Determination of the characteristic magnetic pre-sheath length at divertor surfaces using micro-engineered targets on DiMES at DIII-D

Abe, Shota; Skinner, Charles; Bykov, Igor; Yeh, Yao-Wen; Lasa, Ane; Coburn, Jonathan; Rudakov, Dmitry L.; Lasnier, Charles; Wang, H. Q.; McLean, Adam G.; Abrams, Tyler; Koel, Bruce E.

doi:10.1088/1741-4326/ac3cdb

Title: Determination of the characteristic magnetic pre-sheath length at divertor surfaces using micro-engineered targets on DiMES at DIII-D

Abstract

The magnetic pre-sheath (MPS) width, L_MPS, is a critical parameter to define the sheath potential, which controls the ion trajectory of low-Z species (D, T, He, and C), as well as the prompt re-deposition of high-Z species. In this work, to determine L_MPS, we fabricated micro-trenches (30×30×4 µm) via focused ion beam (FIB) milling on a silicon surface and exposed them to L-mode deuterium plasmas in DIII-D via the Divertor Material Evaluation System (DiMES) removable sample exposure probe. The areal distribution of impurity depositions, mainly consisting of carbon, was measured by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to reveal the deuterium ion shadowing effect on the trench floors. The carbon deposition profiles showed that the erosion was maximized for the azimuthal direction of φ = -40° (referenced to the toroidal magnetic field direction) as well as the polar angle of θ = 80°. A Monte Carlo equation-of-motion model, based on a collisionless MPS, was used to calculate the azimuthal and polar deuterium ion angle distributions (IADs) for a range of L_MPS = k × ρ_i, where ρ_i is the ion gyro radius and k = 0.5-4. Then, gross erosion profiles were calculated by a Monte Carlo micro-patterning and roughness (MPR) code formore »« less

Authors:

^[1]; Skinner, Charles ^[2]; Bykov, Igor ^[3]; Yeh, Yao-Wen ^[4];

^[5];

^[6];

^[7]; Lasnier, Charles ^[8];

^[3]; McLean, Adam G. ^[8];

^[3]; Koel, Bruce E. ^[1]

Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
Rutgers Univ., Piscataway, NJ (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
ITER Organization, St. Paul Lez Durance (France)
Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Mon Apr 04 00:00:00 EDT 2022

Research Org.:: General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1832886

Grant/Contract Number:: FC02-04ER54698; AC02-09CH11466; AC52-07NA27344; FG02-07ER54917; DMR-2011750

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nuclear Fusion

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 62; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 0029-5515

Publisher:: IOP Science

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; Divertor; Sheath; Magnetic Pre-Sheath; Chodura Sheath; Ion Angle Distribution; Erosion; Deposition; DiMES; Plasma-Material Interaction; Surface Analysis

Citation Formats


                    Abe, Shota, Skinner, Charles, Bykov, Igor, Yeh, Yao-Wen, Lasa, Ane, Coburn, Jonathan, Rudakov, Dmitry L., Lasnier, Charles, Wang, H. Q., McLean, Adam G., Abrams, Tyler, and Koel, Bruce E. Determination of the characteristic magnetic pre-sheath length at divertor surfaces using micro-engineered targets on DiMES at DIII-D.  United States: N. p., 2022. 
Web.  doi:10.1088/1741-4326/ac3cdb.

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                    Abe, Shota, Skinner, Charles, Bykov, Igor, Yeh, Yao-Wen, Lasa, Ane, Coburn, Jonathan, Rudakov, Dmitry L., Lasnier, Charles, Wang, H. Q., McLean, Adam G., Abrams, Tyler, & Koel, Bruce E. Determination of the characteristic magnetic pre-sheath length at divertor surfaces using micro-engineered targets on DiMES at DIII-D.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac3cdb

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                    Abe, Shota, Skinner, Charles, Bykov, Igor, Yeh, Yao-Wen, Lasa, Ane, Coburn, Jonathan, Rudakov, Dmitry L., Lasnier, Charles, Wang, H. Q., McLean, Adam G., Abrams, Tyler, and Koel, Bruce E. Mon .  
"Determination of the characteristic magnetic pre-sheath length at divertor surfaces using micro-engineered targets on DiMES at DIII-D".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac3cdb.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1832886.

