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Title: Long-term cyclability of Li4Ti5O12/LiMn2O4 cells using carbonate-based electrolytes for behind-the-meter storage applications

Abstract

Li4Ti5O12/LiMn2O4 (LTO/LMO) chemistry was evaluated as a potential candidate for behind-the-meter storage (BTMS) applications. Its long-term cycle performance at 45 °C was tested using ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) solvent electrolytes. Over 1000 cycles, LTO/LMO cells exhibited ~80% capacity retention and Coulombic efficiency higher than 99.96%. Electrochemical test results showed the major degradation mode of LTO/LMO cells arises from continuous electrolyte decomposition at the LTO anode and loss of Li inventory. EC and PC electrolytes created distinct surface layers, where the EC reduction products were more effective in passivating the LTO electrode surface. Dissolution and migration of Mn from the cathode was probed as Mn2+ species distributed throughout the surface layer at the anode. By utilizing a prelithiated LTO electrode, the LTO/LMO cell performance was significantly enhanced with EC electrolyte. On the other hand, PC electrolyte resulted in accelerated electrolyte decomposition at the lithiated LTO surface due to the lack of surface passivation. Thus, mitigating parasitic reactions at the LTO electrode is the key to developing successful LTO/LMO cells.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [1];  [1]
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  1. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
  2. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office
OSTI Identifier:
1819437
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1777066; OSTI ID: 1778202
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA-5K00-79149
Journal ID: ISSN 2405-8297; 169805
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357; AC36-08GO28308
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Energy Storage Materials
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 38; Journal ID: ISSN 2405-8297
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
25 ENERGY STORAGE; behind-the-meter storage; lithium-ion battery; Li4Ti5O12; LiMn2O4; ethylene carbonate; propylene carbonate

Citation Formats

Ha, Yeyoung, Harvey, Steven P., Teeter, Glenn, Colclasure, Andrew M., Trask, Stephen E., Jansen, Andrew N., Burrell, Anthony, and Park, Kyusung. Long-term cyclability of Li4Ti5O12/LiMn2O4 cells using carbonate-based electrolytes for behind-the-meter storage applications. United States: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2021.03.036.
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Ha, Yeyoung, Harvey, Steven P., Teeter, Glenn, Colclasure, Andrew M., Trask, Stephen E., Jansen, Andrew N., Burrell, Anthony, & Park, Kyusung. Long-term cyclability of Li4Ti5O12/LiMn2O4 cells using carbonate-based electrolytes for behind-the-meter storage applications. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2021.03.036
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Ha, Yeyoung, Harvey, Steven P., Teeter, Glenn, Colclasure, Andrew M., Trask, Stephen E., Jansen, Andrew N., Burrell, Anthony, and Park, Kyusung. Mon . "Long-term cyclability of Li4Ti5O12/LiMn2O4 cells using carbonate-based electrolytes for behind-the-meter storage applications". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2021.03.036. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1819437.
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@article{osti_1819437,
title = {Long-term cyclability of Li4Ti5O12/LiMn2O4 cells using carbonate-based electrolytes for behind-the-meter storage applications},
author = {Ha, Yeyoung and Harvey, Steven P. and Teeter, Glenn and Colclasure, Andrew M. and Trask, Stephen E. and Jansen, Andrew N. and Burrell, Anthony and Park, Kyusung},
abstractNote = {Li4Ti5O12/LiMn2O4 (LTO/LMO) chemistry was evaluated as a potential candidate for behind-the-meter storage (BTMS) applications. Its long-term cycle performance at 45 °C was tested using ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) solvent electrolytes. Over 1000 cycles, LTO/LMO cells exhibited ~80% capacity retention and Coulombic efficiency higher than 99.96%. Electrochemical test results showed the major degradation mode of LTO/LMO cells arises from continuous electrolyte decomposition at the LTO anode and loss of Li inventory. EC and PC electrolytes created distinct surface layers, where the EC reduction products were more effective in passivating the LTO electrode surface. Dissolution and migration of Mn from the cathode was probed as Mn2+ species distributed throughout the surface layer at the anode. By utilizing a prelithiated LTO electrode, the LTO/LMO cell performance was significantly enhanced with EC electrolyte. On the other hand, PC electrolyte resulted in accelerated electrolyte decomposition at the lithiated LTO surface due to the lack of surface passivation. Thus, mitigating parasitic reactions at the LTO electrode is the key to developing successful LTO/LMO cells.},
doi = {10.1016/j.ensm.2021.03.036},
journal = {Energy Storage Materials},
number = ,
volume = 38,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Apr 05 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Mon Apr 05 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2021.03.036
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