, D., Ouellet, J. L., Pappas, K. M. W., Phipps, A., Rapidis, N. M., Safdi, B. R., Salemi, C. P., Simanovskaia, M., Singh, J., van Assendelft, E. C., van Bibber, K., Wells, K., Winslow, L., Wisniewski, W. J., Young, B. A., and DMRadio Collaboration. Tue .  
"Projected sensitivity of DMRadio-m 3 : A search for the QCD axion below 1     μ eV".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.106.103008.

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@article{osti_1897549,

  title        = {Projected sensitivity of DMRadio-m 3 : A search for the QCD axion below 1     μ eV},

  author       = {Brouwer, L. and Chaudhuri, S. and Cho, H. -M. and Corbin, J. and Craddock, W. and Dawson, C. S. and Droster, A. and Foster, J. W. and Fry, J. T. and Graham, P. W. and Henning, R. and Irwin, K. D. and Kadribasic, F. and Kahn, Y. and Keller, A. and Kolevatov, R. and Kuenstner, S. and Leder, A. F. and Li, D. and Ouellet, J. L. and Pappas, K. M. W. and Phipps, A. and Rapidis, N. M. and Safdi, B. R. and Salemi, C. P. and Simanovskaia, M. and Singh, J. and van Assendelft, E. C. and van Bibber, K. and Wells, K. and Winslow, L. and Wisniewski, W. J. and Young, B. A. and DMRadio Collaboration},

  abstractNote = {The QCD axion is one of the most compelling candidates to explain the dark matter abundance of the Universe. With its extremely small mass ($\ll$1 eV=c2), axion dark matter interacts as a classical field rather than a particle. Its coupling to photons leads to a modification of Maxwell’s equations that can be measured with extremely sensitive readout circuits. DMRadio-m3 is a next-generation search for axion dark matter below 1 μeV using a > 4 T static magnetic field, a coaxial inductive pickup, a tunable LC resonator, and a DC-SQUID readout. It is designed to search for QCD axion dark matter over the range 20 neV ≲ mac2 ≲ 800 neV (5 MHz < ν < 200 MHz). The primary science goal aims to achieve Dine-Fischler-Srednicki- Zhitnitsky sensitivity above mac2 ≈ 120 neV (30 MHz), with a secondary science goal of probing Kim- Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov axions down to mac2 ≈ 40 neV (10 MHz).},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevD.106.103008},

  journal      = {Physical Review D},

  number       = 10,

  volume       = 106,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Nov 08 00:00:00 EST 2022},

  month        = {Tue Nov 08 00:00:00 EST 2022}

}

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Title: Projected sensitivity of DMRadio-m 3 : A search for the QCD axion below 1 μ eV

Abstract

Citation Formats

The not-so-harmless axion journal, January 1983

10ℏ superconducting quantum interference device amplifier for acoustic gravitational wave detectors journal, October 2008

Cosmology of the invisible axion journal, January 1983

First Results from ABRACADABRA-10 cm: A Search for Sub- μ eV Axion Dark Matter journal, March 2019

Axion mass prediction from minimal grand unification journal, November 2018

Proposal for Axion Dark Matter Detection Using an L C Circuit journal, March 2014

Supersymmetric axion grand unified theories and their predictions journal, October 2016

Anomaly cancellations in supersymmetric D = 10 gauge theory and superstring theory journal, December 1984

Can confinement ensure natural CP invariance of strong interactions? journal, April 1980

ADMX SLIC: Results from a Superconducting LC Circuit Investigating Cold Axions journal, June 2020

Problem of Strong P and T Invariance in the Presence of Instantons journal, January 1978

A simple solution to the strong CP problem with a harmless axion journal, August 1981

Towards string theory expectations for photon couplings to axionlike particles journal, November 2019

Axion cosmology and the energy scale of inflation journal, October 2008

Dimensionless constants, cosmology, and other dark matters journal, January 2006

Extended Search for the Invisible Axion with the Axion Dark Matter Experiment journal, March 2020

Results from a search for cosmic axions journal, August 1990

Predictions for axion couplings from ALP cogenesis journal, January 2021

The landscape of QCD axion models journal, July 2020

Constraints imposed by CP conservation in the presence of pseudoparticles journal, September 1977

