Dissecting Anvil Cloud Response to Sea Surface Warming
Abstract
Abstract We derive an anvil cloud diagnostic from the continuity equation of cloud ice and apply it to the output of convection‐permitting Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) simulations run in radiative‐convective equilibrium mode. This diagnostic shows that anvil cloud fraction can be reliably diagnosed as a product of cloud detrainment and lifetime. Detrainment is found to be approximated well by a product of clear sky convergence and cloud ice mixing ratio, while cloud lifetime is dominated by sedimentation. Taken together, this diagnostic expresses anvil cloud fraction as a function of five physically measurable quantities. Of these, clear‐sky convergence changes drive the anvil cloud reduction with warming while an increase in cloud ice mixing ratio buffers the decrease. Accordingly, this study provides a theoretical foundation upon which the Stability‐Iris hypothesis can be tested.
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1812236
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1812239; OSTI ID: 1843115
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-821315
Journal ID: ISSN 0094-8276; e2021GL094049
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-07NA27344
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Geophysical Research Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Geophysical Research Letters Journal Volume: 48 Journal Issue: 15; Journal ID: ISSN 0094-8276
- Publisher:
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Citation Formats
Beydoun, Hassan, Caldwell, Peter M., Hannah, Walter M., and Donahue, Aaron S. Dissecting Anvil Cloud Response to Sea Surface Warming. United States: N. p., 2021.
Web. doi:10.1029/2021GL094049.
Beydoun, Hassan, Caldwell, Peter M., Hannah, Walter M., & Donahue, Aaron S. Dissecting Anvil Cloud Response to Sea Surface Warming. United States. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL094049
Beydoun, Hassan, Caldwell, Peter M., Hannah, Walter M., and Donahue, Aaron S. Fri .
"Dissecting Anvil Cloud Response to Sea Surface Warming". United States. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL094049.
@article{osti_1812236,
title = {Dissecting Anvil Cloud Response to Sea Surface Warming},
author = {Beydoun, Hassan and Caldwell, Peter M. and Hannah, Walter M. and Donahue, Aaron S.},
abstractNote = {Abstract We derive an anvil cloud diagnostic from the continuity equation of cloud ice and apply it to the output of convection‐permitting Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) simulations run in radiative‐convective equilibrium mode. This diagnostic shows that anvil cloud fraction can be reliably diagnosed as a product of cloud detrainment and lifetime. Detrainment is found to be approximated well by a product of clear sky convergence and cloud ice mixing ratio, while cloud lifetime is dominated by sedimentation. Taken together, this diagnostic expresses anvil cloud fraction as a function of five physically measurable quantities. Of these, clear‐sky convergence changes drive the anvil cloud reduction with warming while an increase in cloud ice mixing ratio buffers the decrease. Accordingly, this study provides a theoretical foundation upon which the Stability‐Iris hypothesis can be tested.},
doi = {10.1029/2021GL094049},
journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
number = 15,
volume = 48,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Aug 06 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Fri Aug 06 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}
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