Enemy or ally: a genomic approach to elucidate the lifestyle of Phyllosticta citrichinaensis

Buijs, Valerie A.; Groenewald, Johannes Z.; Haridas, Sajeet; LaButti, Kurt M.; Lipzen, Anna; Martin, Francis M.; Barry, Kerrie; Grigoriev, Igor V.; Crous, Pedro W.; Seidl, Michael F.

doi:10.1093/g3journal/jkac061

Title: Enemy or ally: a genomic approach to elucidate the lifestyle of Phyllosticta citrichinaensis

Journal Article · Mon Mar 21 00:00:00 UTC 2022 · G3

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkac061 · OSTI ID:1884780

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Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht (Netherlands); Wageningen Univ. (Netherlands)
Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht (Netherlands)
USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Universite de Lorraine, Champenoux (France)
USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Utrecht University (Netherlands)

Members of the fungal genus Phyllosticta can colonize a variety of plant hosts, including several Citrus species such as Citrus sinensis (orange), Citrus limon (lemon), and Citrus maxima (pomelo). Some Phyllosticta species have the capacity to cause disease, such as Citrus Black Spot, while others have only been observed as endophytes. Thus far, genomic differences underlying lifestyle adaptations of Phyllosticta species have not yet been studied. Furthermore, the lifestyle of Phyllosticta citrichinaensis is ambiguous, as it has been described as a weak pathogen but Koch’s postulates may not have been established and the presence of this species was never reported to cause any crop or economic losses. Here, we examined the genomic differences between pathogenic and endophytic Phyllosticta spp. colonizing Citrus and specifically aimed to elucidate the lifestyle of Phyllosticta citrichinaensis. We found several genomic differences between species of different lifestyles, including groups of genes that were only present in pathogens or endophytes. We also observed that species, based on their carbohydrate active enzymes, group independent of their phylogenetic association, and this clustering correlated with trophy prediction. Phyllosticta citrichinaensis shows an intermediate lifestyle, sharing genomic and phenotypic attributes of both pathogens and endophytes. We thus present the first genomic comparison of multiple citrus-colonizing pathogens and endophytes of the genus Phyllosticta, and therefore provide the basis for further comparative studies into the lifestyle adaptations within this genus.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1884780

Journal Information:: G3, Journal Name: G3 Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 12; ISSN 2160-1836

Publisher:: Genetics Society of AmericaCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Enemy or ally: a genomic approach to elucidate the lifestyle of Phyllosticta citrichinaensis

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