Orientation of Ferroelectric Domains and Disappearance upon Heating Methylammonium Lead Triiodide Perovskite from Tetragonal to Cubic Phase
Abstract
We study the spontaneous polarization of the archetypal semiconducting halide perovskite methylammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3) that is currently being investigated for use in thin film solar cells and light-emitting diodes. Using both lateral and vertical piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) to image polycrystalline thin films, we observed domains in the piezoresponse that reversibly appear and disappear below and above the tetragonal-to-cubic phase transition temperature. Importantly, we observe these domains to exhibit a piezoresponse that is predominantly in-plane for films with the (110) plane oriented parallel to the substrate, providing a measure of the polarization associated with specific crystal planes. We characterize the polarization and its temporal response using both local switching spectroscopy and time-dependent PFM spectra. These data show hysteresis loops with the polarization switching with bias but relaxing back on time scales of several minutes. Furthermore, our results suggest the existence of ferroelectric behavior due to off-center displacement of the Pb2+ cation, although the local polarization response is complicated by the presence of local ionic and electronic conductivity. Understanding the nature of these domains paves the way for further optimization of optoelectronic devices using CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite material.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2];
[4];
[1]
- Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
- Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Cavendish Lab., Cambridge (United Kingdom)
- Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Max Planck Inst. for Polymer Research, Mainz (Germany)
- Max Planck Inst. for Polymer Research, Mainz (Germany)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1712718
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0013957; DMR-1337173; ECC-1542101
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- ACS Applied Energy Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 1; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 2574-0962
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; ferroelectricity; perovskite; piezoresponse force microscopy; hysteresis loop; methylammonium lead triiodide; solar cells; hysteresis; polarization; phase transitions; order; perovskites
Citation Formats
Vorpahl, Sarah M., Giridharagopal, Rajiv, Eperon, Giles E., Hermes, Ilka M., Weber, Stefan L., and Ginger, David S. Orientation of Ferroelectric Domains and Disappearance upon Heating Methylammonium Lead Triiodide Perovskite from Tetragonal to Cubic Phase. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1021/acsaem.7b00330.
Vorpahl, Sarah M., Giridharagopal, Rajiv, Eperon, Giles E., Hermes, Ilka M., Weber, Stefan L., & Ginger, David S. Orientation of Ferroelectric Domains and Disappearance upon Heating Methylammonium Lead Triiodide Perovskite from Tetragonal to Cubic Phase. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.7b00330
Vorpahl, Sarah M., Giridharagopal, Rajiv, Eperon, Giles E., Hermes, Ilka M., Weber, Stefan L., and Ginger, David S. Wed .
"Orientation of Ferroelectric Domains and Disappearance upon Heating Methylammonium Lead Triiodide Perovskite from Tetragonal to Cubic Phase". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.7b00330. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1712718.
@article{osti_1712718,
title = {Orientation of Ferroelectric Domains and Disappearance upon Heating Methylammonium Lead Triiodide Perovskite from Tetragonal to Cubic Phase},
author = {Vorpahl, Sarah M. and Giridharagopal, Rajiv and Eperon, Giles E. and Hermes, Ilka M. and Weber, Stefan L. and Ginger, David S.},
abstractNote = {We study the spontaneous polarization of the archetypal semiconducting halide perovskite methylammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3) that is currently being investigated for use in thin film solar cells and light-emitting diodes. Using both lateral and vertical piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) to image polycrystalline thin films, we observed domains in the piezoresponse that reversibly appear and disappear below and above the tetragonal-to-cubic phase transition temperature. Importantly, we observe these domains to exhibit a piezoresponse that is predominantly in-plane for films with the (110) plane oriented parallel to the substrate, providing a measure of the polarization associated with specific crystal planes. We characterize the polarization and its temporal response using both local switching spectroscopy and time-dependent PFM spectra. These data show hysteresis loops with the polarization switching with bias but relaxing back on time scales of several minutes. Furthermore, our results suggest the existence of ferroelectric behavior due to off-center displacement of the Pb2+ cation, although the local polarization response is complicated by the presence of local ionic and electronic conductivity. Understanding the nature of these domains paves the way for further optimization of optoelectronic devices using CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite material.},
doi = {10.1021/acsaem.7b00330},
journal = {ACS Applied Energy Materials},
number = 4,
volume = 1,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Mar 14 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Wed Mar 14 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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