Effects of Impact and Target Parameters on the Results of a Kinetic Impactor: Predictions for the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) Mission

Stickle, Angela M.; DeCoster, Mallory E.; Burger, Christoph; Caldwell, Wendy K.; Graninger, Dawn; Kumamoto, Kathryn M.; Luther, Robert; Ormö, Jens; Raducan, Sabina; Rainey, Emma; Schäfer, Christoph M.; Walker, James D.; Zhang, Yun; Michel, Patrick; Michael Owen, J.; Barnouin, Olivier; Cheng, Andy F.; Chocron, Sidney; Collins, Gareth S.; Davison, Thomas M.; Dotto, Elisabetta; Ferrari, Fabio; Isabel Herreros, M.; Ivanovski, Stavro L.; Jutzi, Martin; Lucchetti, Alice; Martellato, Elena; Pajola, Maurizio; Plesko, Cathy S.; Bruck Syal, Megan; Schwartz, Stephen R.; Sunshine, Jessica M.; Wünnemann, Kai

doi:10.3847/PSJ/ac91cc

Title: Effects of Impact and Target Parameters on the Results of a Kinetic Impactor: Predictions for the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) Mission

Journal Article · Fri Nov 04 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · The Planetary Science Journal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ac91cc · OSTI ID:1897249

;

; Burger, Christoph; Caldwell, Wendy K.; Graninger, Dawn;

;

; Ormö, Jens;

; Rainey, Emma; Schäfer, Christoph M.; Walker, James D.;

;

Abstract The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft will impact into the asteroid Dimorphos on 2022 September 26 as a test of the kinetic impactor technique for planetary defense. The efficiency of the deflection following a kinetic impactor can be represented using the momentum enhancement factor, β , which is dependent on factors such as impact geometry and the specific target material properties. Currently, very little is known about Dimorphos and its material properties, which introduces uncertainty in the results of the deflection efficiency observables, including crater formation, ejecta distribution, and β . The DART Impact Modeling Working Group (IWG) is responsible for using impact simulations to better understand the results of the DART impact. Pre-impact simulation studies also provide considerable insight into how different properties and impact scenarios affect momentum enhancement following a kinetic impact. This insight provides a basis for predicting the effects of the DART impact and the first understanding of how to interpret results following the encounter. Following the DART impact, the knowledge gained from these studies will inform the initial simulations that will recreate the impact conditions, including providing estimates for potential material properties of Dimorphos and β resulting from DART’s impact. This paper summarizes, at a high level, what has been learned from the IWG simulations and experiments in preparation for the DART impact. While unknown, estimates for reasonable potential material properties of Dimorphos provide predictions for β of 1–5, depending on end-member cases in the strength regime.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1897249

Journal Information:: The Planetary Science Journal, Journal Name: The Planetary Science Journal Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 3; ISSN 2632-3338

Publisher:: American Astronomical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Pre-encounter Predictions of DART Impact Ejecta Behavior and Observability Fahnestock, Eugene G.; Cheng, Andrew F.; Ivanovski, Stavro The Planetary Science Journal, Vol. 3, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ac7fa1	journal	September 2022
Momentum Enhancement from a 3 cm Diameter Aluminum Sphere Striking a Small Boulder Assembly at 5.4 km s⁻¹ Walker, James D.; Chocron, Sidney; Grosch, Donald J. The Planetary Science Journal, Vol. 3, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ac854f	journal	September 2022
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Shape Modeling of Dimorphos for the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) Terik Daly, R.; Ernst, Carolyn M.; Barnouin, Olivier S. The Planetary Science Journal, Vol. 3, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.3847/psj/ac7523	journal	September 2022
Predictions for the Dynamical States of the Didymos System before and after the Planned DART Impact Richardson, Derek C.; Agrusa, Harrison F.; Barbee, Brent The Planetary Science Journal, Vol. 3, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.3847/psj/ac76c9	journal	July 2022
Momentum Enhancement during Kinetic Impacts in the Low-intermediate-strength Regime: Benchmarking and Validation of Impact Shock Physics Codes Luther, Robert; Raducan, Sabina D.; Burger, Christoph The Planetary Science Journal, Vol. 3, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.3847/psj/ac8b89	journal	October 2022

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