Growing neoclassical tearing modes seeded via transient-induced-multimode interactions

Howell, E. C.; King, Jacob R.; Kruger, Scott E.; Callen, J. D.; La Haye, R. J.; Wilcox, Robert S.

doi:10.1063/5.0076253

Title: Growing neoclassical tearing modes seeded via transient-induced-multimode interactions

Journal Article · 28 February 2022 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0076253 · OSTI ID:1847498

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^[1]; Callen, J. D. ^[2]; La Haye, R. J. ^[3];

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Tech-X Corporation, Boulder, CO (United States)
Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Nonlinear extended magnetohydrodynamics simulations demonstrating seeding of neoclassical tearing modes (NTMs) via magnetohydrodynamics-transient-induced multimode interactions are presented. Simulations of NTMs are enabled by two recent NIMROD code developments: the implementation of heuristic neoclassical stresses and the application of transient magnetic perturbations (MPs) at the boundary. NTMs are driven unstable by the inherently pressure driven kinetic bootstrap current, which arises due to collisional viscosity between passing and trapped electrons. These simulations use heuristic closures that model the neoclassical electron and ion stresses. NTM growth requires a seed island, which is generated by a transiently applied MP in simulations. The capability is demonstrated using kinetic-based reconstructions with flow of a DIII-D ITER Baseline Scenario discharge (La Haye et al., in Proceedings IAEA FEC, 2020). The applied MP seeds a 2/1 NTM that grows in two phases: a slow growth phase followed by a faster robust growth phase. Additionally, an evolving sequence of higher order core modes are excited at first. Power transfer analysis shows that nonlinear interactions between the core modes and the 2/1 helps drive the initial slow growth. Once the induced 2/1 magnetic island reaches a critical width, the NTM transitions to faster robust growth, which is well described by the nonlinear modified Rutherford equation. Furthermore, this work highlights the role of nonlinear mode coupling in seeding NTMs.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Tech-X Corporation, Boulder, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR). Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; AC05-00OR22725; FC02-04ER54698; FG02-86ER53218; SC0018313

OSTI ID:: 1847498

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Journal Name: Physics of Plasmas Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 29; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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