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@article{osti_1832886,

  title        = {Determination of the characteristic magnetic pre-sheath length at divertor surfaces using micro-engineered targets on DiMES at DIII-D},

  author       = {Abe, Shota and Skinner, Charles and Bykov, Igor and Yeh, Yao-Wen and Lasa, Ane and Coburn, Jonathan and Rudakov, Dmitry L. and Lasnier, Charles and Wang, H. Q. and McLean, Adam G. and Abrams, Tyler and Koel, Bruce E.},

  abstractNote = {The magnetic pre-sheath (MPS) width, LMPS, is a critical parameter to define the sheath potential, which controls the ion trajectory of low-Z species (D, T, He, and C), as well as the prompt re-deposition of high-Z species. In this work, to determine LMPS, we fabricated micro-trenches (30×30×4 µm) via focused ion beam (FIB) milling on a silicon surface and exposed them to L-mode deuterium plasmas in DIII-D via the Divertor Material Evaluation System (DiMES) removable sample exposure probe. The areal distribution of impurity depositions, mainly consisting of carbon, was measured by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to reveal the deuterium ion shadowing effect on the trench floors. The carbon deposition profiles showed that the erosion was maximized for the azimuthal direction of φ = -40° (referenced to the toroidal magnetic field direction) as well as the polar angle of θ = 80°. A Monte Carlo equation-of-motion model, based on a collisionless MPS, was used to calculate the azimuthal and polar deuterium ion angle distributions (IADs) for a range of LMPS = k × ρi, where ρi is the ion gyro radius and k = 0.5-4. Then, gross erosion profiles were calculated by a Monte Carlo micro-patterning and roughness (MPR) code for ion sputtering using as input the calculated azimuthal and polar IADs for each value of k. Good agreement with the experimental C deposition profiles was obtained for the case k = 2.5-3.5. This result is consistent with a previous kinetic modeling prediction of k ~ 3, as well as previous analytical investigations that predicted the LMPS to be several ion gyro radii. A validation of theoretical sheath models supports its applicability to ITER and pilot plant divertors to successfully predict plasma-materials interactions.},

  doi          = {10.1088/1741-4326/ac3cdb},

  journal      = {Nuclear Fusion},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 62,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Apr 04 00:00:00 EDT 2022},

  month        = {Mon Apr 04 00:00:00 EDT 2022}

}

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Title: Determination of the characteristic magnetic pre-sheath length at divertor surfaces using micro-engineered targets on DiMES at DIII-D

Abstract

Citation Formats

An Analytical Expression for the Electric Field and Particle Tracing in Modelling of Be Erosion Experiments at the JET ITER-like Wall: An Analytical Expression for the Electric Field and Particle Tracing in Modelling of Be Erosion Experiments at the JET ITER-like Wall journal, June 2016

On the prediction and monitoring of tungsten prompt redeposition in tokamak divertors journal, June 2021

Impacts of impurity flux on erosion and deposition of carbon/tungsten rough surfaces journal, March 2021

Plasma–wall transition in an oblique magnetic field journal, January 1982

Impact of gyro-motion and sheath acceleration on the flux distribution on rough surfaces journal, August 2010

Thermal loads in gaps between ITER divertor monoblocks: First lessons learnt from WEST journal, June 2021

The impact of surface morphology on the erosion of metallic surfaces – Modelling with the 3D Monte-Carlo code ERO2.0 journal, June 2021

Experimental verification of ion impact angle distribution at divertor surfaces using micro-engineered targets on DiMES at DIII-D journal, June 2021

High heat flux Langmuir probe array for the DIII-D divertor plates journal, October 2008

Erosion characterization of SiC and Ti3SiC2 on DIII-D using focused ion beam micro-trenches journal, May 2019

Modelling of tungsten re-deposition coefficient journal, August 2015

Application of Analytical Model of the Electric Potential Distribution for Calculation of Charged Particle Dynamics in a Near-Wall Layer and Sputtering of the Plasma Facing Surfaces journal, August 2015

Ion energy-angle distribution functions at the plasma-material interface in oblique magnetic fields journal, April 2015

