Measurement of Transport Properties of Woody Biomass Feedstock Particles Before and After Pyrolysis by Numerical Analysis of X-Ray Tomographic Reconstructions
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass has a complex, species-specific microstructure that governs heat and mass transport during conversion processes. A quantitative understanding of the evolution of pore size and structure is critical to optimize conversion processes for biofuel and bio-based chemical production. Further, improving our understanding of the microstructure of biochar coproduct will accelerate development of its myriad applications. This work quantitatively compares the microstructural features and the anisotropic permeabilities of two woody feedstocks, red oak and Douglas fir, using X-ray computed tomography (XCT) before and after the feedstocks are subjected to pyrolysis. Quantitative analysis of the three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions allows for direct calculations of void fractions, pore size distributions and tortuosity factors. Next, 3D images are imported into an immersed boundary based finite volume solver to simulate gas flow through the porous structure and to directly calculate the principal permeabilities along longitudinal, radial, and tangential directions. The permeabilities of native biomass are seen to differ by three to four orders of magnitude in the different principal directions, but we find that this anisotropy is substantially reduced in the biochar formed during pyrolysis. The quantitative transport properties reported here enhance the ability of pyrolysis simulations to account for feedstock-specific effects and thereby providemore »
- Authors:
-
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
- Forest Concepts, Auburn, WA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1871807
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-2800-81834
Journal ID: ISSN 2296-598X; MainId:82607;UUID:e7c32608-da1c-4137-9e77-864d221202ac;MainAdminID:64611
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Frontiers in Energy Research
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 2296-598X
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 09 BIOMASS FUELS; adaptive mesh refinement; biomass; characterization; pyrolysis; feedstock conversion; image analysis; transport phenomena; X-ray computed tomography
Citation Formats
Crowley, Meagan F., Sitaraman, Hariswaran, Klinger, Jordan, Usseglio-Viretta, Francois, Thornburg, Nicholas E., Brunhart-Lupo, Nicholas, Pecha, M. Brennan, Dooley, James H., Xia, Yidong, and Ciesielski, Peter N. Measurement of Transport Properties of Woody Biomass Feedstock Particles Before and After Pyrolysis by Numerical Analysis of X-Ray Tomographic Reconstructions. United States: N. p., 2022.
Web. doi:10.3389/fenrg.2022.850630.
Crowley, Meagan F., Sitaraman, Hariswaran, Klinger, Jordan, Usseglio-Viretta, Francois, Thornburg, Nicholas E., Brunhart-Lupo, Nicholas, Pecha, M. Brennan, Dooley, James H., Xia, Yidong, & Ciesielski, Peter N. Measurement of Transport Properties of Woody Biomass Feedstock Particles Before and After Pyrolysis by Numerical Analysis of X-Ray Tomographic Reconstructions. United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2022.850630
Crowley, Meagan F., Sitaraman, Hariswaran, Klinger, Jordan, Usseglio-Viretta, Francois, Thornburg, Nicholas E., Brunhart-Lupo, Nicholas, Pecha, M. Brennan, Dooley, James H., Xia, Yidong, and Ciesielski, Peter N. Thu .
"Measurement of Transport Properties of Woody Biomass Feedstock Particles Before and After Pyrolysis by Numerical Analysis of X-Ray Tomographic Reconstructions". United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2022.850630. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1871807.
