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Title: Polymorphism and Optoelectronic Properties in Crystalline Supramolecular Polymers

Abstract

Supramolecular polymers can emulate some of the physical properties of covalent polymers but offer new opportunities given the possibility of designing monomers that will form highly ordered assemblies with defined shapes. Internally ordered supramolecular polymers formed through nucleation–elongation self-assembly are well-known but highly crystalline examples which exhibit important properties such as light harvesting, charge transport, and ferroelectricity are not common. We report here on a detailed study of supramolecular polymers formed in water by carboxylated naphtho-p-quinodimethane amphiphiles. We found that supramolecular polymerization of these amphiphiles in aqueous media yields crystalline assemblies with morphologies that included ribbons, helically rolled ribbons, and twisted filaments. This polymorphism was found to be controlled exclusively by repulsive electrostatic interactions controlled by the degree of protonation of the carboxylic head groups which also dictates the nature of supramolecular packing. Substoichiometric amounts of base lead to highly crystalline ribbons due to a decreased surface charge density and less electrostatic repulsion. Increasing deprotonation results in helically rolled ribbons with a different polymorph crystal lattice, whereas excessive deprotonation leads to twisted filaments with maximum surface charge density. Ribbons, helical rolled ribbons, and twisted filaments revealed an increasing red shift in their visible absorption maxima. These crystalline assemblies could bemore » potential candidates for solar energy materials and photocatalytic systems.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [3];  [1]; ORCiD logo [4]; ORCiD logo [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [5]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
  2. Northwestern Univ., Chicago, IL (United States). Simpson Querrey Institute
  3. Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern
  4. Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States)
  5. Northwestern Univ., Chicago, IL (United States). Simpson Querrey Institute; Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science (CBES)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1822919
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1846608
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0000989
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Chemistry of Materials
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 33; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 0897-4756
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; Nanostructures; Supramolecular structures and assemblies; Filaments; Absorption; Chromophores; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS; Nanostructures, Supramolecular structures and assemblies, Filaments, Absorption, Chromophores

Citation Formats

Grabicki, Niklas, Dumele, Oliver, Sai, Hiroaki, Powers-Riggs, Natalia E., Phelan, Brian T., Sangji, M. Hussain, Chapman, Craig T., Passarelli, James V., Dannenhoffer, Adam J., Wasielewski, Michael R., and Stupp, Samuel I. Polymorphism and Optoelectronic Properties in Crystalline Supramolecular Polymers. United States: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04123.
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Grabicki, Niklas, Dumele, Oliver, Sai, Hiroaki, Powers-Riggs, Natalia E., Phelan, Brian T., Sangji, M. Hussain, Chapman, Craig T., Passarelli, James V., Dannenhoffer, Adam J., Wasielewski, Michael R., & Stupp, Samuel I. Polymorphism and Optoelectronic Properties in Crystalline Supramolecular Polymers. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04123
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Grabicki, Niklas, Dumele, Oliver, Sai, Hiroaki, Powers-Riggs, Natalia E., Phelan, Brian T., Sangji, M. Hussain, Chapman, Craig T., Passarelli, James V., Dannenhoffer, Adam J., Wasielewski, Michael R., and Stupp, Samuel I. Thu . "Polymorphism and Optoelectronic Properties in Crystalline Supramolecular Polymers". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04123. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1822919.
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@article{osti_1822919,
title = {Polymorphism and Optoelectronic Properties in Crystalline Supramolecular Polymers},
author = {Grabicki, Niklas and Dumele, Oliver and Sai, Hiroaki and Powers-Riggs, Natalia E. and Phelan, Brian T. and Sangji, M. Hussain and Chapman, Craig T. and Passarelli, James V. and Dannenhoffer, Adam J. and Wasielewski, Michael R. and Stupp, Samuel I.},
abstractNote = {Supramolecular polymers can emulate some of the physical properties of covalent polymers but offer new opportunities given the possibility of designing monomers that will form highly ordered assemblies with defined shapes. Internally ordered supramolecular polymers formed through nucleation–elongation self-assembly are well-known but highly crystalline examples which exhibit important properties such as light harvesting, charge transport, and ferroelectricity are not common. We report here on a detailed study of supramolecular polymers formed in water by carboxylated naphtho-p-quinodimethane amphiphiles. We found that supramolecular polymerization of these amphiphiles in aqueous media yields crystalline assemblies with morphologies that included ribbons, helically rolled ribbons, and twisted filaments. This polymorphism was found to be controlled exclusively by repulsive electrostatic interactions controlled by the degree of protonation of the carboxylic head groups which also dictates the nature of supramolecular packing. Substoichiometric amounts of base lead to highly crystalline ribbons due to a decreased surface charge density and less electrostatic repulsion. Increasing deprotonation results in helically rolled ribbons with a different polymorph crystal lattice, whereas excessive deprotonation leads to twisted filaments with maximum surface charge density. Ribbons, helical rolled ribbons, and twisted filaments revealed an increasing red shift in their visible absorption maxima. These crystalline assemblies could be potential candidates for solar energy materials and photocatalytic systems.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04123},
journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
number = 2,
volume = 33,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jan 07 00:00:00 EST 2021},
month = {Thu Jan 07 00:00:00 EST 2021}
}
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