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Title: The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Probing the baryon content of SDSS DR15 galaxies with the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effects

Abstract

We present high signal-to-noise measurements (up to 12$$\sigma$$) of the average thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect from optically selected galaxy groups and clusters and estimate their baryon content within a 2.1$$^\prime$$ radius aperture. Sources from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) DR15 catalog overlap with 3,700 sq. deg. of sky observed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2008 to 2018 at 150 and 98 GHz (ACT DR5), and 2,089 sq. deg. of internal linear combination component-separated maps combining ACT and $$\it{Planck}$$ data (ACT DR4). The corresponding optical depths, $$\bar{\tau}$$, which depend on the baryon content of the halos, are estimated using results from cosmological hydrodynamic simulations assuming an AGN feedback radiative cooling model. We estimate the mean mass of the halos in multiple luminosity bins, and compare the tSZ-based $$\bar{\tau}$$ estimates to theoretical predictions of the baryon content for a Navarro-Frenk-White profile. We do the same for $$\bar{\tau}$$ estimates extracted from fits to pairwise baryon momentum measurements of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (kSZ) for the same data set obtained in a companion paper. We find that the $$\bar{\tau}$$ estimates from the tSZ measurements in this work and the kSZ measurements in the companion paper agree within $$1\sigma$$ for two out of the three disjoint luminosity bins studied, while they differ by 2-3$$\sigma$$ in the highest luminosity bin. The optical depth estimates account for one third to all of the theoretically predicted baryon content in the halos across luminosity bins. Potential systematic uncertainties are discussed. The tSZ and kSZ measurements provide a step towards empirical Compton-$$\bar{y}$$-$$\bar{\tau}$$ relationships to provide new tests of cluster formation and evolution models.

Authors:
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Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
Contributing Org.:
The ACT Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1818477
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1819392; OSTI ID: 1876395
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231; SC0011838
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review. D.
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 104; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS

