Validation of seismic velocity models in southern California with full-waveform simulations
Abstract
SUMMARY Crustal seismic velocity models provide essential information for many applications including earthquake source properties, simulations of ground motion and related derivative products. We present a systematic workflow for assessing the accuracy of velocity models with full-waveform simulations. The framework is applied to four regional seismic velocity models for southern California: CVM-H15.11, CVM-S4.26, CVM-S4.26.M01 that includes a shallow geotechnical layer, and the model of Berg et al. For each model, we perform 3-D viscoelastic wave propagation simulations for 48 virtual seismic noise sources (down to 2 s) and 44 moderate-magnitude earthquakes (down to 2 s generally and 0.5 s for some cases) assuming a minimum shear wave velocity of 200 m s–1. The synthetic waveforms are compared with observations associated with both earthquake records and noise cross-correlation data sets. We measure, at multiple period bands for well-isolated seismic phases, traveltime delays and normalized zero-lag cross-correlation coefficients between the synthetic and observed data. The obtained measurements are summarized using the mean absolute derivation of time delay and the mean correlation coefficient. These two metrics provide reliable statistical representations of model quality with consistent results in all data sets. In addition to assessing the overall (average) performance of different models in the entire study area, wemore »
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); Southern California Earthquake Center; National Science Foundation (NSF); US Geological Survey (USGS)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1843055
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1979490
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0016520; EAR-1600087; G17AC00047
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Geophysical Journal International
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Geophysical Journal International Journal Volume: 229 Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 0956-540X
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- Country of Publication:
- United Kingdom
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES; composition and structure of the continental crust; computational seismology; crustal imaging; seismic tomography; wave propagation
Citation Formats
Lu, Y., and Ben-Zion, Y. Validation of seismic velocity models in southern California with full-waveform simulations. United Kingdom: N. p., 2022.
Web. doi:10.1093/gji/ggab534.
Lu, Y., & Ben-Zion, Y. Validation of seismic velocity models in southern California with full-waveform simulations. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab534
Lu, Y., and Ben-Zion, Y. Tue .
"Validation of seismic velocity models in southern California with full-waveform simulations". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab534.
@article{osti_1843055,
title = {Validation of seismic velocity models in southern California with full-waveform simulations},
author = {Lu, Y. and Ben-Zion, Y.},
abstractNote = {SUMMARY Crustal seismic velocity models provide essential information for many applications including earthquake source properties, simulations of ground motion and related derivative products. We present a systematic workflow for assessing the accuracy of velocity models with full-waveform simulations. The framework is applied to four regional seismic velocity models for southern California: CVM-H15.11, CVM-S4.26, CVM-S4.26.M01 that includes a shallow geotechnical layer, and the model of Berg et al. For each model, we perform 3-D viscoelastic wave propagation simulations for 48 virtual seismic noise sources (down to 2 s) and 44 moderate-magnitude earthquakes (down to 2 s generally and 0.5 s for some cases) assuming a minimum shear wave velocity of 200 m s–1. The synthetic waveforms are compared with observations associated with both earthquake records and noise cross-correlation data sets. We measure, at multiple period bands for well-isolated seismic phases, traveltime delays and normalized zero-lag cross-correlation coefficients between the synthetic and observed data. The obtained measurements are summarized using the mean absolute derivation of time delay and the mean correlation coefficient. These two metrics provide reliable statistical representations of model quality with consistent results in all data sets. In addition to assessing the overall (average) performance of different models in the entire study area, we examine spatial variations of the models’ quality. All examined models show good phase and waveform agreements for surface waves at periods longer than 5 s, and discrepancies at shorter periods reflecting small-scale heterogeneities and near-surface structures. The model performing best overall is CVM-S4.26.M01. The largest misfits for both body and surface waves are in basin structures and around large fault zones. Inaccuracies generated in these areas may affect tomography and model simulation results at other regions. The seismic velocity models for southern California can be improved by adding better resolved structural representations of the shallow crust and volumes around the main faults.},
doi = {10.1093/gji/ggab534},
journal = {Geophysical Journal International},
number = 2,
volume = 229,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {Tue Jan 11 00:00:00 EST 2022},
month = {Tue Jan 11 00:00:00 EST 2022}
}
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