Mycorrhizal phenotypes and the L aw of the M inimum
Abstract
Summary Mycorrhizal phenotypes arise from interactions among plant and fungal genotypes and the environment. Differences in the stoichiometry and uptake capacity of fungi and plants make arbuscular mycorrhizal ( AM ) fungi inherently more nitrogen (N) limited and less phosphorus (P) limited than their host plants. Mutualistic phenotypes are most likely in P‐limited systems and commensal or parasitic phenotypes in N‐limited systems. Carbon (C) limitation is expected to cause phenotypes to shift from mutualism to commensalism and even parasitism. Two experiments compared the influence of fertilizer and shade on mycorrhizas in A ndropogon gerardii across three naturally N‐limited or P‐limited grasslands. A third experiment examined the interactive effects of N and P enrichment and shade on A . gerardii mycorrhizas. Our experiments generated the full spectrum of mycorrhizal phenotypes. These findings support the hypothesis that mutualism is likely in P‐limited systems and commensalism or parasitism is likely in N‐limited systems. Furthermore, shade decreased C‐assimilation and generated less mutualistic mycorrhizal phenotypes with reduced plant and fungal biomass. Soil fertility is a key controller of mycorrhizal costs and benefits and the L aw of the M inimum is a useful predictor of mycorrhizal phenotype. In our experimental grasslands arbuscular mycorrhizas can ameliorate P‐limitationmore »
- Authors:
-
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA
- Natural Resource Ecology &, Management Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74077 USA
- Biosciences Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
- School of Forestry Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA
- Publication Date:
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1787140
- Resource Type:
- Publisher's Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- New Phytologist
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: New Phytologist Journal Volume: 205 Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 0028-646X
- Publisher:
- Wiley-Blackwell
- Country of Publication:
- United Kingdom
- Language:
- English
Citation Formats
Johnson, Nancy Collins, Wilson, Gail W. T., Wilson, Jacqueline A., Miller, R. Michael, and Bowker, Matthew A. Mycorrhizal phenotypes and the L aw of the M inimum. United Kingdom: N. p., 2014.
Web. doi:10.1111/nph.13172.
Johnson, Nancy Collins, Wilson, Gail W. T., Wilson, Jacqueline A., Miller, R. Michael, & Bowker, Matthew A. Mycorrhizal phenotypes and the L aw of the M inimum. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13172
Johnson, Nancy Collins, Wilson, Gail W. T., Wilson, Jacqueline A., Miller, R. Michael, and Bowker, Matthew A. Fri .
"Mycorrhizal phenotypes and the L aw of the M inimum". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13172.
@article{osti_1787140,
title = {Mycorrhizal phenotypes and the L aw of the M inimum},
author = {Johnson, Nancy Collins and Wilson, Gail W. T. and Wilson, Jacqueline A. and Miller, R. Michael and Bowker, Matthew A.},
abstractNote = {Summary Mycorrhizal phenotypes arise from interactions among plant and fungal genotypes and the environment. Differences in the stoichiometry and uptake capacity of fungi and plants make arbuscular mycorrhizal ( AM ) fungi inherently more nitrogen (N) limited and less phosphorus (P) limited than their host plants. Mutualistic phenotypes are most likely in P‐limited systems and commensal or parasitic phenotypes in N‐limited systems. Carbon (C) limitation is expected to cause phenotypes to shift from mutualism to commensalism and even parasitism. Two experiments compared the influence of fertilizer and shade on mycorrhizas in A ndropogon gerardii across three naturally N‐limited or P‐limited grasslands. A third experiment examined the interactive effects of N and P enrichment and shade on A . gerardii mycorrhizas. Our experiments generated the full spectrum of mycorrhizal phenotypes. These findings support the hypothesis that mutualism is likely in P‐limited systems and commensalism or parasitism is likely in N‐limited systems. Furthermore, shade decreased C‐assimilation and generated less mutualistic mycorrhizal phenotypes with reduced plant and fungal biomass. Soil fertility is a key controller of mycorrhizal costs and benefits and the L aw of the M inimum is a useful predictor of mycorrhizal phenotype. In our experimental grasslands arbuscular mycorrhizas can ameliorate P‐limitation but not N‐limitation.},
doi = {10.1111/nph.13172},
journal = {New Phytologist},
number = 4,
volume = 205,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {Fri Nov 21 00:00:00 EST 2014},
month = {Fri Nov 21 00:00:00 EST 2014}
}
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