Odd- and even-denominator fractional quantum Hall states in monolayer WSe2
Abstract
Monolayer semiconducting transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) represent a unique class of two-dimensional (2D) electron systems. Their atomically thin structure facilitates gate tunability just like graphene does, but unlike graphene, TMDs have the advantage of a sizable band gap and strong spin–orbit coupling. Measurements under large magnetic fields have revealed an unusual Landau level (LL) structure, distinct from other 2D electron systems. However, owing to the limited sample quality and poor electrical contact, probing the lowest LLs has been challenging, and observation of electron correlations within the fractionally filled LL regime has not been possible. Here, through bulk electronic compressibility measurements, we investigate the LL structure of monolayer WSe2 in the extreme quantum limit, and observe fractional quantum Hall states in the lowest three LLs. The odd-denominator fractional quantum Hall sequences demonstrate a systematic evolution with the LL orbital index, consistent with generic theoretical expectations. In addition, we observe an even-denominator state in the second LL that is expected to host non-Abelian statistics. Finally, our results suggest that the 2D semiconductors can provide an experimental platform that closely resembles idealized theoretical models in the quantum Hall regime.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[3];
[1];
[1]
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States); Raytheon BBN Technologies Corp., Cambridge, MA (United States)
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba (Japan)
- University of Leeds (United Kingdom)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF); Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1803082
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0016703; DMR-1420634; DMR-1157490; EP/R020612/1
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Nanotechnology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 15; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 1748-3387
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; science & technology; materials science; quantum hall; two-dimensional materials
Citation Formats
Shi, Qianhui, Shih, En-Min, Gustafsson, Martin V., Rhodes, Daniel A., Kim, Bumho, Watanabe, Kenji, Taniguchi, Takashi, Papić, Zlatko, Hone, James, and Dean, Cory R. Odd- and even-denominator fractional quantum Hall states in monolayer WSe2. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41565-020-0685-6.
Shi, Qianhui, Shih, En-Min, Gustafsson, Martin V., Rhodes, Daniel A., Kim, Bumho, Watanabe, Kenji, Taniguchi, Takashi, Papić, Zlatko, Hone, James, & Dean, Cory R. Odd- and even-denominator fractional quantum Hall states in monolayer WSe2. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-020-0685-6
Shi, Qianhui, Shih, En-Min, Gustafsson, Martin V., Rhodes, Daniel A., Kim, Bumho, Watanabe, Kenji, Taniguchi, Takashi, Papić, Zlatko, Hone, James, and Dean, Cory R. Mon .
"Odd- and even-denominator fractional quantum Hall states in monolayer WSe2". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-020-0685-6. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1803082.
@article{osti_1803082,
title = {Odd- and even-denominator fractional quantum Hall states in monolayer WSe2},
author = {Shi, Qianhui and Shih, En-Min and Gustafsson, Martin V. and Rhodes, Daniel A. and Kim, Bumho and Watanabe, Kenji and Taniguchi, Takashi and Papić, Zlatko and Hone, James and Dean, Cory R.},
abstractNote = {Monolayer semiconducting transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) represent a unique class of two-dimensional (2D) electron systems. Their atomically thin structure facilitates gate tunability just like graphene does, but unlike graphene, TMDs have the advantage of a sizable band gap and strong spin–orbit coupling. Measurements under large magnetic fields have revealed an unusual Landau level (LL) structure, distinct from other 2D electron systems. However, owing to the limited sample quality and poor electrical contact, probing the lowest LLs has been challenging, and observation of electron correlations within the fractionally filled LL regime has not been possible. Here, through bulk electronic compressibility measurements, we investigate the LL structure of monolayer WSe2 in the extreme quantum limit, and observe fractional quantum Hall states in the lowest three LLs. The odd-denominator fractional quantum Hall sequences demonstrate a systematic evolution with the LL orbital index, consistent with generic theoretical expectations. In addition, we observe an even-denominator state in the second LL that is expected to host non-Abelian statistics. Finally, our results suggest that the 2D semiconductors can provide an experimental platform that closely resembles idealized theoretical models in the quantum Hall regime.},
doi = {10.1038/s41565-020-0685-6},
journal = {Nature Nanotechnology},
number = 7,
volume = 15,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Jul 06 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Mon Jul 06 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Observation of an even-denominator quantum number in the fractional quantum Hall effect
journal, October 1987
- Willett, R.; Eisenstein, J. P.; Störmer, H. L.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 59, Issue 15
Approaching the Intrinsic Limit in Transition Metal Diselenides via Point Defect Control
journal, June 2019
- Edelberg, Drew; Rhodes, Daniel; Kerelsky, Alexander
- Nano Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 7
Coupled Spin and Valley Physics in Monolayers of and Other Group-VI Dichalcogenides
journal, May 2012
- Xiao, Di; Liu, Gui-Bin; Feng, Wanxiang
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 19
Two-Dimensional Magnetotransport in the Extreme Quantum Limit
journal, May 1982
- Tsui, D. C.; Stormer, H. L.; Gossard, A. C.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 48, Issue 22
Even-denominator fractional quantum Hall states in bilayer graphene
journal, October 2017
- Li, J. I. A.; Tan, C.; Chen, S.
- Science, Vol. 358, Issue 6363
Even-denominator fractional quantum Hall states at an isospin transition in monolayer graphene
journal, July 2018
- Zibrov, A. A.; Spanton, E. M.; Zhou, H.
- Nature Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 9
Electronic properties of graphene in a strong magnetic field
journal, November 2011
- Goerbig, M. O.