@article{osti_1871807,
title = {Measurement of Transport Properties of Woody Biomass Feedstock Particles Before and After Pyrolysis by Numerical Analysis of X-Ray Tomographic Reconstructions},
author = {Crowley, Meagan F. and Sitaraman, Hariswaran and Klinger, Jordan and Usseglio-Viretta, Francois and Thornburg, Nicholas E. and Brunhart-Lupo, Nicholas and Pecha, M. Brennan and Dooley, James H. and Xia, Yidong and Ciesielski, Peter N.},
abstractNote = {Lignocellulosic biomass has a complex, species-specific microstructure that governs heat and mass transport during conversion processes. A quantitative understanding of the evolution of pore size and structure is critical to optimize conversion processes for biofuel and bio-based chemical production. Further, improving our understanding of the microstructure of biochar coproduct will accelerate development of its myriad applications. This work quantitatively compares the microstructural features and the anisotropic permeabilities of two woody feedstocks, red oak and Douglas fir, using X-ray computed tomography (XCT) before and after the feedstocks are subjected to pyrolysis. Quantitative analysis of the three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions allows for direct calculations of void fractions, pore size distributions and tortuosity factors. Next, 3D images are imported into an immersed boundary based finite volume solver to simulate gas flow through the porous structure and to directly calculate the principal permeabilities along longitudinal, radial, and tangential directions. The permeabilities of native biomass are seen to differ by three to four orders of magnitude in the different principal directions, but we find that this anisotropy is substantially reduced in the biochar formed during pyrolysis. The quantitative transport properties reported here enhance the ability of pyrolysis simulations to account for feedstock-specific effects and thereby provide a useful touchstone for the biorefining community.},
doi = {10.3389/fenrg.2022.850630},
journal = {Frontiers in Energy Research},
number = ,
volume = 10,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Apr 28 00:00:00 EDT 2022},
month = {Thu Apr 28 00:00:00 EDT 2022}
}
Works referenced in this record:
Advances in Multiscale Modeling of Lignocellulosic Biomass
journal, February 2020
- Ciesielski, Peter N.; Pecha, M. Brennan; Lattanzi, Aaron M.
- ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 8, Issue 9
CASTRO: A Massively Parallel Compressible Astrophysics Simulation Code
journal, October 2020
- Almgren, Ann; Sazo, Maria; Bell, John
- Journal of Open Source Software, Vol. 5, Issue 54
Identification of the fractions responsible for morphology conservation in lignocellulosic pyrolysis: Visualization studies of sugarcane bagasse and its pseudo-components
journal, January 2017
- Montoya, Jorge; Pecha, Brennan; Janna, Farid Chejne
- Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, Vol. 123
A computational framework for the pyrolysis of anisotropic biomass particles
journal, August 2017
- Gentile, Giancarlo; Debiagi, Paulo Eduardo Amaral; Cuoci, Alberto
- Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol. 321
Multiphysics modeling and simulation of high-solids dilute-acid pretreatment of corn stover in a steam-explosion reactor
journal, May 2015
- Sitaraman, Hariswaran; Kuhn, Erik M.; Nag, Ambarish
- Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol. 268
Porosity and pore size distribution of different wood types as determined by mercury intrusion porosimetry
journal, November 2010
- Plötze, Michael; Niemz, Peter
- European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, Vol. 69, Issue 4
The influence of constrictivity on the effective transport properties of porous layers in electrolysis and fuel cells
journal, October 2012
- Holzer, L.; Wiedenmann, D.; Münch, B.
- Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 48, Issue 7
Impacts of Anisotropic Porosity on Heat Transfer and Off-Gassing during Biomass Pyrolysis
journal, December 2021
- Pecha, M. Brennan; Thornburg, Nicholas E.; Peterson, Chad A.
- Energy & Fuels, Vol. 35, Issue 24
X-ray computed tomography-based porosity analysis: Algorithms and application for porous woody biomass
journal, August 2021
- Sun, Quan; Xia, Yidong; Klinger, Jordan
- Powder Technology, Vol. 388
High-resolution mass spectrometric analysis of biomass pyrolysis vapors
journal, March 2017
- Christensen, Earl; Evans, Robert J.; Carpenter, Daniel
- Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, Vol. 124
TauFactor: An open-source application for calculating tortuosity factors from tomographic data
journal, January 2016
- Cooper, S. J.; Bertei, A.; Shearing, P. R.
- SoftwareX, Vol. 5
Lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis: A review of product properties and effects of pyrolysis parameters
journal, May 2016
- Kan, Tao; Strezov, Vladimir; Evans, Tim J.