Stochastic axion scenario journal, August 2018

Axion dark matter, proton decay and unification journal, January 2020

An M theory solution to the strong CP-problem, and constraints on the axiverse journal, November 2010

Broadband and Resonant Approaches to Axion Dark Matter Detection journal, September 2016

CP Conservation in the Presence of Pseudoparticles journal, June 1977

Design Overview of DM Radio Pathfinder Experiment journal, June 2017

Axion properties in GUTs conference, September 2019

Weak-Interaction Singlet and Strong CP Invariance journal, July 1979

Search for axion-like dark matter with ferromagnets journal, August 2020

Axions in string theory journal, June 2006

Constraints on the Coupling between Axionlike Dark Matter and Photons Using an Antiproton Superconducting Tuned Detection Circuit in a Cryogenic Penning Trap journal, January 2021

QCD axion window and low-scale inflation journal, July 2018

Search for Low-Mass Axion Dark Matter with ABRACADABRA-10 cm journal, August 2021

SU(5) and the Invisible Axion journal, August 1981

Calculated signal-to-noise ratio of MRI detected with SQUIDs and Faraday detectors in fields from 10μT to 1.5T journal, June 2007

Empirical Determination of Dark Matter Velocities Using Metal-Poor Stars journal, January 2018

Searching for axions and ALPs from string theory journal, March 2014

Back-action evasion and squeezing of a mechanical resonator using a cavity detector journal, September 2008

Standard Model—axion—seesaw—Higgs portal inflation. Five problems of particle physics and cosmology solved in one stroke journal, August 2017

Calculation of the axion mass based on high-temperature lattice quantum chromodynamics journal, November 2016

Axion Dark Matter Search around 6.7 μ eV journal, March 2020

First Results from a Microwave Cavity Axion Search at 24 μ eV journal, February 2017

The QCD axion and unification journal, November 2019

Introduction to quantum noise, measurement, and amplification journal, April 2010

A cosmological bound on the invisible axion journal, January 1983

Search for Majorana neutrinos exploiting millikelvin cryogenics with CUORE journal, April 2022

Dark matter local density determination: recent observations and future prospects journal, October 2021

Design and implementation of the ABRACADABRA-10 cm axion dark matter search journal, March 2019

The type IIB string axiverse and its low-energy phenomenology journal, October 2012

Radio for hidden-photon dark matter detection journal, October 2015

The CUORE cryostat: An infrastructure for rare event searches at millikelvin temperatures journal, September 2019

Search for invisible axion dark matter of mass m a = 43 μ eV with the QUAX– a γ experiment journal, May 2021

The QCD axion and moduli stabilisation journal, May 2006

Some properties of O(32) superstrings journal, December 1984

Axion predictions in SO(10) × U(1)PQ models journal, February 2018

A New Light Boson? journal, January 1978

Large-scale microwave cavity search for dark-matter axions journal, October 2001

Search for Invisible Axion Dark Matter in the 3.3 – 4.2 μ eV Mass Range journal, December 2021

A quantum enhanced search for dark matter axions journal, February 2021

Impedance matching to axion dark matter: considerations of the photon-electron interaction journal, December 2021

Title: Projected sensitivity of ${DMRadio-m}^{3}$ : A search for the QCD axion below $1 μ eV$

The not-so-harmless axion
journal, January 1983

10ℏ superconducting quantum interference device amplifier for acoustic gravitational wave detectors
journal, October 2008

Cosmology of the invisible axion
journal, January 1983

First Results from ABRACADABRA-10 cm: A Search for Sub- $μ eV$ Axion Dark Matter
journal, March 2019

Axion mass prediction from minimal grand unification
journal, November 2018

Proposal for Axion Dark Matter Detection Using an $L C$ Circuit
journal, March 2014

Supersymmetric axion grand unified theories and their predictions
journal, October 2016

Anomaly cancellations in supersymmetric D = 10 gauge theory and superstring theory
journal, December 1984

Can confinement ensure natural CP invariance of strong interactions?
journal, April 1980

