Revealing the Emergence of Classicality Using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers
Abstract
The origin of classical reality in our quantum world is a long-standing mystery. Here, we examine a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond evolving in the presence of its magnetic nuclear spin environment which is formed by the natural appearance of carbon 13C atoms in the diamond lattice, to study quantum Darwinism—the proliferation of information about preferred quantum states throughout the world via the environment. This redundantly imprinted information accounts for the perception of objective reality, as it is independently accessible by many without perturbing the system of interest. To observe this process, we implement a novel dynamical decoupling scheme that enables the measurement and control of several nuclear spins (the environment $$\mathcal{E}$$) interacting with a nitrogen vacancy (the system $$\mathcal{S}$$). Our experiment demonstrates that, in the course of the decoherence of $$\mathcal{S}$$, redundant information is indeed imprinted onto $$\mathcal{E}$$, giving rise to incipient classical objectivity—a consensus recorded in redundant copies, and available from the fragments of the nuclear spin environment E, about the state of $$\mathcal{S}$$. This provides the first laboratory verification of the process responsible for the emergence of the objective classical world from the underlying quantum substrate.
- Authors:
-
[4];
- Ulm Univ., Ulm (Germany). Inst. for Quantum Optics
- Ulm Univ., Ulm (Germany). Inst. for Quantum Optics; Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem (Israel). Racah Inst. of Physics
- National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD (United States). Physical Measurement Lab.
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Ulm Univ., Ulm (Germany). Inst. for Quantum Optics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQst)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1764949
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-18-27412
Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007; TRN: US2206448
- Grant/Contract Number:
- 89233218CNA000001
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 123; Journal Issue: 14; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Citation Formats
Unden, Thomas K., Louzon, D., Zwolak, Michael Philip, Zurek, Wojciech Hubert, and Jelezko, Fedor. Revealing the Emergence of Classicality Using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.123.140402.
Unden, Thomas K., Louzon, D., Zwolak, Michael Philip, Zurek, Wojciech Hubert, & Jelezko, Fedor. Revealing the Emergence of Classicality Using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.123.140402
Unden, Thomas K., Louzon, D., Zwolak, Michael Philip, Zurek, Wojciech Hubert, and Jelezko, Fedor. Tue .
"Revealing the Emergence of Classicality Using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.123.140402. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1764949.
@article{osti_1764949,
title = {Revealing the Emergence of Classicality Using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers},
author = {Unden, Thomas K. and Louzon, D. and Zwolak, Michael Philip and Zurek, Wojciech Hubert and Jelezko, Fedor},
abstractNote = {The origin of classical reality in our quantum world is a long-standing mystery. Here, we examine a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond evolving in the presence of its magnetic nuclear spin environment which is formed by the natural appearance of carbon 13C atoms in the diamond lattice, to study quantum Darwinism—the proliferation of information about preferred quantum states throughout the world via the environment. This redundantly imprinted information accounts for the perception of objective reality, as it is independently accessible by many without perturbing the system of interest. To observe this process, we implement a novel dynamical decoupling scheme that enables the measurement and control of several nuclear spins (the environment $\mathcal{E}$) interacting with a nitrogen vacancy (the system $\mathcal{S}$). Our experiment demonstrates that, in the course of the decoherence of $\mathcal{S}$, redundant information is indeed imprinted onto $\mathcal{E}$, giving rise to incipient classical objectivity—a consensus recorded in redundant copies, and available from the fragments of the nuclear spin environment E, about the state of $\mathcal{S}$. This provides the first laboratory verification of the process responsible for the emergence of the objective classical world from the underlying quantum substrate.},
doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.123.140402},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = 14,
volume = 123,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Tue Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Quantum jumps of light recording the birth and death of a photon in a cavity
journal, March 2007
- Gleyzes, Sébastien; Kuhr, Stefan; Guerlin, Christine
- Nature, Vol. 446, Issue 7133
Quantum non-demolition measurement of a superconducting two-level system
journal, January 2007
- Lupaşcu, A.; Saito, S.; Picot, T.
- Nature Physics, Vol. 3, Issue 2
Imaging nuclear spins weakly coupled to a probe paramagnetic center
text, January 2015
- Laraoui, Abdelghani; Pagliero, Daniela; Meriles, Carlos A.
- arXiv
Objective Properties from Subjective Quantum States: Environment as a Witness
journal, November 2004
- Ollivier, Harold; Poulin, David; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 22
Quantum Darwinism, classical reality, and the randomness of quantum jumps
journal, October 2014
- Zurek, Wojciech H.