Measurement and modeling of aluminum sputtering and ionization in the DIII-D divertor including magnetic pre-sheath effects journal, August 2018

Kinetic Theory Analysis of Sheaths and Shocks journal, January 1996

Sheath and presheath structure in the plasma–wall transition layer in an oblique magnetic field journal, May 1998

Tungsten erosion by impurities and redeposition: focus on the magnetised sheath journal, February 2017

The Chodura sheath for angles of a few degrees between the magnetic field and the surface of divertor targets and limiters journal, July 2012

Surface heat loads on the ITER divertor vertical targets journal, March 2017

Kinetic simulations of the Chodura and Debye sheaths for magnetic fields with grazing incidence journal, January 2016

Large gyro-orbit model of ion velocity distribution in plasma near a wall in a grazing-angle magnetic field journal, February 2021

Micro-trench measurements of the net deposition of carbon impurity ions in the DIII-D divertor and the resulting suppression of surface erosion journal, October 2021

Effect of surface roughness and substrate material on carbon erosion and deposition in the TEXTOR tokamak journal, July 2008

Imaging low-dimensional nanostructures by very low voltage scanning electron microscopy: ultra-shallow topography and depth-tunable material contrast journal, November 2019

Dust studies in DIII-D and TEXTOR journal, July 2009

One-dimensional plasma sheath model in front of the divertor plates journal, September 2017

ERO2.0 modelling of the effects of surface roughness on molybdenum erosion and redeposition in the PSI-2 linear plasma device journal, January 2020

Monte Carlo simulations of tungsten redeposition at the divertor target journal, January 2014

An Analytical Expression for the Electric Field and Particle Tracing in Modelling of Be Erosion Experiments at the JET ITER-like Wall: An Analytical Expression for the Electric Field and Particle Tracing in Modelling of Be Erosion Experiments at the JET ITER-like Wall
journal, June 2016

On the prediction and monitoring of tungsten prompt redeposition in tokamak divertors
journal, June 2021

Impacts of impurity flux on erosion and deposition of carbon/tungsten rough surfaces
journal, March 2021

Plasma–wall transition in an oblique magnetic field
journal, January 1982

Impact of gyro-motion and sheath acceleration on the flux distribution on rough surfaces
journal, August 2010

Thermal loads in gaps between ITER divertor monoblocks: First lessons learnt from WEST
journal, June 2021

The impact of surface morphology on the erosion of metallic surfaces – Modelling with the 3D Monte-Carlo code ERO2.0
journal, June 2021

Experimental verification of ion impact angle distribution at divertor surfaces using micro-engineered targets on DiMES at DIII-D
journal, June 2021

High heat flux Langmuir probe array for the DIII-D divertor plates
journal, October 2008

Erosion characterization of SiC and Ti3SiC2 on DIII-D using focused ion beam micro-trenches
journal, May 2019

Modelling of tungsten re-deposition coefficient
journal, August 2015

Application of Analytical Model of the Electric Potential Distribution for Calculation of Charged Particle Dynamics in a Near-Wall Layer and Sputtering of the Plasma Facing Surfaces
journal, August 2015

Ion energy-angle distribution functions at the plasma-material interface in oblique magnetic fields
journal, April 2015

Measurement and modeling of aluminum sputtering and ionization in the DIII-D divertor including magnetic pre-sheath effects
journal, August 2018

Kinetic Theory Analysis of Sheaths and Shocks
journal, January 1996

Sheath and presheath structure in the plasma–wall transition layer in an oblique magnetic field
journal, May 1998

Tungsten erosion by impurities and redeposition: focus on the magnetised sheath
journal, February 2017

The Chodura sheath for angles of a few degrees between the magnetic field and the surface of divertor targets and limiters
journal, July 2012

Surface heat loads on the ITER divertor vertical targets
journal, March 2017

Kinetic simulations of the Chodura and Debye sheaths for magnetic fields with grazing incidence
journal, January 2016

Large gyro-orbit model of ion velocity distribution in plasma near a wall in a grazing-angle magnetic field
journal, February 2021

Micro-trench measurements of the net deposition of carbon impurity ions in the DIII-D divertor and the resulting suppression of surface erosion
journal, October 2021

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journal, November 2019

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