Investigating the effect of different shielding gas mixtures on microstructure and mechanical properties of 410 stainless steel fabricated via large scale additive manufacturing

Roy, Sougata; Silwal, Bishal; Nycz, Andrzej; Noakes, Mark; Cakmak, Ercan; Nandwana, Peeyush; Yamamoto, Yukinori

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2020.101821

Title: Investigating the effect of different shielding gas mixtures on microstructure and mechanical properties of 410 stainless steel fabricated via large scale additive manufacturing

Journal Article · Tue Dec 29 00:00:00 UTC 2020 · Additive Manufacturing

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2020.101821 · OSTI ID:1777771

^[1]; Silwal, Bishal ^[2];

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Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science and Technology Div.; Univ. of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND (United States). Mechanical Engineering Dept.
Georgia Southern Univ., Statesboro, GA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Energy and Transport Science and Technology Div.
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science and Technology Div.

Metal Big Area Additive Manufacturing (mBAAM) offers the potential to fabricate large scale tools at high deposition rates (15 lb/h+). 410 martensitic steel is a potential tooling material, owing to its low cost, good machinability and reasonable printability. During the mBAAM process, the shielding gas can have a significant impact on the material properties as well as the process cost. Therefore, the current study aims to understand the effect of different shielding gas mixtures on large-scale additive manufacturing of 410 martensitic stainless steel. We show that an argon mixture with 3% nitrogen gas produced the best performance in terms of maximum hardness and tensile strength, with much less scatter in tensile strength. He-Ar-CO₂ or tri-mix shielded samples showed a low tensile strength with wide scatter, due to stabilized delta ferrite in microstructure during printing. Both tri-mix and Ar-CO₂ shielded samples showed slightly higher porosity. Thus, we recommend the use of argon-3% nitrogen as a shielding gas mixture for processing 410 steel for tool applications, based on the relatively low cost of this gas mixture and the resulting higher hardness, higher dimensional stability, and lower porosity.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists (WDTS)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1777771

Journal Information:: Additive Manufacturing, Journal Name: Additive Manufacturing Journal Issue: 101821 Vol. 38; ISSN 2214-8604

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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