- Physics Today, Vol. 67, Issue 10
Multiple‐quantum dynamics in solid state NMR
journal, September 1985
- Baum, J.; Munowitz, M.; Garroway, A. N.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 83, Issue 5
Classical, quantum and total correlations
journal, August 2001
- Henderson, L.; Vedral, V.
- Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General, Vol. 34, Issue 35
Quantum Darwinism, Classical Reality, and the Randomness of Quantum Jumps
text, January 2014
- Zurek, Wojciech H.
- arXiv
The rise and fall of redundancy in decoherence and quantum Darwinism
journal, August 2012
- Jess Riedel, C.; Zurek, Wojciech H.; Zwolak, Michael
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 8
Coherent feedback control of a single qubit in diamond
journal, April 2016
- Hirose, Masashi; Cappellaro, Paola
- Nature, Vol. 532, Issue 7597
Arbitrary nuclear-spin gates in diamond mediated by a nitrogen-vacancy-center electron spin
journal, September 2017
- Casanova, J.; Wang, Z. -Y.; Plenio, M. B.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 96, Issue 3
Environment as a witness: Selective proliferation of information and emergence of objectivity in a quantum universe
journal, October 2005
- Ollivier, Harold; Poulin, David; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 72, Issue 4
Enhancing quantum sensing sensitivity by a quantum memory
journal, August 2016
- Zaiser, Sebastian; Rendler, Torsten; Jakobi, Ingmar
- Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Single-Shot Readout of a Single Nuclear Spin
journal, July 2010
- Neumann, P.; Beck, J.; Steiner, M.
- Science, Vol. 329, Issue 5991
Coherent Dynamics of Coupled Electron and Nuclear Spin Qubits in Diamond
journal, October 2006
- Childress, L.; Gurudev Dutt, M. V.; Taylor, J. M.
- Science, Vol. 314, Issue 5797
Robust dynamical decoupling
journal, October 2012
- Souza, Alexandre M.; Álvarez, Gonzalo A.; Suter, Dieter
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 370, Issue 1976
Robust Dynamical Decoupling Sequences for Individual Nuclear Spin Addressing
text, January 2015
- Casanova, J.; Wang, Z. -Y.; Haase, J. F.
- arXiv
Measuring out-of-time-order correlations and multiple quantum spectra in a trapped ion quantum magnet
text, January 2016
- Gärttner, Martin; Bohnet, Justin G.; Safavi-Naini, Arghavan
- arXiv
Generic emergence of classical features in quantum Darwinism
journal, August 2015
- Brandão, Fernando G. S. L.; Piani, Marco; Horodecki, Paweł
- Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Measuring out-of-time-order correlations and multiple quantum spectra in a trapped-ion quantum magnet
journal, May 2017
- Gärttner, Martin; Bohnet, Justin G.; Safavi-Naini, Arghavan
- Nature Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 8
Generic Emergence of Objectivity of Observables in Infinite Dimensions
journal, October 2018
- Knott, Paul A.; Tufarelli, Tommaso; Piani, Marco
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 16
Redundancy of einselected information in quantum Darwinism: The irrelevance of irrelevant environment bits
journal, March 2017
- Zwolak, Michael; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 95, Issue 3
Einselection and decoherence from an information theory perspective
journal, November 2000
- Zurek, W. H.
- Annalen der Physik, Vol. 9, Issue 11-12
Amplification, Decoherence and the Acquisition of Information by Spin Environments
journal, May 2016
- Zwolak, Michael; Riedel, C. Jess; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Discriminating States: The Quantum Chernoff Bound
journal, April 2007
- Audenaert, K. M. R.; Calsamiglia, J.; Muñoz-Tapia, R.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 16
The nitrogen-vacancy colour centre in diamond
journal, July 2013
- Doherty, Marcus W.; Manson, Neil B.; Delaney, Paul
- Physics Reports, Vol. 528, Issue 1
Generic emergence of classical features in quantum Darwinism
text, January 2013
- Brandao, Fernando G. S. L.; Piani, Marco; Horodecki, Pawel
- arXiv
Redundancy of einselected information in quantum Darwinism: The irrelevance of irrelevant environment bits
text, January 2017
- Zwolak, Michael; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- arXiv
Pointer basis of quantum apparatus: Into what mixture does the wave packet collapse?
journal, September 1981
- Zurek, W. H.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 24, Issue 6
Seeing a single photon without destroying it
journal, July 1999
- Nogues, G.; Rauschenbeutel, A.; Osnaghi, S.
- Nature, Vol. 400, Issue 6741
Complementarity of quantum discord and classically accessible information
journal, May 2013
- Zwolak, Michael; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Single defect centres in diamond: A review
journal, October 2006
- Jelezko, F.; Wrachtrup, J.