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 57
Rapid change of particle velocity due to volatile gas release during biomass devolatilization
journal, April 2022
- Llamas, Ángel David García; Guo, Ning; Li, Tian
- Combustion and Flame, Vol. 238
A review of biochar as a low-cost adsorbent for aqueous heavy metal removal
journal, December 2015
- Inyang, Mandu I.; Gao, Bin; Yao, Ying
- Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 46, Issue 4
Quantitative Relationships Between Pore Tortuosity, Pore Topology, and Solid Particle Morphology Using a Novel Discrete Particle Size Algorithm
journal, June 2020
- Usseglio-Viretta, Francois L. E.; Finegan, Donal P.; Colclasure, Andrew
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 167, Issue 10
Structural analysis of biomass pyrolysis and oxidation using in-situ X-ray computed tomography
journal, January 2022
- Boigné, Emeric; Bennett, N. Robert; Wang, Adam
- Combustion and Flame, Vol. 235
A sequel to AUSM, Part II: AUSM+-up for all speeds
journal, May 2006
- Liou, Meng-Sing
- Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 214, Issue 1
Biochar as a Catalyst
journal, September 2017
- Lee, Jechan; Kim, Ki-Hyun; Kwon, Eilhann E.
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 77
Micropores and mesopores in the cell wall of dry wood
journal, November 2009
- Kojiro, Keisuke; Miki, Tsunehisa; Sugimoto, Hiroyuki
- Journal of Wood Science, Vol. 56, Issue 2
Highly ordered macroporous woody biochar with ultra-high carbon content as supercapacitor electrodes
journal, December 2013
- Jiang, Junhua; Zhang, Lei; Wang, Xinying
- Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 113
Progress in understanding the four dominant intra-particle phenomena of lignocellulose pyrolysis: chemical reactions, heat transfer, mass transfer, and phase change
journal, January 2019
- Pecha, M. Brennan; Arbelaez, Jorge Ivan Montoya; Garcia-Perez, Manuel
- Green Chemistry, Vol. 21, Issue 11
Adaptive mesh based combustion simulations of direct fuel injection effects in a supersonic cavity flame-holder
journal, October 2021
- Sitaraman, Hariswaran; Yellapantula, Shashank; Henry de Frahan, Marc T.
- Combustion and Flame, Vol. 232
Assessing accuracy of gas-driven permeability measurements: a comparative study of diverse Hassler-cell and probe permeameter devices
journal, January 2014
- Filomena, C. M.; Hornung, J.; Stollhofen, H.
- Solid Earth, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Characterisation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Ni–8YSZ substrate by synchrotron X-ray nano-tomography: from 3D reconstruction to microstructure quantification
journal, January 2012
- Laurencin, J.; Quey, R.; Delette, G.
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 198
Estimation of Heat Transfer Coefficients for Biomass Particles by Direct Numerical Simulation Using Microstructured Particle Models in the Laminar Regime
journal, November 2016
- Pecha, M. Brennan; Garcia-Perez, Manuel; Foust, Thomas D.
- ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Biomass microspheres – A new method for characterization of biomass pyrolysis and shrinkage
journal, February 2019
- Zolghadr, Ali; Kelley, Matthew D.; Sokhansefat, Ghazal
- Bioresource Technology, Vol. 273
Determination of the Pore Size of Cell Walls of Living Plant Cells
journal, September 1979
- Carpita, N.; Sabularse, D.; Montezinos, D.
- Science, Vol. 205, Issue 4411
Biomass Particle Models with Realistic Morphology and Resolved Microstructure for Simulations of Intraparticle Transport Phenomena
journal, December 2014
- Ciesielski, Peter N.; Crowley, Michael F.; Nimlos, Mark R.
- Energy & Fuels, Vol. 29, Issue 1
Three-dimensional imaging of porous media using confocal laser scanning microscopy: THREE-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING
journal, October 2016
- Shah, S. M.; Crawshaw, J. P.; Boek, E. S.