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 83, Issue 4
Compressibility of the two-dimensional electron gas: Measurements of the zero-field exchange energy and fractional quantum Hall gap
journal, July 1994
- Eisenstein, J. P.; Pfeiffer, L. N.; West, K. W.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 50, Issue 3
Large effective mass and interaction-enhanced Zeeman splitting of -valley electrons in
journal, May 2018
- Larentis, Stefano; Movva, Hema C. P.; Fallahazad, Babak
- Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 20
Density-Dependent Quantum Hall States and Zeeman Splitting in Monolayer and Bilayer
journal, June 2017
- Movva, Hema C. P.; Fallahazad, Babak; Kim, Kyounghwan
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 118, Issue 24
Unconventional Quantum Hall Effect and Tunable Spin Hall Effect in Dirac Materials: Application to an Isolated Trilayer
journal, February 2013
- Li, Xiao; Zhang, Fan; Niu, Qian
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 110, Issue 6
Surprising robustness of particle-hole symmetry for composite-fermion liquids
journal, September 2017
- Sreejith, G. J.; Zhang, Yuhe; Jain, J. K.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 12
Multicomponent fractional quantum Hall effect in graphene
journal, May 2011
- Dean, C. R.; Young, A. F.; Cadden-Zimansky, P.
- Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 9
Interactions and Magnetotransport through Spin-Valley Coupled Landau Levels in Monolayer
journal, December 2018
- Pisoni, Riccardo; Kormányos, Andor; Brooks, Matthew
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 24
Stable Pfaffian State in Bilayer Graphene
journal, October 2011
- Apalkov, Vadim M.; Chakraborty, Tapash
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 18
Ambipolar Landau levels and strong band-selective carrier interactions in monolayer WSe2
journal, March 2018
- Gustafsson, Martin V.; Yankowitz, Matthew; Forsythe, Carlos
- Nature Materials, Vol. 17, Issue 5
Even-denominator fractional quantum Hall physics in ZnO
journal, March 2015
- Falson, J.; Maryenko, D.; Friess, B.
- Nature Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 4
Competition between a Fractional Quantum Hall Liquid and Bubble and Wigner Crystal Phases in the Third Landau Level
journal, December 2004
- Gervais, G.; Engel, L. W.; Stormer, H. L.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 26
Unconventional Sequence of Fractional Quantum Hall States in Suspended Graphene
journal, September 2012
- Feldman, B. E.; Krauss, B.; Smet, J. H.
- Science, Vol. 337, Issue 6099
Orbital Landau level dependence of the fractional quantum Hall effect in quasi-two-dimensional electron layers: Finite-thickness effects
journal, October 2008
- Peterson, Michael R.; Jolicoeur, Th.; Das Sarma, S.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 78, Issue 15
Two point-contact interferometer for quantum Hall systems
journal, January 1997
- de C. Chamon, C.; Freed, D. E.; Kivelson, S. A.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 55, Issue 4
Particle-Hole Symmetry and the Pfaffian State
journal, December 2007
- Levin, Michael; Halperin, Bertrand I.; Rosenow, Bernd
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 23
Particle-Hole Symmetry and the Quantum Hall State
journal, December 2007
- Lee, Sung-Sik; Ryu, Shinsei; Nayak, Chetan
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 23
Spin- and valley-dependent magneto-optical properties of MoS
journal, September 2013
- Rose, Félix; Goerbig, M. O.; Piéchon, Frédéric
- Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 12
Competition between quantum-liquid and electron-solid phases in intermediate Landau levels
journal, March 2004
- Goerbig, M. O.; Lederer, P.; Smith, C. Morais
- Physical Review B, Vol. 69, Issue 11
High-Quality Magnetotransport in Graphene Using the Edge-Free Corbino Geometry
journal, April 2019
- Zeng, Y.; Li, J. I. A.; Dietrich, S. A.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 13
Observation of Even Denominator Fractional Quantum Hall Effect in Suspended Bilayer Graphene
journal, March 2014
- Ki, Dong-Keun; Fal’ko, Vladimir I.; Abanin, Dmitry A.
- Nano Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 4
Gap Reversal at Filling Factors and : Towards Novel Topological Order in the Fractional Quantum Hall Regime
journal, February 2015
- Kleinbaum, Ethan; Kumar, Ashwani; Pfeiffer, L. N.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 7
Exact Quantization of the Even-Denominator Fractional Quantum Hall State at Landau Level Filling Factor
journal, October 1999
- Pan, W.; Xia, J. -S.; Shvarts, V.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 83, Issue 17
Tunable interactions and phase transitions in Dirac materials in a magnetic field
journal, December 2011
- Papić, Z.; Abanin, D. A.; Barlas, Y.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 84, Issue 24
Tunable interacting composite fermion phases in a half-filled bilayer-graphene Landau level
journal, September 2017
- Zibrov, A. A.; Kometter, C.; Zhou, H.
- Nature, Vol. 549, Issue 7672
Nonabelions in the fractional quantum hall effect
journal, August 1991
- Moore, Gregory; Read, Nicholas
- Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 360, Issue 2-3
Scaling approach to the phase diagram of quantum Hall systems
journal, September 2003
- Goerbig, M. O.; Smith, C. Morais
- Europhysics Letters (EPL), Vol. 63, Issue 5
Direct measurement of discrete valley and orbital quantum numbers in bilayer graphene
journal, October 2017
- Hunt, B. M.; Li, J. I. A.; Zibrov, A. A.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Emergent Dirac Gullies and Gully-Symmetry-Breaking Quantum Hall States in Trilayer Graphene
journal, October 2018
- Zibrov, A. A.; Rao, P.; Kometter, C.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 16