- physica status solidi (a), Vol. 203, Issue 13
Quantum Darwinism in a Mixed Environment
journal, September 2009
- Zwolak, Michael; Quan, H. T.; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 11
Amplification, Decoherence, and the Acquisition of Information by Spin Environments
text, January 2016
- Zwolak, Michael; Riedel, C. Jess; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- arXiv
Complementarity of quantum discord and classically accessible information
text, January 2013
- Zwolak, Michael; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- arXiv
Amplification, Redundancy, and Quantum Chernoff Information
journal, April 2014
- Zwolak, Michael; Riedel, C. Jess; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 14
A Simple Example of “Quantum Darwinism”: Redundant Information Storage in Many-Spin Environments
journal, November 2005
- Blume-Kohout, Robin; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- Foundations of Physics, Vol. 35, Issue 11
Robust dynamical decoupling sequences for individual-nuclear-spin addressing
journal, October 2015
- Casanova, J.; Wang, Z. -Y.; Haase, J. F.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 92, Issue 4
Emergence of classical objectivity of quantum Darwinism in a photonic quantum simulator
journal, May 2019
- Chen, Ming-Cheng; Zhong, Han-Sen; Li, Yuan
- Science Bulletin, Vol. 64, Issue 9
Imaging nuclear spins weakly coupled to a probe paramagnetic center
journal, May 2015
- Laraoui, Abdelghani; Pagliero, Daniela; Meriles, Carlos A.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 20
New, compensated Carr-Purcell sequences
journal, October 1990
- Gullion, Terry; Baker, David B.; Conradi, Mark S.
- Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969), Vol. 89, Issue 3
Universal control and error correction in multi-qubit spin registers in diamond
text, January 2013
- Taminiau, T. H.; Cramer, J.; van der Sar, T.
- arXiv
Quantum Discord Cannot Be Shared
journal, July 2013
- Streltsov, Alexander; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 4
Quantum jumps of light recording the birth and death of a photon in a cavity
conference, June 2007
- Kuhr, S.; Gleyzes, S.; Guerlin, C.
- 2007 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and the International Quantum Electronics Conference
Universal control and error correction in multi-qubit spin registers in diamond
journal, February 2014
- Taminiau, T. H.; Cramer, J.; van der Sar, T.
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 9, Issue 3
Experimental signature of quantum Darwinism in photonic cluster states
journal, August 2018
- Ciampini, Mario A.; Pinna, Giorgia; Mataloni, Paolo
- Physical Review A, Vol. 98, Issue 2
Redundant imprinting of information in nonideal environments: Objective reality via a noisy channel
journal, June 2010
- Zwolak, Michael; Quan, H. T.; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 81, Issue 6
Non-flipping 13 C spins near an NV center in diamond: hyperfine and spatial characteristics by density functional theory simulation of the C 510 [NV]H 252 cluster
journal, February 2018
- Nizovtsev, A. P.; Kilin, S. Ya; Pushkarchuk, A. L.
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 2
Robust dynamical decoupling
text, January 2011
- Souza, Alexandre M.; Álvarez, Gonzalo A.; Suter, Dieter
- arXiv
Quantum Discord: A Measure of the Quantumness of Correlations
journal, December 2001
- Ollivier, Harold; Zurek, Wojciech H.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 88, Issue 1
Works referencing / citing this record:
Quantum Darwinism and non-Markovianity in a model of quantum harmonic oscillators
journal, November 2019
- Oliveira, S. M.; de Paula, A. L.; Drumond, R. C.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 100, Issue 5
Quantum Darwinism in a structured spin environment
journal, November 2021
- Ryan, Eoghan; Paternostro, Mauro; Campbell, Steve
- Physics Letters A, Vol. 416
Appearance of objectivity for NV centers interacting with dynamically polarized nuclear environment
journal, April 2021
- Kwiatkowski, Damian; Cywiński, Łukasz; Korbicz, Jarosław K.
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 23, Issue 4
Quantum Darwinism and non-Markovianity in a model of quantum harmonic oscillators
journal, November 2019
- Oliveira, S. M.; de Paula, A. L.; Drumond, R. C.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 100, Issue 5
Quantum Darwinism and the spreading of classical information in non-classical theories
journal, January 2022
- Baldijao, Roberto D.; Krumm, Marius; Garner, Andrew J. P.
- Quantum, Vol. 6
Decoherence and information encoding in quantum reference frames
preprint, January 2020
- Tuziemski, Jan
- arXiv