Title: Supplemental dietary full-fatted and defatted Desmodesmus sp. exerted similar effects on growth performance, gut health, and excreta hydrothermal liquefaction of broiler chicks

Abstract

This study determined effects of full-fatted (C046, 41% crude protein) and lipid extracted (LEA, 39% crude protein) microalgae Desmodesmus sp. on growth performance, gut health, and excreta hydrothermal liquefaction of broiler chickens. Two experiments were conducted by feeding day-old Cornish male chicks: 1) a corn-soybean meal basal diet (control) 2) control +5% C046, or 3) control +5% LEA for 2 weeks. Growth performance was measured weekly in both experiments. Blood, liver, and duodenum samples of chickens were collected for biochemical analyses, and excreta samples were collected for hydrothermal liquefaction (300 °C, 60 min) at the end of Experiment 2. Compared with the control, supplemental dietary C046 and LEA enhanced average daily gain (13% to 40%, p < 0.05) in both experiments, and improved feed efficiency (15% and 11%, p < 0.01) in Experiment 2. The C046 and LEA diets enhanced the duodenum (19% to –2 fold, p < 0.05), but decreased the liver (17 to 78%, p < 0.05) mRNA abundances of interleukins-1, 6 and 8 and (or) tumor necrosis factor-α, respectively, compared with the controls. Meanwhile, the two types of biomass enhanced the protein amounts of claudin-1 in the duodenum (5–34%, p < 0.05) than the controls. Hydrothermal liquefactionmore » of the excreta derived from the three diets showed no major differences in total bio-crude oil (average of 23%), hydrochar yield (average of 12%), or elemental compositions. However, the heating values of the resultant two bio-crude oils from the microalgae-fed chicken excreta (average of 34 MJ/kg) were 16% greater than those from the control chickens (29 MJ/kg). In conclusion, supplementing the full- and de-fatted Desmodesmus sp. microalgal biomass in the starter diets for broiler chickens produced largely similar improvements of growth performance, gut health, and excreta-derived oil quality.« less

Authors:

Sun, Tao ^[1]; Wang, Kui ^[2]; Wyman, Benjamin ^[1]; Sudibyo, Hanifrahmawan ^[3]; Liu, Guanchen ^[1]; Beal, Colin ^[4]; Manning, Schonna ^[5]; Johnson, Zackary I. ^[6]; Aydemir, Tolunay B. ^[7]; Tester, Jefferson W. ^[3]; Lei, Xin Gen ^[1]

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Dept. of Animal Science
2. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Cornell Energy Systems Inst. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
3. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Cornell Energy Systems Inst. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
4. B&D Engineering and Consulting LLC, Lander, WY (United States)
5. Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States). Dept. of Molecular Biosciences
6. Duke Univ. Marine Lab., Beaufort, NC (United States). Nicholas School of the Environment
7. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Division of Nutritional Sciences

Publication Date:

Wed Feb 03 00:00:00 EST 2021

Research Org.:

Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

OSTI Identifier:

1848480

Alternate Identifier(s):

OSTI ID: 1780059

Grant/Contract Number:  

EE0007091

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

Algal Research

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Volume: 54; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 2211-9264

Publisher:

Elsevier

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; 09 BIOMASS FUELS; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Bio-crude oil; Chicken Growth; Gut health; Hydrothermal liquefaction; Microalgae