ADMX SLIC: Results from a Superconducting LC Circuit Investigating Cold Axions
journal, June 2020

Problem of Strong $P$ and $T$ Invariance in the Presence of Instantons
journal, January 1978

A simple solution to the strong CP problem with a harmless axion
journal, August 1981

Towards string theory expectations for photon couplings to axionlike particles
journal, November 2019

Axion cosmology and the energy scale of inflation
journal, October 2008

Dimensionless constants, cosmology, and other dark matters
journal, January 2006

Extended Search for the Invisible Axion with the Axion Dark Matter Experiment
journal, March 2020

Results from a search for cosmic axions
journal, August 1990

Predictions for axion couplings from ALP cogenesis
journal, January 2021

The landscape of QCD axion models
journal, July 2020

Constraints imposed by $CP$ conservation in the presence of pseudoparticles
journal, September 1977

Stochastic axion scenario
journal, August 2018

Axion dark matter, proton decay and unification
journal, January 2020

An M theory solution to the strong CP-problem, and constraints on the axiverse
journal, November 2010

Broadband and Resonant Approaches to Axion Dark Matter Detection
journal, September 2016

$CP$ Conservation in the Presence of Pseudoparticles
journal, June 1977

Design Overview of DM Radio Pathfinder Experiment
journal, June 2017

Axion properties in GUTs
conference, September 2019

Weak-Interaction Singlet and Strong $CP$ Invariance
journal, July 1979

Search for axion-like dark matter with ferromagnets
journal, August 2020

Axions in string theory
journal, June 2006

Constraints on the Coupling between Axionlike Dark Matter and Photons Using an Antiproton Superconducting Tuned Detection Circuit in a Cryogenic Penning Trap
journal, January 2021

QCD axion window and low-scale inflation
journal, July 2018

Search for Low-Mass Axion Dark Matter with ABRACADABRA-10 cm
journal, August 2021

SU(5) and the Invisible Axion
journal, August 1981

Calculated signal-to-noise ratio of MRI detected with SQUIDs and Faraday detectors in fields from 10μT to 1.5T
journal, June 2007

Empirical Determination of Dark Matter Velocities Using Metal-Poor Stars
journal, January 2018

Searching for axions and ALPs from string theory
journal, March 2014

Back-action evasion and squeezing of a mechanical resonator using a cavity detector
journal, September 2008

Standard Model—axion—seesaw—Higgs portal inflation. Five problems of particle physics and cosmology solved in one stroke
journal, August 2017

Calculation of the axion mass based on high-temperature lattice quantum chromodynamics
journal, November 2016

Axion Dark Matter Search around $6.7 μ eV$
journal, March 2020

First Results from a Microwave Cavity Axion Search at $24 μ eV$
journal, February 2017

The QCD axion and unification
journal, November 2019

Introduction to quantum noise, measurement, and amplification
journal, April 2010

A cosmological bound on the invisible axion
journal, January 1983

Search for Majorana neutrinos exploiting millikelvin cryogenics with CUORE
journal, April 2022

Dark matter local density determination: recent observations and future prospects
journal, October 2021

Design and implementation of the ABRACADABRA-10 cm axion dark matter search
journal, March 2019

The type IIB string axiverse and its low-energy phenomenology
journal, October 2012

Radio for hidden-photon dark matter detection
journal, October 2015

The CUORE cryostat: An infrastructure for rare event searches at millikelvin temperatures
journal, September 2019

Search for invisible axion dark matter of mass $m_{a} = 43 μ eV$ with the QUAX– $a γ$ experiment
journal, May 2021

The QCD axion and moduli stabilisation
journal, May 2006

Some properties of O(32) superstrings
journal, December 1984

Axion predictions in SO(10) × U(1)PQ models
journal, February 2018

A New Light Boson?
journal, January 1978

Large-scale microwave cavity search for dark-matter axions
journal, October 2001

Search for Invisible Axion Dark Matter in the $3.3 - 4.2 μ eV$ Mass Range
journal, December 2021

A quantum enhanced search for dark matter axions
journal, February 2021

Impedance matching to axion dark matter: considerations of the photon-electron interaction
journal, December 2021