Citation Formats

Vavagiakis, E.  M., Gallardo, P.  A., Calafut, V., Amodeo, S., Aiola, S., Austermann, J.  E., Battaglia, N., Battistelli, E.  S., Beall, J.  A., Bean, R., Bond, J.  R., Calabrese, E., Choi, S.  K., Cothard, N.  F., Devlin, M.  J., Duell, C.  J., Duff, S.  M., Duivenvoorden, A.  J., Dunkley, J., Dunner, R., Ferraro, S., Guan, Y., Hill, J.  C., Hilton, G.  C., Hilton, M., Hložek, R., Huber, Z.  B., Hubmayr, J., Huffenberger, K.  M., Hughes, J.  P., Koopman, B.  J., Kosowsky, A., Li, Y., Lokken, M., Madhavacheril, M., McMahon, J., Moodley, K., Naess, S., Nati, F., Newburgh, L.  B., Niemack, M.  D., Page, L.  A., Partridge, B., Schaan, E., Schillaci, A., Sifón, C., Spergel, D.  N., Staggs, S.  T., Ullom, J.  N., Vale, L.  R., Van Engelen, A., Van Lanen, J., Wollack, E.  J., and Xu, Z. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Probing the baryon content of SDSS DR15 galaxies with the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effects. United States: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.1103/physrevd.104.043503.
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Vavagiakis, E.  M., Gallardo, P.  A., Calafut, V., Amodeo, S., Aiola, S., Austermann, J.  E., Battaglia, N., Battistelli, E.  S., Beall, J.  A., Bean, R., Bond, J.  R., Calabrese, E., Choi, S.  K., Cothard, N.  F., Devlin, M.  J., Duell, C.  J., Duff, S.  M., Duivenvoorden, A.  J., Dunkley, J., Dunner, R., Ferraro, S., Guan, Y., Hill, J.  C., Hilton, G.  C., Hilton, M., Hložek, R., Huber, Z.  B., Hubmayr, J., Huffenberger, K.  M., Hughes, J.  P., Koopman, B.  J., Kosowsky, A., Li, Y., Lokken, M., Madhavacheril, M., McMahon, J., Moodley, K., Naess, S., Nati, F., Newburgh, L.  B., Niemack, M.  D., Page, L.  A., Partridge, B., Schaan, E., Schillaci, A., Sifón, C., Spergel, D.  N., Staggs, S.  T., Ullom, J.  N., Vale, L.  R., Van Engelen, A., Van Lanen, J., Wollack, E.  J., & Xu, Z. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Probing the baryon content of SDSS DR15 galaxies with the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effects. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.043503
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Vavagiakis, E.  M., Gallardo, P.  A., Calafut, V., Amodeo, S., Aiola, S., Austermann, J.  E., Battaglia, N., Battistelli, E.  S., Beall, J.  A., Bean, R., Bond, J.  R., Calabrese, E., Choi, S.  K., Cothard, N.  F., Devlin, M.  J., Duell, C.  J., Duff, S.  M., Duivenvoorden, A.  J., Dunkley, J., Dunner, R., Ferraro, S., Guan, Y., Hill, J.  C., Hilton, G.  C., Hilton, M., Hložek, R., Huber, Z.  B., Hubmayr, J., Huffenberger, K.  M., Hughes, J.  P., Koopman, B.  J., Kosowsky, A., Li, Y., Lokken, M., Madhavacheril, M., McMahon, J., Moodley, K., Naess, S., Nati, F., Newburgh, L.  B., Niemack, M.  D., Page, L.  A., Partridge, B., Schaan, E., Schillaci, A., Sifón, C., Spergel, D.  N., Staggs, S.  T., Ullom, J.  N., Vale, L.  R., Van Engelen, A., Van Lanen, J., Wollack, E.  J., and Xu, Z. Fri . "The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Probing the baryon content of SDSS DR15 galaxies with the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effects". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.043503. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1818477.
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@article{osti_1818477,
title = {The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Probing the baryon content of SDSS DR15 galaxies with the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effects},
author = {Vavagiakis, E.  M. and Gallardo, P.  A. and Calafut, V. and Amodeo, S. and Aiola, S. and Austermann, J.  E. and Battaglia, N. and Battistelli, E.  S. and Beall, J.  A. and Bean, R. and Bond, J.  R. and Calabrese, E. and Choi, S.  K. and Cothard, N.  F. and Devlin, M.  J. and Duell, C.  J. and Duff, S.  M. and Duivenvoorden, A.  J. and Dunkley, J. and Dunner, R. and Ferraro, S. and Guan, Y. and Hill, J.  C. and Hilton, G.  C. and Hilton, M. and Hložek, R. and Huber, Z.  B. and Hubmayr, J. and Huffenberger, K.  M. and Hughes, J.  P. and Koopman, B.  J. and Kosowsky, A. and Li, Y. and Lokken, M. and Madhavacheril, M. and McMahon, J. and Moodley, K. and Naess, S. and Nati, F. and Newburgh, L.  B. and Niemack, M.  D. and Page, L.  A. and Partridge, B. and Schaan, E. and Schillaci, A. and Sifón, C. and Spergel, D.  N. and Staggs, S.  T. and Ullom, J.  N. and Vale, L.  R. and Van Engelen, A. and Van Lanen, J. and Wollack, E.  J. and Xu, Z.},
abstractNote = {We present high signal-to-noise measurements (up to 12$\sigma$) of the average thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect from optically selected galaxy groups and clusters and estimate their baryon content within a 2.1$^\prime$ radius aperture. Sources from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) DR15 catalog overlap with 3,700 sq. deg. of sky observed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2008 to 2018 at 150 and 98 GHz (ACT DR5), and 2,089 sq. deg. of internal linear combination component-separated maps combining ACT and $\it{Planck}$ data (ACT DR4). The corresponding optical depths, $\bar{\tau}$, which depend on the baryon content of the halos, are estimated using results from cosmological hydrodynamic simulations assuming an AGN feedback radiative cooling model. We estimate the mean mass of the halos in multiple luminosity bins, and compare the tSZ-based $\bar{\tau}$ estimates to theoretical predictions of the baryon content for a Navarro-Frenk-White profile. We do the same for $\bar{\tau}$ estimates extracted from fits to pairwise baryon momentum measurements of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (kSZ) for the same data set obtained in a companion paper. We find that the $\bar{\tau}$ estimates from the tSZ measurements in this work and the kSZ measurements in the companion paper agree within $1\sigma$ for two out of the three disjoint luminosity bins studied, while they differ by 2-3$\sigma$ in the highest luminosity bin. The optical depth estimates account for one third to all of the theoretically predicted baryon content in the halos across luminosity bins. Potential systematic uncertainties are discussed. The tSZ and kSZ measurements provide a step towards empirical Compton-$\bar{y}$-$\bar{\tau}$ relationships to provide new tests of cluster formation and evolution models.},
doi = {10.1103/physrevd.104.043503},
journal = {Physical Review. D.},
number = 4,
volume = 104,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Aug 06 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Fri Aug 06 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}
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