- Journal of Microscopy, Vol. 265, Issue 2
Effect of mechanical disruption on the effectiveness of three reactors used for dilute acid pretreatment of corn stover Part 2: morphological and structural substrate analysis
journal, January 2014
- Ciesielski, Peter N.; Wang, Wei; Chen, Xiaowen
- Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 7, Issue 1
A pore-hindered diffusion and reaction model can help explain the importance of pore size distribution in enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass
journal, September 2012
- Luterbacher, Jeremy S.; Parlange, Jean-Yves; Walker, Larry P.
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 110, Issue 1
MFIX-Exa: A path toward exascale CFD-DEM simulations
journal, April 2021
- Musser, Jordan; Almgren, Ann S.; Fullmer, William D.
- The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
Influences of physical properties on biomass devolatilization characteristics
journal, August 1997
- Di Blasi, Colomba
- Fuel, Vol. 76, Issue 10
Biomass accessibility analysis using electron tomography
journal, December 2015
- Hinkle, Jacob D.; Ciesielski, Peter N.; Gruchalla, Kenny
- Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 8, Issue 1
MFiX based multi-scale CFD simulations of biomass fast pyrolysis: A review
journal, February 2022
- Lu, Liqiang; Gao, Xi; Dietiker, Jean-François
- Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 248
Scale-space and edge detection using anisotropic diffusion
journal, July 1990
- Perona, P.; Malik, J.
- IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 12, Issue 7
MATBOX: An Open-source Microstructure Analysis Toolbox for microstructure generation, segmentation, characterization, visualization, correlation, and meshing
journal, January 2022
- Usseglio-Viretta, F. L. E.; Patel, P.; Bernhardt, E.
- SoftwareX, Vol. 17
AMReX: a framework for block-structured adaptive mesh refinement
journal, May 2019
- Zhang, Weiqun; Almgren, Ann; Beckner, Vince
- Journal of Open Source Software, Vol. 4, Issue 37
Berechnung verschiedener physikalischer Konstanten von heterogenen Substanzen. I. Dielektrizitätskonstanten und Leitfähigkeiten der Mischkörper aus isotropen Substanzen
journal, January 1935
- Bruggeman, D. A. G.
- Annalen der Physik, Vol. 416, Issue 7
Mesoscale Reaction–Diffusion Phenomena Governing Lignin‐First Biomass Fractionation
journal, May 2020
- Thornburg, Nicholas E.; Pecha, M. Brennan; Brandner, David G.
- ChemSusChem, Vol. 13, Issue 17
An error-controlled adaptive time-stepping method for particle advancement in coupled CFD-DEM simulations
journal, February 2021
- Sitaraman, Hariswaran; Vaidhynathan, Deepthi; Grout, Ray
- Powder Technology, Vol. 379
Classification and 3D averaging with missing wedge correction in biological electron tomography☆
journal, June 2008
- Bartesaghi, A.; Sprechmann, P.; Liu, J.
- Journal of Structural Biology, Vol. 162, Issue 3
Bridging Scales in Bioenergy and Catalysis: A Review of Mesoscale Modeling Applications, Methods, and Future Directions
journal, August 2021
- Ciesielski, Peter N.; Pecha, M. Brennan; Thornburg, Nicholas E.
- Energy & Fuels, Vol. 35, Issue 18
Drift speed: a way of measuring diffusion and tortuosity of porous materials
journal, May 2001
- Törnqvist, Magnus; Hurme, Tapio; Rosenholm, Jarl B.
- Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Vol. 180, Issue 1-2
Investigating biomass composition and size effects on fast pyrolysis using global sensitivity analysis and CFD simulations
journal, November 2020
- Lu, Liqiang; Gao, Xi; Gel, Aytekin
- Chemical Engineering Journal
Effect of varying fraction of polypropylene waste on co-pyrolysis of Delonix regia and Polyalthia longifolia leaves
journal, January 2022
- Kumari, K.; Kishore, N.; Gupta, S.
- Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, Vol. 5
Permeability of porous solids
journal, January 1961
- Millington, R. J.; Quirk, J. P.
- Transactions of the Faraday Society, Vol. 57