Degradation-resistant TiO2@Sn anodes for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries

Goriparti, Subrahmanyam; Harrison, Katharine L.; Jungjohann, Katherine L.

doi:10.1007/s10853-021-06265-7

Title: Degradation-resistant TiO₂@Sn anodes for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries

Journal Article · 16 August 2021 · Journal of Materials Science

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06265-7 · OSTI ID:1822245

Goriparti, Subrahmanyam ^[1]; Harrison, Katharine L. ^[1];

^[1]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

As the demand for higher-performance batteries has increased, so has the body of research on theoretical high-capacity anode materials. However, the research has been hindered because the high-capacity anode material properties and interactions are not well understood, largely due to the difficulty of observing cycling in situ. Using electrochemical scanning transmission electron microscopy (ec-STEM), we report the real-time observation and electrochemical analysis of pristine tin (Sn) and titanium dioxide-coated Sn (TiO₂@Sn) electrodes during lithiation/delithiation. As expected, we observed a volume expansion of the pristine Sn electrodes during lithiation, but we further observed that the expansion was followed by Sn detachment from the current collector. Remarkably, although the TiO₂@Sn electrodes also exhibited similar volume expansion during lithiation, they showed no evidence of Sn detachment. We found that the TiO₂ surface layer acted as an electrochemically activated artificial solid-electrolyte interphase that serves to conduct Li ions. As a physical coating, it mechanically prevented Sn detachment following volume changes during cycling, providing significant degradation resistance and 80% Coulombic efficiency for a complete lithiation/delithiation cycle. Interestingly, upon delithiation, TiO₂@Sn electrode displayed a self-healing mechanism of small pore formation in the Sn particle followed by agglomeration into several larger pores as delithiation continued.

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Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525; SC0001160

OSTI ID:: 1822245

Report Number(s):: SAND--2021-11782J; 699788

Journal Information:: Journal of Materials Science, Journal Name: Journal of Materials Science Journal Issue: 30 Vol. 56; ISSN 0022-2461

Publisher:: SpringerCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Degradation-resistant TiO2@Sn anodes for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries

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Title: Degradation-resistant TiO₂@Sn anodes for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries