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Title: Root traits explain plant species distributions along climatic gradients yet challenge the nature of ecological trade-offs

Abstract

Ecological theory is built on trade-offs, where trait differences among species evolved as adaptations to different environments. Trade-offs are often assumed to be bidirectional, where opposite ends of a gradient in trait values confer advantages in different environments. However, unidirectional benefits could be widespread if extreme trait values confer advantages at one end of an environmental gradient, whereas a wide range of trait values are equally beneficial at the other end. Here, we show that root traits explain species occurrences along broad gradients of temperature and water availability, but model predictions only resembled trade-offs in two out of 24 models. Forest species with low specific root length and high root tissue density (RTD) were more likely to occur in warm climates but species with high specific root length and low RTD were more likely to occur in cold climates. Unidirectional benefits were more prevalent than trade-offs: for example, species with large-diameter roots and high RTD were more commonly associated with dry climates, but species with the opposite trait values were not associated with wet climates. Directional selection for traits consistently occurred in cold or dry climates, whereas a diversity of root trait values were equally viable in warm or wetmore » climates. Explicit integration of unidirectional benefits into ecological theory is needed to advance our understanding of the consequences of trait variation on species responses to environmental change.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [2];  [4]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [6];  [7]; ORCiD logo [8]; ORCiD logo [9]; ORCiD logo [10];  [11]; ORCiD logo [12]; ORCiD logo [13];  [14]; ORCiD logo [15];  [16];  [2];  [17] more »; ORCiD logo [18]; ORCiD logo [19]; ORCiD logo [20];  [21]; ORCiD logo [22]; ORCiD logo [23]; ORCiD logo [24]; ORCiD logo [25]; ORCiD logo [26]; ORCiD logo [27]; ORCiD logo [28]; ORCiD logo [29];  [30]; ORCiD logo [31]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [32]; ORCiD logo [33]; ORCiD logo [34]; ORCiD logo [35];  [36]; ORCiD logo [37] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, WY (United States)
  2. Wageningen Univ. (Netherlands)
  3. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Leipzig (Germany); Martin Luther Univ. Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale) (Germany)
  4. Morton Arboretum, Lisle, IL (United States)
  5. Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Paulienaue (Germany)
  6. National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Moulis (France)
  7. Univ. of Goettingen (Germany)
  8. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  9. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Leipzig (Germany); Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena (Germany)
  10. Univ. of Hamburg (Germany)
  11. Forschungszentrum Juelich (Germany); Macquarie Univ., NSW (Australia)
  12. Univ. of Montpellier, CNrs, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier (France)
  13. Univ. of Manchester (United Kingdom); Univ. of Tartu (Estonia)
  14. Univ. of Manchester (United Kingdom)
  15. Florida International Univ., Miami, FL (United States)
  16. Wageningen Univ. (Netherlands); Univ. of Leipzig (Germany)
  17. Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, OK (United States)
  18. Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste Marie, ON (Canada). Canadian Forest Service
  19. Ecosystems and Conservation, Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Lincoln (New Zealand)
  20. Andong National Univ. (Korea, Republic of)
  21. Univ. of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje (North Macedonia)
  22. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Leipzig (Germany); Zurich Univ. of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wadenswil (Switzerland)
  23. Normandy Univ., UNIROUEN, INRAE, ECODIV, Rouen (France)
  24. Univ. of Adelaide, SA (Australia); Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (Australia)
  25. CIRAD, UPR Forêts et Sociétés, Yamoussoukro (Ivory Coast); Univ. of Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier (France); Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Yamoussoukro (Ivory Coast)
  26. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Earth System Science; Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment
  27. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf (Switzerland)
  28. Univ. de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens (France)
  29. Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg (Russian Federation); Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Togliatti (Russian Federation). Samara Scientific Center; Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Tobolsk (Russian Federation). Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station
  30. Australian National Univ., Canberra, ACT (Australia); Univ. of Edinburgh, Scotland (United Kingdom)
  31. Estonian Univ. of Life Sciences, Tartu (Estonia); Estonian Academy of Sciences, Tallinn (Estonia)
  32. CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona (Spain); CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Spain)
  33. Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN (United States); Univ. of Western Sydney, NSW (Australia)
  34. Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt (Germany); Palmengarten, Frankfurt (Germany)
  35. Univ. of Nottingham (United Kingdom)
  36. Univ. of Valladolid and INIA, Palencia (Spain). Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute; Univ. of Valladolid, Palencia (Spain). School of Agricultural Engineering
  37. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Leipzig (Germany); Univ. of Leipzig (Germany)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
OSTI Identifier:
1814358
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nature Ecology and Evolution
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 5; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 2397-334X
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats

Laughlin, Daniel C., Mommer, Liesje, Sabatini, Francesco Maria, Bruelheide, Helge, Kuyper, Thom W., McCormack, M. Luke, Bergmann, Joana, Freschet, Grégoire T., Guerrero-Ramírez, Nathaly R., Iversen, Colleen M., Kattge, Jens, Meier, Ina C., Poorter, Hendrik, Roumet, Catherine, Semchenko, Marina, Sweeney, Christopher J., Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar J., van der Plas, Fons, van Ruijven, Jasper, York, Larry M., Aubin, Isabelle, Burge, Olivia R., Byun, Chaeho, Ćušterevska, Renata, Dengler, Jürgen, Forey, Estelle, Guerin, Greg R., Hérault, Bruno, Jackson, Robert B., Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, Lenoir, Jonathan, Lysenko, Tatiana, Meir, Patrick, Niinemets, Ülo, Ozinga, Wim A., Peñuelas, Josep, Reich, Peter B., Schmidt, Marco, Schrodt, Franziska, Velázquez, Eduardo, and Weigelt, Alexandra. Root traits explain plant species distributions along climatic gradients yet challenge the nature of ecological trade-offs. United States: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.1038/s41559-021-01471-7.
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Laughlin, Daniel C., Mommer, Liesje, Sabatini, Francesco Maria, Bruelheide, Helge, Kuyper, Thom W., McCormack, M. Luke, Bergmann, Joana, Freschet, Grégoire T., Guerrero-Ramírez, Nathaly R., Iversen, Colleen M., Kattge, Jens, Meier, Ina C., Poorter, Hendrik, Roumet, Catherine, Semchenko, Marina, Sweeney, Christopher J., Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar J., van der Plas, Fons, van Ruijven, Jasper, York, Larry M., Aubin, Isabelle, Burge, Olivia R., Byun, Chaeho, Ćušterevska, Renata, Dengler, Jürgen, Forey, Estelle, Guerin, Greg R., Hérault, Bruno, Jackson, Robert B., Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, Lenoir, Jonathan, Lysenko, Tatiana, Meir, Patrick, Niinemets, Ülo, Ozinga, Wim A., Peñuelas, Josep, Reich, Peter B., Schmidt, Marco, Schrodt, Franziska, Velázquez, Eduardo, & Weigelt, Alexandra. Root traits explain plant species distributions along climatic gradients yet challenge the nature of ecological trade-offs. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-021-01471-7
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Laughlin, Daniel C., Mommer, Liesje, Sabatini, Francesco Maria, Bruelheide, Helge, Kuyper, Thom W., McCormack, M. Luke, Bergmann, Joana, Freschet, Grégoire T., Guerrero-Ramírez, Nathaly R., Iversen, Colleen M., Kattge, Jens, Meier, Ina C., Poorter, Hendrik, Roumet, Catherine, Semchenko, Marina, Sweeney, Christopher J., Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar J., van der Plas, Fons, van Ruijven, Jasper, York, Larry M., Aubin, Isabelle, Burge, Olivia R., Byun, Chaeho, Ćušterevska, Renata, Dengler, Jürgen, Forey, Estelle, Guerin, Greg R., Hérault, Bruno, Jackson, Robert B., Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, Lenoir, Jonathan, Lysenko, Tatiana, Meir, Patrick, Niinemets, Ülo, Ozinga, Wim A., Peñuelas, Josep, Reich, Peter B., Schmidt, Marco, Schrodt, Franziska, Velázquez, Eduardo, and Weigelt, Alexandra. Thu . "Root traits explain plant species distributions along climatic gradients yet challenge the nature of ecological trade-offs". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-021-01471-7. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1814358.
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@article{osti_1814358,
title = {Root traits explain plant species distributions along climatic gradients yet challenge the nature of ecological trade-offs},
author = {Laughlin, Daniel C. and Mommer, Liesje and Sabatini, Francesco Maria and Bruelheide, Helge and Kuyper, Thom W. and McCormack, M. Luke and Bergmann, Joana and Freschet, Grégoire T. and Guerrero-Ramírez, Nathaly R. and Iversen, Colleen M. and Kattge, Jens and Meier, Ina C. and Poorter, Hendrik and Roumet, Catherine and Semchenko, Marina and Sweeney, Christopher J. and Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar J. and van der Plas, Fons and van Ruijven, Jasper and York, Larry M. and Aubin, Isabelle and Burge, Olivia R. and Byun, Chaeho and Ćušterevska, Renata and Dengler, Jürgen and Forey, Estelle and Guerin, Greg R. and Hérault, Bruno and Jackson, Robert B. and Karger, Dirk Nikolaus and Lenoir, Jonathan and Lysenko, Tatiana and Meir, Patrick and Niinemets, Ülo and Ozinga, Wim A. and Peñuelas, Josep and Reich, Peter B. and Schmidt, Marco and Schrodt, Franziska and Velázquez, Eduardo and Weigelt, Alexandra},
abstractNote = {Ecological theory is built on trade-offs, where trait differences among species evolved as adaptations to different environments. Trade-offs are often assumed to be bidirectional, where opposite ends of a gradient in trait values confer advantages in different environments. However, unidirectional benefits could be widespread if extreme trait values confer advantages at one end of an environmental gradient, whereas a wide range of trait values are equally beneficial at the other end. Here, we show that root traits explain species occurrences along broad gradients of temperature and water availability, but model predictions only resembled trade-offs in two out of 24 models. Forest species with low specific root length and high root tissue density (RTD) were more likely to occur in warm climates but species with high specific root length and low RTD were more likely to occur in cold climates. Unidirectional benefits were more prevalent than trade-offs: for example, species with large-diameter roots and high RTD were more commonly associated with dry climates, but species with the opposite trait values were not associated with wet climates. Directional selection for traits consistently occurred in cold or dry climates, whereas a diversity of root trait values were equally viable in warm or wet climates. Explicit integration of unidirectional benefits into ecological theory is needed to advance our understanding of the consequences of trait variation on species responses to environmental change.},
doi = {10.1038/s41559-021-01471-7},
journal = {Nature Ecology and Evolution},
number = 8,
volume = 5,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jun 10 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Thu Jun 10 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}
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