Nanoscale solid-state nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy using depth-optimized nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) spectroscopy of bulk quantum materials have provided insight into phenomena, such as quantum phase criticality, magnetism, and superconductivity. With the emergence of nanoscale 2D materials with magnetic phenomena, inductively detected NMR and NQR spectroscopy are not sensitive enough to detect the smaller number of spins in nanomaterials. The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has shown promise in bringing the analytic power of NMR and NQR spectroscopy to the nanoscale. However, due to depth-dependent formation efficiency of the defect centers, noise from surface spins, band bending effects, and the depth dependence of the nuclear magnetic field, there is ambiguity regarding the ideal NV depth for surface NMR of statistically polarized spins. In this work, we prepared a range of shallow NV ensemble layer depths and determined the ideal NV depth by performing NMR spectroscopy on statistically polarized 19F in Fomblin oil on the diamond surface. We found that the measurement time needed to achieve a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 using XY8-N noise spectroscopy has a minimum at an NV ensemble depth of 5.5 ± 1.5 nm for ensembles activated from 100 ppm nitrogen concentration. To demonstrate the sensing capabilities of NV ensembles,more »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
[1];
[4];
[3];
[5];
[1]
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States); Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Brown Univ., Providence, RI (United States)
- National Inst. for Materials Science, Tsukuba (Japan)
- Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); MEXT, Japan; JSPS KAKENHI; National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1872021
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1865227
- Report Number(s):
- SAND2022-6101J
Journal ID: ISSN 0003-6951; 706398; TRN: US2307093
- Grant/Contract Number:
- NA0003525; JPMXP0112101001; 19H05790; 20H00354; 21H05233; DMR-2143384
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Applied Physics Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 120; Journal Issue: 17; Journal ID: ISSN 0003-6951
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics (AIP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Signal-to-noise ratio; Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy; 2D materials; Larmor precession; Nanomaterials; Semiconductors; Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Citation Formats
Henshaw, Jacob, Kehayias, Pauli, Saleh Ziabari, Maziar, Titze, Michael, Morissette, Erin, Watanabe, Kenji, Taniguchi, Takashi, Li, J. A., Acosta, Victor M., Bielejec, Edward S., Lilly, Michael P., and Mounce, Andrew M. Nanoscale solid-state nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy using depth-optimized nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond. United States: N. p., 2022.
Web. doi:10.1063/5.0083774.
Henshaw, Jacob, Kehayias, Pauli, Saleh Ziabari, Maziar, Titze, Michael, Morissette, Erin, Watanabe, Kenji, Taniguchi, Takashi, Li, J. A., Acosta, Victor M., Bielejec, Edward S., Lilly, Michael P., & Mounce, Andrew M. Nanoscale solid-state nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy using depth-optimized nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0083774
Henshaw, Jacob, Kehayias, Pauli, Saleh Ziabari, Maziar, Titze, Michael, Morissette, Erin, Watanabe, Kenji, Taniguchi, Takashi, Li, J. A., Acosta, Victor M., Bielejec, Edward S., Lilly, Michael P., and Mounce, Andrew M. Wed .
"Nanoscale solid-state nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy using depth-optimized nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0083774. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1872021.
@article{osti_1872021,
title = {Nanoscale solid-state nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy using depth-optimized nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond},
author = {Henshaw, Jacob and Kehayias, Pauli and Saleh Ziabari, Maziar and Titze, Michael and Morissette, Erin and Watanabe, Kenji and Taniguchi, Takashi and Li, J. A. and Acosta, Victor M. and Bielejec, Edward S. and Lilly, Michael P. and Mounce, Andrew M.},
abstractNote = {Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) spectroscopy of bulk quantum materials have provided insight into phenomena, such as quantum phase criticality, magnetism, and superconductivity. With the emergence of nanoscale 2D materials with magnetic phenomena, inductively detected NMR and NQR spectroscopy are not sensitive enough to detect the smaller number of spins in nanomaterials. The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has shown promise in bringing the analytic power of NMR and NQR spectroscopy to the nanoscale. However, due to depth-dependent formation efficiency of the defect centers, noise from surface spins, band bending effects, and the depth dependence of the nuclear magnetic field, there is ambiguity regarding the ideal NV depth for surface NMR of statistically polarized spins. In this work, we prepared a range of shallow NV ensemble layer depths and determined the ideal NV depth by performing NMR spectroscopy on statistically polarized 19F in Fomblin oil on the diamond surface. We found that the measurement time needed to achieve a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 using XY8-N noise spectroscopy has a minimum at an NV ensemble depth of 5.5 ± 1.5 nm for ensembles activated from 100 ppm nitrogen concentration. To demonstrate the sensing capabilities of NV ensembles, we perform NQR spectroscopy on the 11B of hexagonal boron nitride flakes. We compare our best diamond to previous work with a single NV and find that this ensemble provides a shorter measurement time with excitation diameters as small as 4 μm. Furthermore, this analysis provides ideal conditions for further experiments involving NMR/NQR spectroscopy of 2D materials with magnetic properties.},
doi = {10.1063/5.0083774},
journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
number = 17,
volume = 120,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Apr 27 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Wed Apr 27 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}
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